Woody Biomass Conversion to JP-8 Fuels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Pendse
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass

scholarly journals Investigation of a Lignin-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Using p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid for Efficient Woody Biomass Conversion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 12542-12553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxuan Wang ◽  
Xianzhi Meng ◽  
Keunhong Jeong ◽  
Shuya Li ◽  
Gyu Leem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid

scholarly journals A critical review of life cycle assessment studies of woody biomass conversion to sugars

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2206) ◽  
pp. 20200335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Ryan ◽  
Polina Yaseneva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Biomass Fractionation

Woody biomass could potentially become a viable raw material for the future sustainable chemical industry. For this, a suitable regulatory framework must exist, that would create favourable economic conditions for wood biorefineries. Such policies must be developed on the basis of scientific evidence—in this case, data supporting the environmental advantages of the bio-based feedstocks to the chemical industry. The most suitable methodology for comprehensive evaluation of environmental performance of technologies is life cycle assessment (LCA). In this review, the available LCA studies of woody biomass fractionation and conversion to bulk chemical feedstocks are critically evaluated. It has been revealed that the majority of the openly available studies do not contain transparent inventory data and, therefore, cannot be verified or re-used; studies containing inventory data are reported in this review. The lack of inventory data also prevents comparison between studies of the same processes performed with different evaluation methods or using different system boundaries. Recommendations are proposed on how to overcome issues of commercial data sensitivity by using black-box modelling when reporting environmental information. From several comparable LCA studies, it has been concluded that today the most environmentally favourable technology for wood biomass fractionation is organosolv. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.

Experimental Study of Subcritical Water Liquefaction of Biomass: Effects of Catalyst and Biomass Species

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Saqib Sohail Toor ◽  
Lasse Rosendahl ◽  
Donghong Yu ◽  
Guanyi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Hot Compressed Water ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wood industry residues (wood, bark, sawdust) and macroalgae for producing biofuels has been investigated under subcritical water conditions (at temperature of 300 °C), with and without the presence of a catalyst. The effects of catalyst and biomass type (woody and non-woody) on the biomass conversion, bio-crude yield, and the qualities of products were studied. The results suggested that the addition of potassium carbonate as a catalyst showed a positive effect on bio-crude yield, especially for wood, where it was enhanced to 47.48 wt%. Macroalgae showed a higher biomass conversion and a lower bio-crude yield than other woody biomass investigated in the present study, irrespective of whether the catalyst was used. Meanwhile, the effect of catalyst on macroalgae was less significant than that of woody biomass. The heating values and thermal stability of all bio-crudes were analyzed. The results showed that the higher heating values (HHVs) were in the range of 24.15 to 31.79 MJ/kg, and they were enhanced in the presence of a catalyst, except for that of the macroalgae. The solid residues were characterized by heating value, SEM and FTIR. It was found that the addition of K2CO3 lowered the solids quality in terms of the heating values, while it did not have apparent effect on the functional groups of solid residues. SEM analysis of the raw biomass and solid residues revealed that the char formation for wood, sawdust and macroalgae had initially finished when they were treated in hot compressed water at 300 °C, while conversion of bark had not completed yet.

scholarly journals Integration of deep geothermal energy and woody biomass conversion pathways in urban systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Moret ◽  
Emanuela Peduzzi ◽  
Léda Gerber ◽  
François Maréchal
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Deep Geothermal Energy

scholarly journals Solar Energy Induced Woody Biomass Conversion with a Semiconductor Photoelectrode

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Claire Y. Lee ◽  
Alicia Y. Leem ◽  
Hannah Park
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass

CHAPTER 7. Niche Position and Opportunities for Woody Biomass Conversion

2012 ◽  
pp. 151-179
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Amidon ◽  
Biljana Bujanovic ◽  
Shijie Liu ◽  
Asif Hasan ◽  
Joel R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass

Pretreatment technologies for biological and chemical conversion of woody biomass

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANG WANG ◽  
SHIJIE LIU
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Biomass Feedstocks ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Biochemical Production

Woody biomass is an important alternative source for chemicals, materials, and energy. Although different routes of woody biomass conversion have been proposed in various studies, typical biochemical production processes using woody biomass feedstocks consist of four major steps: pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and separation. Pretreatment remains the most important step in biomass conversion. This paper is a review of available pretreatment technologies for woody biomass bioconversion.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility of gasoline production from lignocellulosic wastes in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixiang Guan ◽  
Sim-Ying Chua ◽  
Chi-Wing Tsang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Carol Sze Ki Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Biomass Fractionation

AbstractIn this study, the conceptual process flowsheet was developed and the economic feasibility of woody biomass conversion to biofuel as feedstock was analysed by considering several promising experimental processes for lignin depolymerization, such as hydrodeoxygenation and hydrogenolysis, along with lignocellulosic biomass fractionation processes. The engineering simulation process toward the commercial production of bio-gasoline from lignocellulosic biomass using SuperPro Designer® was modeled. The compatibility of the end products with the current gasoline specifications was evaluated and various blending options were investigated to meet the octane number and Reid vapor pressure requirement of the product. The economic potential of the simulated engineering process was then evaluated from an economic perspective. The operating costs and capital investment of three scenario using three different catalytic systems were estimated and discussed to assess of the potential of commercializing of woody biomass valorization process. The main potential market segments were identified, including the process by-products such as xylose and cellulose pulp. From the economic evaluation study, it was found that selling the biomass fractionation products alone does have a greater profit than valorization of lignin to produce bio-gasoline, with net present value of RMB 22,653,000 and RMB 177,000, respectively at the same return on investment if the plant is set up in Hong Kong. It was also found that catalysts play a pivotal role in determination of the profitability in the valorization process, not only because of the price of the catalyst, but also the product distributions obtained with various types of it. To obtain the same gross profit, the sale price of bio-gasoline has to be set higher with platinum catalysts than with ruthenium catalysts (nearly 10 folds). Thus, catalyst development and process improvement are crucial in the establishment of bio-based circular economy.

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