Orchard Performance of Seedling and Clonal Rootstocks for Peach on a Severe Peach Tree Short-life Site

Thirteen rootstocks grafted with Redhaven peach were established on a severe peach tree short-life (PTSL) site in central Georgia. Most rootstocks tested were peach seedling types: Lovell, Nemaguard, Guardian (BY520-9), BY520-8, Boone County, Bailey and two `Tennessee Natural' selections. A seedling plum rootstock, St. Julian, was also used. Clonal type rootstocks included a peach × almond hybrid, GF677; plum, GF43 and Damas 1869; and a plum hybrid, GF655-2. Trees on Guardian displayed the best survival with only 20% mortality due to PTSL, through 7 years. In contrast, 40% of trees on Lovell succumbed to PTSL. Currently, Lovell is the recommended rootstock for PTSL-prone sites. Other rootstocks ranged from 50% to 100% mortality due to PTSL. Trees on Guardian displayed significantly higher vigor through the first 4 years following planting compared to trees on Lovell. Furthermore, trees on Guardian produced significantly greater yields than those on Lovell, in all but 1 year. Rootstock effects on tree survival, vigor, bloom and harvest dates, fruit yield and size, and suckering will be discussed.

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Soil Solarization and Biological Control for Managing Mesocriconema xenoplax and Short Life in a Newly Established Peach Orchard

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-11-0373-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (9) ◽

pp. 1309-1314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. P. Nyczepir ◽

D. A. Kluepfel ◽

V. Waldrop ◽

W. P. Wechter

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Soil Fumigation ◽

Soil Solarization ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Pseudomonas Spp ◽

Tree Survival ◽

History Of ◽

Peach Trees ◽

Peach Orchard

The effects of soil solarization, with and without a Pseudomonas spp. cocktail or wheat rotation as alternatives to chemical control of Mesocriconema xenoplax, were investigated from 2004 to 2011. Preplant solarization and soil fumigation (67% methyl bromide + 33% chloropicrin mixture; henceforth, referred to as MBr) was initiated in 2004 in an orchard infested with M. xenoplax and a history of peach tree short life (PTSL). Plots consisted of nine treatments: (i) nonsolarized soil-alone, (ii) nonsolarized soil with bacteria cocktail (nonsolar-bacteria), (iii) nonsolarized soil with wheat (nonsolar-wheat), (iv) nonsolarized soil with bacteria cocktail and wheat (nonsolar-bacteria-wheat), (v) solarized soil-alone, (vi) solarized soil with bacteria cocktail solar-bacteria), (vii) solarized soil with wheat (solar-wheat), (viii) solarized soil with bacteria cocktail and wheat (solar-bacteria-wheat), and (ix) preplant MBr fumigation. Peach trees were planted into all plots in 2005. Nematode populations were suppressed 20 months longer after orchard establishment in solar-alone and solar-wheat plots than solar-bacteria and solar-bacteria-wheat plots. Pseudomonas spp. cocktails did not have a pronounced effect in suppressing M. xenoplax in this study. Fumigation effect on M. xenoplax population density dissipated 24 months after application. Solar-wheat-treated soil was as effective as preplant MBr fumigation in increasing tree survival from PTSL for at least 6 years after orchard establishment.

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Peach Rootstock Performance of BY-520-9 and Lovell in a Peach Tree Short Life Replant Site

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.497c ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 497C-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael L. Parker ◽

Dave Ritchie ◽

Andy Nyczepir

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Tree Mortality ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Short Life ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tree Survival ◽

Tree Removal ◽

History Of ◽

Old Trees

A study was initiated in 1994 to evaluate the performance of the recently released peach rootstock Guardian TM (BY-5209-9), compared to Lovell, the commercial standard in North Carolina. `Redhaven' was the scion for both rootstocks. Guardian&™ is reported to be tolerant to root-knot nematodes and not affected by ring nematodes, which contribute to the incidence of peach tree short life (PTSL). The site of this study has a history of poor peach tree survival. Six-year-old trees were removed because of tree mortality from PTSL in Spring 1993. After tree removal, one-half of each existing row was pre-plant fumigated and trees were replanted over the rows of the previous orchard in Feb. 1994. In Spring 1996, tree mortality for the trees planted on Lovell was 30%, compared to 10% for the trees planted on GuardianTM. Trunk cross-sectional area for trees grown in the fumigated soil was approximately double that of trees grown in the unfumigated soil for both GuardianTM and Lovell. The 1996 fruit crop was eliminated from frost/freeze conditions and 1997 yields will be discussed. In Fall 1996, one-half of the trees were treated with a post-plant nematicide to determine if such treatments are necessary or beneficial with the GuardianTM rootstock.

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Field Performance of Wildpeach (Prunus persica L.) as a Rootstock for Peach Compared with Lovell and Nemaguard

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.666d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 666d-666

Author(s):

U.L. Yadava

Keyword(s):

Prunus Persica ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Performance ◽

Cold Injury ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Tree Survival ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Good Potential

A planting of 48 trees of `Redhaven' scion on Lovell, Nemaguard, and Wildpeach rootstocks (RS) was established in 1990, with four replications in randomized complete-block design. Cultural practices common in Georgia were used to maintain the planting. Orchard performance for peach tree short life (PTSL) related tree survival, RS suckering, fungal gummosis, and tree stresses from cold injury and Pseudomonas canker, was investigated to examine RS potential of Wildpeach compared with Lovell and Nemaguard. Trees on all RS showed 100% survival for the first 5 years in the orchard. Although canker became more prevalent in later years, trees had significantly higher ratings on Nemaguard (2.88) and Lovell (2.50) RS than on Wildpeach (1.44). However, PTSL stress enraged by Pseudomonas killed one tree each on Lovell and Wildpeach RS during 1995. Trunk cambial browning that estimated cold injury was trivial due to mild winters; however, trees on Nemaguard had higher TCB ratings (1.25) than on other RS. Trees on Wildpeach had fewer suckers than on Nemaguard or Lovell. Gummosis ratings were higher on Nemaguard RS than on Lovell and Wildpeach. The results showed that Wildpeach has good potential for a peach RS.

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SHORT-LIFE AND NON-SHORT-LIFE SOIL RATIO AND ROOT TYPE AFFECT PEACH TREE SURVIVAL IN FIELD MICROPLOT

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.638g ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 638g-638

Author(s):

Umedi L. Yadava

Keyword(s):

Tree Mortality ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Top Soil ◽

Tree Survival ◽

Soil Effects ◽

Soil Mix ◽

Root Types

A planting of 90 Redhaven peach (Prunus persica (L) Batsch) trees either budded to Lovell and Nemaguard rootstocks or on their own roots, was established in spring 1984 using in-ground 55-gallon microplots. Planting soils (top soil, not B and C layers) prepared in five ratios by mixing soils from peach tree short life (PTSL) and non-PTSL (NPSL) sites (100% PTSL, 75% PTSL + 25% NPSL, 50% of each, 25% PTSL + 75% NPSL, and 100% NPSL) as main plots, were replicated 3 times. Two trees per rootstock were randomized within main plots. The planting was maintained using conventional cultural practices. Observations for tree survival were recorded in December each year. During this investigation, both soil mix and root types significantly affected tree survival, which was consistently the highest in 100% NPSL and the lowest in 100% PTSL soil. Effects of other soil combinations were intermediate; however, greater tree mortality was associated with increased ratio of PTSL soil. Trees on Lovell roots invariably survived the best followed by those on Nemaguard roots and the lowest when on their own roots. As early as in fourth leaf, >55% of the own-rooted trees died compared to < 10% on either rootstock.

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FIELD-TESTING PEACH ROOTSTOCK SELECTIONS FOR TOLERANCE TO PEACH TREE SHORT LIFE AND REPLANT SITES IN SOUTH CAROLINA

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2004.658.63 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 429-434

Author(s):

G.L. Reighard ◽

D.R. Ouellette ◽

T.G. Beckman ◽

K.H. Brock ◽

D.R. Newall Jr.

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Field Testing ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life

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Predicting individual phenological phases in peaches using meteorological data

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/640-hortsci ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. Litschmann ◽

I. Oukropec ◽

B. Křižan

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Peach Tree ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Marketing Data ◽

Phenological Phases ◽

Sum Of Active Temperatures

The submitted work deals with the relation between the sum of active temperatures above 7°C and important phenological phases in peach tree cultivation. The aim of the paper is to provide information for growers, especially regarding anticipated harvest dates, which is important for marketing. Data has been compiled for the period 1998–2007 for the variety Catherine, grown in the locality of Velké Bílovice in the Czech Republic. A relationship between the sum of active temperatures above 7°C from the beginning of the year up to the start of blossoming has been identified, and a model determining the harvest date on the basis of the sum of active temperatures in the periods of 30 days and 60 days after blossoming has been tested.

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