scholarly journals (280) Plant Regeneration of Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) from In Vitro Leaf Tissues

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050E-1051
Author(s):  
Wenhao Dai ◽  
Victoria Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Periwinkle, a perennial commonly used as a summer bedding plant, is known as the source of vinca alkaloids used to treat lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. It is also one of the natural hosts of many phytoplasma diseases, such as X-disease of major Prunus species, aster yellows, and ash yellows diseases. Therefore, periwinkle is an ideal plant species for phytoplasma disease research, such as disease transmission, species resistance, and resistant gene screening. Periwinkle tissue culture was established by incubating sterile seeds in hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Plants were successfully regenerated from in vitro leaf tissues of periwinkle. Adventitious shoots were induced when leaf tissues were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium or woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with benzyladenine (BA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Nearly 75% of leaf explants produced shoots in both media with 10–20 μm BA and 1 μm NAA. A mean of 4.3 shoots was produced from each explant cultured on WPM, whereas only 2 shoots were produced on MS medium under 16-h photoperiod. Leaf explants under dark treatment for 2 weeks produced big callus only, indicating that light is necessary for shoot formation. Most adventitious shoots were induced from the joint of leaf blade and petiole. In vitro shoots (>1.5 cm) were easily rooted in half-strength MS medium. Addition of NAA dramatically increased root number, with more than 20 roots being induced in 5 μm NAA medium. Rooted plants were transferred to potting medium and grown in a greenhouse.

scholarly journals High Efficiency Direct Shoot Organogenesis from Leaf Segments ofAerva lanata(L.) Juss. Ex Schult by Using Thidiazuron

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Varutharaju ◽  
C. Soundar Raju ◽  
C. Thilip ◽  
A. Aslam ◽  
A. Shajahan
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Direct Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Direct Shoot

An efficient protocol for direct shoot organogenesis has been developed for the medicinal plantAerva lanata(L.) Juss. ex Schult. Regeneration was achieved from leaf segments of 20 days oldin vitroplantlets raised on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.25–2.0 mg L−1thiadiazuron (TDZ), 3% sucrose, and 0.8% agar. After 21 days of culture incubation, maximum number of shoot organogenesis (23.6 ± 0.16) was obtained on medium containing 1.0 mg L−1TDZ. The shoots were able to producein vitroflowers on medium containing 1.0 mg L−1TDZ in combination with 0.25–0.5 mg L−1  α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Histological observation showed that the epidermal cells of the leaf explants exhibited continuous cell division led to formation of numerous dome shaped meristematic protrusions and subsequently developed into adventitious shoots. Upon transfer of shootlets to half strength MS medium containing 1.0 mg L−1indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), around 86% of the regenerated shoots formed roots and plantlets. Rooted plants were hardened and successfully established in the soil at the survival rate of 92%. The regeneration protocol developed in this study provides an important method of micropropagation of this plant. Furthermore, this protocol may be used for a large scale production of its medicinally active compounds and genetic transformations for further improvement.

scholarly journals Shoot Regeneration Rates of Perennial Phlox are Dependant on Cultivar and Explant Type

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Fraga ◽  
Mertxe Alonso ◽  
Marisé Borja
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Shoot Initiation

Meristem culture and/or thermotherapy were used for virus elimination from ornamental Phlox paniculata L. (`Blue Boy', `Orange perfection' and `Starfire') mother plants. Shoot tip, leaf, node and flower ovary explants collected from greenhouse-maintained virus free plants were cultured in vitro for shoot initiation. Adventitious shoot initiation was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing the cytokinin BA with or without the auxin NAA. The addition of 0.4 mg·L-1 thiamine, 0.4 mg·L-1 folic acid, and 40 mg·L-1 adenine sulfate to the MS medium did not improve the regeneration rate. Multiplication and rooting were genotype dependent. Blue Boy and Orange Perfection cultivars regenerated the maximum number of shoots from leaf explants. `Blue Boy' leaf explants from in vitro plants had a lower regeneration rate than explants from greenhouse plants. Cultivar `Starfire' had the highest shoot formation with open flower ovary explants and failed to regenerate from leaf explants. In vitro rooting of adventitious shoots in the presence of auxins (IAA, NAA, or IBA) with or without BA was less effective than ex vitro rooting. Chemical names used: 6-benzyladenine (BA); indole-acetic acid (IAA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION AND MASS PROPAGATION OF AZIMA TETRACANTHA [LAM.] FROM THE LEAF EXPLANTS THROUGH CALLUS CULTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Mallika Devi T
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Apical Leaf ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Azima Tetracantha

In the present study the protocol for callus induction and regeneration in Azima tetracantha has been developed in culture medium. The young apical leaf explants were used for callus induction on MS medium containing BAP and NAA at 1.0 and 0.4mgl-1 respectively showed maximum callus induction (73%). The amount of callus responded for shoot formation (74%) was obtained in the MS medium containing BAP (1.5 mgl-1) and NAA (0.3mgl-1).The elongated shoots were rooted on half strength medium supplemented with IBA (1.5 mgl-1) and Kn (0.4 mgl-1) for shoots rooted. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and hardened off inside the culture and then transferred to green house with better survival rate.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Rapid and Efficient Micropropagation System for Succulent Plant Haworthia turgida Haw.

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1278-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boling Liu ◽  
Hongzhou Fang ◽  
Chaorong Meng ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Qingdong Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Succulent Plant

In the present study, the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on callus regeneration, adventitious shoot differentiation, and root formation of Haworthia turgida Haw. was investigated. The greatest callus induction percentage (95.6%) was achieved with leaf explants inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.0 mg·L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and this callus induction medium supplemented with 2.5 mg·L−1 thidiazuron (TDZ) was optimal for callus proliferation. The maximum number of shoots (25.7) was obtained when the callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L−1 BA and 0.2 mg·L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest number of roots per shoot (6.2) and highest rooting frequency (82.0%) were obtained when adventitious shoots were inoculated on MS medium with 0.05 mg·L−1 NAA. Regenerated plantlets were transferred to a mixture of vermiculite and soil and acclimated in a greenhouse. The survival rate of the transplanted plantlets was about 91.6%. The rate of ex vitro rooting was 83.3%, indicating that this technique is effective for root induction in H. turgida. This study has established a rapid and efficient micropropagation system that can be beneficial for commercial cultivation and germplasm conservation of H. turgida.

scholarly journals Induction of Callogenesis, Organogenesis, and Embryogenesis in Non-Meristematic Explants of Bleeding Heart and Evaluation of Chemical Diversity of Key Metabolites from Callus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5826
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Alicja Tymoszuk
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Explant Type ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Lamprocapnos Spectabilis

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara is a perennial plant species valued in the horticultural, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical markets. To date, however, there were no studies on tissue culture systems in this species when adjusted from non-meristematic explants. The aim of this study is to induce callogenesis, organogenesis, and somatic embryogenesis in non-meristematic explants of Lamprocapnos spectabilis ‘Alba’ cultured in various media and to analyze the chemical diversity of the produced callus. Leaf, petiole, and internode explants were cultured on the modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with various combinations and concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and picloram (PIC). After 10 weeks of culturing, the morphogenetic response of explants was evaluated and the concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and polyphenols in callus was analyzed. There was no influence of explant type on the callogenesis efficiency (62.1–65.3%). The highest fresh weight of callus was produced on leaf explants in the presence of 2,4-D or PIC. In contrast, the highest share of dry weight was found in internode-derived calli and cultured on IAA-supplemented medium (up to 30.8%). Only 2.5% of all explants regenerated adventitious shoots, while rhizogenesis was reported in 4.5% of explants. Somatic embryos were produced indirectly by 0% to 100% of explants, depending on the culture medium and explant type. The highest mean number of embryos (11.4 per explant) was found on petioles cultured in the MS medium with 0.5 mg·L−1 BA and 1.0 mg·L−1 PIC. Calli cultured in media with NAA usually contained a higher content of primary and secondary metabolites. There was also a significant impact of explant type on the content of anthocyanins, polyphenols, and carotenoids in callus. Further studies should focus on the elicitation of metabolites production in callus culture systems of the bleeding heart.

scholarly journals 883 PB 279 REGENERATING ADVENTITIOUS PLANTS FROM IN VITRO CULTURE OF LIATRIS SPICATA (L.) WILLD. COTYLEDONS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 560d-560
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Stimart ◽  
John C. Mather
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Micropropagated Plants

Cotyledons from developing embryos 6 to 8 weeks old of Liatris spicata (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, and 44.4 μ M benzyladenine (BA) or 0, 0.2, 2.2, and 22.2 μ M thidiazuron (TDZ) to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percent of cotyledons forming shoots with highest shoot counts was on medium containing 2.2 μ M TDZ. Vitreous shoots formed on medium with 22.2 μ M TDZ. Callus derived from cotyledons and cultured on medium containing 4.44 μ M BA or 2.2 μ M TDZ formed adventitious shoots with highest shoot counts on 4.44 μ M BA. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons and callus were rooted on MS medium with 5.0 μ Mindole-3-butyric acid, acclimatized and grown ex vitro. All micropropagated plants appeared similar to each other.

scholarly journals Regenerating Adventitious Shoots from in Vitro Culture of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. Cotyledons

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Stimart ◽  
John C. Mather
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Homogeneous Chemical

Cotyledons from developing 6- to 8-week-old embryos of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, or 44.4 μm BA or 0, 0.2, 2.2, or 22.2 μm TDZ to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percentage of cotyledons forming the most shoots was on medium containing 2.2 μm TDZ. Cotyledon-derived callus cultured on medium containing 4.4 μm BA formed ≈16 times more adventitious shoots than on 2.2 μm TDZ. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons or callus produced roots when placed on MS medium containing 5.0 μm IBA. Regenerated plants that flowered in the field appeared homogeneous. Chemical names used: N6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Isolated culture of A. reptance L., its’ morphological and growth features

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Elen Poghosyan ◽  
Naira Sahakyan ◽  
Margarit Petrosyan ◽  
Irina Batlutskaya ◽  
Karen Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

A growing demand for the ecologically pure products brings us for searching novel biotechnological approaches for plant cultivation. One of these approaches is the in vitro cultivation and further acclimatization of valuable plant species. The object of our investigation was Ajugareptance L. ornamental plant which possesses high metabolic activity. In vitro cultivation was carried out applying Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and its modifications. Acclimatization of in vitro plants was implemented according Hazarika. In the presence of twice higher concentration of cytokinins over auxins and 0.2 mg/ml gibberellins callus culture was formed from the leaf explants. Callus tissue was formed in the presence of 0.2 mg/ml kinetin and 2 mg/ml indole-3-acetic acid which has denser structure than the first one. The shoot formation was observed on callus cultures growing on the same medium approximately after 5th passage. Callus culture growth was supported also by the adding of 2 mg/ml 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. For the micropropagation, the already formed shoots were transferred to the nutrient medium which contains only 0.1 mg/ml 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid as a phytohormone. A. reptans culture has high regenerative ability and the micro-propagation index was 104 – 105. In vitro regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized to the soil conditions during two-week period.

scholarly journals Adventitious Shoot Regeneration and Rooting of Prunus serotina In Vitro Cultures

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Espinosa ◽  
Paula M. Pijut ◽  
Charles H. Michler
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Number Of Shoots

A complete regeneration protocol was developed for Prunus serotina Ehrh., an important hardwood species for timber and sawlog production in the central and eastern United States. Nodal sections were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.44 μm 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 0.49 μm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and 0.29 μm gibberellic acid (GA3). In vitro leaf explants of three genotypes were placed on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 0, 2.27, 4.54, or 6.81 μm thidiazuron (TDZ) in combination with 0, 0.54, 1.07, or 5.37 μm naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and on WPM supplemented with 0, 4.44, 8.88, or 13.32 μm BA in combination with 0, 0.54, 1.07, or 5.37 μm NAA. Cultures were maintained either in continuous darkness for 5 weeks, or in the dark for 3 weeks and then transferred to a 16-hour photoperiod. TDZ and the genotype had a significant effect on the number of shoots regenerated. The maximum mean number of shoots regenerated per explant (5.05 ± 1.14) was obtained with 2.27 μm TDZ plus 0.54 μm NAA with the 3-week dark period then light treatment. The highest percent shoot regeneration (38.3) and mean number of shoots (4.13 ± 0.97) was obtained with 6.81 μm TDZ plus 1.07 μm NAA. The highest rooting (27%) of adventitious shoots and number of roots per shoot (2.3 ± 0.2) was obtained with 2.5 μm IBA when shoots were maintained for 7 days in the dark on rooting medium before transfer to a 16-hour photoperiod. The highest rooting (70%) of nodal explant-derived stock cultures and number of roots per shoot (2.7 ± 0.9) was also obtained with 2.5 μm IBA, but when shoots were maintained for 4 days in the dark before transfer to a 16-hour photoperiod. In total, 86% of the plantlets survived acclimatization to the greenhouse and 100% survival after overwintering in cold-storage.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Morphogenic Response of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Poir. Using Mature Zygotic Embryos Explants

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussien H. Daffalla ◽  
Eltayb Abdellatef ◽  
Elsadig A. Elhadi ◽  
Mutasim M. Khalafalla
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Boscia Senegalensis

The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0–5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0% of excised shoots were rooted either on 1/2 MS medium augmented with or without 0.25 mg/L IBA. The highest number of roots (1.2 ± 0.4) and root length (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) was produced on 0.25 mg/L IBA-containing medium. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the green house with 70% survival rate. All the plants appeared morphologically uniform with normal growth pattern. A rapid (30 days), efficient and without subculturing protocol for in vitro regeneration of B. senegalensis was developed.

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