Influence of heat stress on the reproduction rates of sows of the Poltava meat breed, depending on the genotype

The article deals with the issues of the influence of heat stress that occurs in the summer on the indicators characterizing the reproductive qualities. Purebred sows of tested Poltava meat breed of different genotypes were investigated: Group I - individuals-offspring obtained by the method of introductory crossing using the blood of early maturing meat breed (blood content 12.5 %), Group II - individuals obtained by the method of introductory crossing using the blood of the Finnish Landrace (blood content of 12.5 %). It was found that in sows of the Poltava meat breed with the blood of early maturing meat breed, the number of live piglets at birth significantly exceeds the indices of sows with the blood of the Finnish Landrace by 8.27 % at p≤0.05. According to the analysis of Cv, these natural and technological conditions had the greatest influence on the duration of the service period in sows of Group I. Wherein, the least influence of these natural and technological conditions was found for the indicator of the duration of pregnancy. Animals with the blood of an early maturing meat breed were more adaptable to these natural and technological conditions.

New bacilli-based probiotic for aquaculture: efficacy study on Macrobrachium rosenbergii

The data on the study of the effectiveness of a new probiotic based on strains B. toyonensis B-13249 and B. pumilus B-13250 when growing shrimps are presented. The experiments were carried out on a private farm in Kazakhstan. The control group of shrimps, which did not receive the probiotic, completed the molting process on the 28th day of the experiment, and the experimental group – 10 days earlier. It was also found that the probiotic has a positive effect on the hydrochemistry of water in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The concentration of ammonium (NH3/NH4 +), nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3-) nitrogen in the experimental group did not reach the limit value, in contrast to the control. Based on the obtained results, this probiotic can be recommended for greening aquaculture. The dosage of the probiotic when applied with brine shrimp as feed for shrimp is 1 g/100 g of dry cysts. The dosage of the probiotic when the RAS is added to the water is 5 g/600 l of circulating water once a week.

Experience of using sewage sludge in soil for green building

Wastewater sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants in Nizhny Novgorod and soils based on them, prepared with different ratios of sludge, sawdust and peat, have been investigated. Sewage sludge-based soils contain plant nutrients and are suitable for use as fertilizing materials in green building. Under the conditions of a three-year lysimetric experiment on cereal lawn grasses, a significant efficiency of organic soils was noted in comparison with traditional soils. The lawn maintenance regime revealed differences in the mixtures of fertilizing materials in terms of the effect on the productivity of the phytocenosis. Use of sewage sludge containing large amounts of heavy metals as one of the soil components undoubtedly leads to increase in the amount of these toxic elements in the soil as a whole.

Assessment of the sustainability of multipliers as the core of the region's agroeconomic system

This article examines the role of multipliers – subsectors of agriculture, as the core of the agroeconomic system of any region, using the example of the Ural Federal Okrug, and also evaluates their sustainability based on materials from 2010-2015. Three basic subsectors are analyzed as multipliers: grain production, dairy farming and poultry farming. As a result of the author's calculations using the appropriate methods, a conclusion was drawn about the dependence of the basic industries on each other, as well as on the market model in a particular territory.

Development of functional caramel using system packages MathLab

The article presents substantiation for expanding the market for functional food products, in particular, confectionery - caramel. Proper nutrition is an integral part of a modern person diet; due to their properties, they increase the immunity and immune status of a person. The aim of the work is to create composite mixtures for sugar-free caramel using modern software. The studies were carried out using the MathLab software package, in particular the Statistica 10.0 software. A methodology for creating recipes using system packages has been developed. To enrich the caramel, the following components were selected: apple juice, coltsfoot extract, orange juice, mint and burdock extract, cranberry and lingonberry juices. An optimal recipe has been designed and equations are presented for calculating the dosages of the components of the enriched sugar-free caramel based on a natural sweetener isomalt with the addition of plant-based additives containing macro and micronutrients necessary for the normal functioning of the human body with a diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus.

Application of photometry for diagnostics of nitrogen nutrition in spring barley

The article discusses a method for diagnosing nitrogen nutrition of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in different phases of the growing season using a photometric device (N-tester) Yara. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Moscow region (Russia) on the Mikhailovsky spring barley variety on sod-podzolic medium loamy soils with a high and medium content of phosphorus and potassium and a low content of humus (1.9). The agrometeorological conditions of the growing season of spring barley were characterized by sharp fluctuations in air temperature and the amount of precipitation over decades of the month and in comparison with average long-term observations. Abundant and prolonged precipitation during the grain ripening phase led to lodging in most of the experiments, which affected the yield. To diagnose crops, a model experiment was laid with the introduction of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers into pre-sowing cultivation with a step of 30, at which the dose of nitrogen ranged from 30 to 150 kg/ha. Diagnostics was carried out in three phases of vegetation: tube emergence ((Z42), earing (Z55), milk ripeness of grain (Z73) with the Yara N-tester and with the help of stem diagnostics according to the modified method of V. Zerling. The results of photometric diagnostics in the stemming phase (Z42) have a strong correlation with the yield of spring barley grain and with the results of stem diagnostics (R = 0.85). Wherein, the N-tester readings in the earing phase (Z55) and milk ripeness of grain (Z73) with yield R = 0.23 and R = 0.17, respectively, have a weak correlation. This is possibly due to lodging of crops and a change in yield, not as a result of poor plant nutrition, but with difficult mechanized harvesting.

Index of epithelization rate of thermal burns in laboratory animals when application of the “acerbin” preparation

Thermal burns in animals represent an urgent problem for veterinary medicine, since the anti-burn drugs available on the world pharmacological market are not always adapted for use on animals and are approved for use in veterinary medicine. In this regard, the aim of the work was to use the wound healing spray “Acerbin” for medical purposes in the treatment of thermal burns and to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy by the rate of epithelialization of burn defects in the skin in laboratory animals. The work was carried out at the Department of Surgery and Therapy of the Kursk State Agricultural Academy, on laboratory white mice in the amount of 60 individuals, in which thermal burns were simulated in the croup and treated with applications of the Acerbin spray. To assess the rate of growth of epithelialization, planimetric measurements of the area of burns were carried out before treatment on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 14th days of treatment, as well as the corresponding mathematical calculations of the rate of reduction of burn defects. According to the research results, it was found that when applying the Acerbin spray, the burn rate index on the 3rd day was 0.25 ± 0.06; on the 5th day 0.58 ± 0.03; on the 7th day 0.74 ± 0.01; on the 10th day 0.86 ± 0.02; on the 14th day 0.95 ± 0.01. Thus, at the end of the therapeutic period, the index of the epithelialization rate of thermal burns approached the most physiologically justified numerical expression equal to “1.0”, which allows it to be recommended for use in veterinary medicine as the preparation of choice for the treatment of thermal burns of the skin in animals.

Ways to improve poultry productivity

The article draws attention to the fact that the vitamin feed additive Introvit A+WS is an effective complex in its composition, consisting of 12 fat-and water-soluble vitamins, 18 essential and replaceable amino acids and 9 macro-and microelements that affect not only stability to various infectious diseases, but also to increase the meat productivity of young poultry. In recent years, industrially produced vitamins have become increasingly widespread, as well as feed additives used as a means of increasing animal productivity, reducing the cost of protein feed and increasing the efficiency of using feed nutrients. The vitamin feed additive Introvit A+WS in the indicated doses under production conditions had a positive effect on the weight gain of broilers and on the preservation of the poultry population, therefore, it shall be widely used in industrial poultry farming.

Assessment of food security of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

Ensuring food security and promoting the development of agriculture are included in the priority goals of sustainable development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2035. The structural complexity and multidimensionality of food security in the region requires a clear methodology for its assessment. The article presents the results of a study of food security in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. This study is based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods for assessing food security in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The authors proposed a methodology for assessing the food security of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, which makes it possible to translate a phased multivariate analysis (the methodology was tested on the example of the Chukotka Autonomous Region).

Influence of the concentrations of essential and toxic elements in the blood serum on the indicators of sperm quality in Arabian purebred stallions

Analysis of trace elements in blood serum can be an important tool for monitoring micronutrient supply in stallions in order to maintain reproductive health. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the concentrations of macro- and microelements in the blood serum of stud stallions with the qualitative characteristics of fresh sperm and sperm after cryopreservation and thawing. The studies were carried out on purebred Arabian stallions (n=50). As a biomaterial for studies, we used blood serum, fresh and thawed sperm after cryopreservation. The elemental composition of seminal plasma was determined by 25 chemical elements Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn Ca, K, Mg, P, B, Li, Si, V Na, Ni, Sn, Hg, Sr, Al, As, Cd, Pb) by ICP-DRC-MS methods. It was found that the concentrations of Mg and Co in the blood serum positively correlate with the qualitative characteristics of the sperm of Arabian purebred stallions. Wherein, the optimal range of concentrations of Mg in the blood serum, typical for stallions with relatively high indicators of sperm quality, is 22.64 to 27.05 μg/g; Co – 0.001 to 0.0015 μg/g.