Gamma Ray Tomography Measurements of Soil Density Variations in Soil Cores

2015 ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Brown ◽  
M. L. Stone ◽  
J. E. Gazin ◽  
S. R. Clinkscales
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Soil Density

Studies of the surface type gamma-ray backscatter soil density gauges using collimation and spectrometry techniques

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.H. McDougall ◽  
W.L. Dunn ◽  
R.P. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Surface Type

Monte-Carlo simulation of gamma-ray backscatter soil density gauges

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.C. Hopkins ◽  
R.P. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Density

DEVELOPMENT OF COMPACTION PATTERNS DUE TO MACHINERY OPERATION IN AN ORCHARD SOIL

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. V. RAGHAVAN ◽  
E. MCKYES ◽  
M. CHASSÉ ◽  
F. MÉRINEAU
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Compaction Test ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Ray Density

A series of tests was performed in a field, freshly prepared and ready for the planting of new trees, to study the pattern of soil density changes under different loads, soil conditions, tire sizes and numbers of passes using a gamma-ray density meter. The change in soil bulk density varied from 0.08 g/cc to 0.48 g/cc for increasing numbers of traverses of tractor and sprayer. The soil bulk density achieved after 15 passes with a tractor and sprayer approximated both the maximum bulk density obtained with a standard Proctor compaction test and the maximum bulk density that has been observed in adjacent orchards that are 30–40 yr old.

scholarly journals Gamma ray transmission for hydraulic conductivity measurement of undisturbed soil columns

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Camargo Moreira ◽  
Otávio Portezan Filho ◽  
Fábio Henrique Moraes Cavalcante ◽  
Melayne Martins Coimbra ◽  
Carlos Roberto Appoloni
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Transmission Technique ◽  
Homogeneous Soil

This work had the objective to determine the Hydraulic Conductivity K(theta) function for different depth levels z, of columns of undisturbed soil, using the gamma ray transmission technique applied to the Sisson method. The results indicated a growing behavior for K(theta) and a homogeneous soil density, both in relation to the increase of the depth. The methodology of gamma ray transmission showed satisfactory results on the determination of the hydraulic conductivity in columns of undisturbed soil, besides being very reliable and a nondestructive method.

scholarly journals Integration of Ground- Penetrating Radar and Gamma-Ray Detectors for Nonintrusive Characterisation of Buried Radioactive Objects

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2743
Author(s):  
Ikechukwu K. Ukaegbu ◽  
Kelum A. A. Gamage ◽  
Michael D. Aspinall
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Radioactive Wastes ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Gamma Ray Detectors ◽  
Density Relationship ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

The characterisation of buried radioactive wastes is challenging because they are not readily accessible. Therefore, this study reports on the development of a method for integrating ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and gamma-ray detector measurements for nonintrusive characterisation of buried radioactive objects. The method makes use of the density relationship between soil permittivity models and the flux measured by gamma ray detectors to estimate the soil density, depth and radius of a disk-shaped buried radioactive object simultaneously. The method was validated using numerical simulations with experimentally-validated gamma-ray detector and GPR antenna models. The results showed that the method can simultaneously retrieve the soil density, depth and radius of disk-shaped radioactive objects buried in soil of varying conditions with a relative error of less than 10%. This result will enable the development of an integrated GPR and gamma ray detector tool for rapid characterisation of buried radioactive objects encountered during monitoring and decontamination of nuclear sites and facilities.

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