scholarly journals The Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: A Comparison of the United States and Canada

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Alberini ◽  
Alan Krupnick ◽  
Maureen L. Cropper ◽  
Nathalie B. Simon ◽  
Joseph Cook
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals The Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: A Comparison of the United States and Canada

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Alberini ◽  
Alan Krupnick ◽  
Maureen L. Cropper ◽  
Nathalie B. Simon ◽  
Joseph Cook
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Building a Set of Internationally Comparable Value of Statistical Life Studies: Estimates of Chinese Willingness to Pay to Reduce Mortality Risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Hoffmann ◽  
Alan Krupnick ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Of Statistical Life ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Payment Card ◽  
Statistical Life ◽  
Chinese Study

This study is the eighth in a series of stated-preference studies designed to enhance the basis for international benefits transfer of value of statistical life (VSL) estimates. The series has fielded essentially similar stated-preference surveys in Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Mongolia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. This Chinese study estimates the willingness to pay for contemporaneous and future mortality risk reductions of residents of Shanghai, Jiujiang, and Nanning, China using a stated-preference payment-card survey. The pooled VSL for a contemporaneous reduction in annual mortality risk reduction of 5 in 10,000 is about 1.47 million 2009 yuan ($614,805 U.S. $2016), with income elasticities of 0.2 to 0.25. This VSL estimate is at the lower end of estimates from the eight countries, between those from Mongolia and Japan, and in the mid-range of estimates of willingness to pay (WTP) for mortality risk reductions as a percentage of household income. We find lower discount rates in the Mongolia, Japan, and China studies than in those fielded in North America or Europe. The study also explores the relative performance of dichotomous choice and stated-preference card elicitation methods in a middle income country setting and develops a computerized “payment card” that allows testing for anchoring. Implicit transfer elasticities across countries, calculated using the VSLs we estimate and each country’s income, relative to those of the United States, yields estimates of 0.88–0.95 for the lower income countries. These compare with the default assumption of 1.0 or assumed elasticities of 1.2 for developing countries.

scholarly journals Identification of Vulnerable Populations and Areas at Higher Risk of COVID-19-Related Mortality during the Early Stage of the Epidemic in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4021
Author(s):  
Esteban Correa-Agudelo ◽  
Tesfaye B. Mersha ◽  
Adam J. Branscum ◽  
Neil J. MacKinnon ◽  
Diego F. Cuadros
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Average ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
White Population ◽  
Latino Population ◽  
Related Mortality

We characterized vulnerable populations located in areas at higher risk of COVID-19-related mortality and low critical healthcare capacity during the early stage of the epidemic in the United States. We analyze data obtained from a Johns Hopkins University COVID-19 database to assess the county-level spatial variation of COVID-19-related mortality risk during the early stage of the epidemic in relation to health determinants and health infrastructure. Overall, we identified highly populated and polluted areas, regional air hub areas, race minorities (non-white population), and Hispanic or Latino population with an increased risk of COVID-19-related death during the first phase of the epidemic. The 10 highest COVID-19 mortality risk areas in highly populated counties had on average a lower proportion of white population (48.0%) and higher proportions of black population (18.7%) and other races (33.3%) compared to the national averages of 83.0%, 9.1%, and 7.9%, respectively. The Hispanic and Latino population proportion was higher in these 10 counties (29.3%, compared to the national average of 9.3%). Counties with major air hubs had a 31% increase in mortality risk compared to counties with no airport connectivity. Sixty-eight percent of the counties with high COVID-19-related mortality risk also had lower critical care capacity than the national average. The disparity in health and environmental risk factors might have exacerbated the COVID-19-related mortality risk in vulnerable groups during the early stage of the epidemic.

scholarly journals Freedom Fries

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Michaels ◽  
Xiaojia Zhi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Us

Do firms always choose the cheapest suitable inputs, or can group attitudes affect their choices? To investigate this question, we examine the deterioration of relations between the United States and France from 2002–2003, when France's favorability rating in the US fell by 48 percentage points. We estimate that the worsening attitudes reduced bilateral trade by about 9 percent and that trade in inputs probably declined similarly, by about 8 percent. We use these estimates to calculate the average decrease in firms' willingness to pay for French (or US) commodities when attitudes worsened. (JEL D24, F13, F14, L14, L21)

Education and Mortality Risk Among Hispanic Adults in the United States

2007 ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. McKinnon ◽  
Robert A. Hummer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hispanic Adults

scholarly journals The Willingness to Pay for Local, Domestic, and Imported Bundled Fresh Produce by Online Shoppers

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Jean D. Gumirakiza ◽  
Taylor Choate
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Interest Level ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Locally Grown

This study applies a Censored Normal Tobit Model on the 2016 survey data from 1,205 online shoppers in the South region of the United States to explain their Willingness To Pay (WTP) for a bundle of fresh produce from different origins. This study indicates that online shoppers are willing to pay $6.91, $6.38, and $5.22 for four pounds of bundled fresh produce that are locally, domestically grown, and imported respectively. We found that income category, interests in online shopping, interest level for local, interest level for organic, and monthly spending on fresh produce have a significant positive impact on the WTP for locally grown fresh produce. Results indicate that being married, high income, interests in online shopping, interests in local produce, interests in organic, and the monthly spending on fresh produce increase the WTP for domestically grown fresh produce, while age and being a female diminishes it. We further found that age, being a female, and interest in the freshness of the produce decrease the WTP for imported produce. Based on the findings from this study, we have suggested a couple of marketing implications and suggestions.

scholarly journals Family Socioeconomic Status and Early Life Mortality Risk in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1382-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Braudt ◽  
Elizabeth M. Lawrence ◽  
Andrea M. Tilstra ◽  
Richard G. Rogers ◽  
Robert A. Hummer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status

scholarly journals Willingness to pay for whole turkey attributes during Thanksgiving holiday shopping in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 2798-2810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney L. Bir ◽  
Nicole J. Olynk Widmar ◽  
Melissa K. Davis ◽  
Marisa A. Erasmus ◽  
Stacy Zuelly
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Prospective Study of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure and Mortality Risk in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 178 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-W. Lin ◽  
D. C. Wheeler ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
M. Spriggs ◽  
A. R. Hollenbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure
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