scholarly journals On the Ends of the State: Stationary Bandits and the Time Horizon in Eastern Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soeren Henn ◽  
Christian Mugaruka ◽  
Miguel Ortiz ◽  
Raul Sanchez de la Sierra ◽  
David Wu
Keyword(s):  
Time Horizon ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Congo

scholarly journals On the Ends of the State: Stationary Bandits and the Time Horizon in Eastern Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soeren Henn ◽  
Christian Mastaki Mugaruka ◽  
Miguel Ortiz ◽  
Raúl Sánchez de la Sierra ◽  
David Qihang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Time Horizon ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Congo

scholarly journals On the Ends of the State: Stationary Bandits and the Time Horizon in Eastern Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soeren Henn ◽  
Christian Mugaruka ◽  
Miguel Ortiz ◽  
Raul Sanchez de la Sierra ◽  
David Wu
Keyword(s):  
Time Horizon ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Congo

On the Origins of the State: Stationary Bandits and Taxation in Eastern Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Sánchez de la Sierra
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Eastern Congo

scholarly journals Existence and non-existence for time-dependent mean field games with strong aggregation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cirant ◽  
Daria Ghilli
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
State Space ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Existence Of Solutions ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
The State ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Classical Solutions ◽  
Mean Field Games ◽  
Quadratic Mean

AbstractWe investigate the existence of classical solutions to second-order quadratic Mean-Field Games systems with local and strongly decreasing couplings of the form $$-\sigma m^\alpha $$ - σ m α ,$$\alpha \ge 2/N$$ α ≥ 2 / N , where m is the population density and N is the dimension of the state space. We prove the existence of solutions under the assumption that $$\sigma $$ σ is small enough. For large $$\sigma $$ σ , we show that existence may fail whenever the time horizon T is large.

scholarly journals Climate science, the politics of climate change and futures of IR

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-390
Author(s):  
Richard Beardsworth
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Basic Argument

This article considers what is necessary politically to respond to the empirical challenge of climate change and to the present calls of climate science (a carbon-neutral world by 2050). Its basic argument is that, among an array of national and international actors, it remains the state that can drive a successful politics of climate change. Without the heavy-lifting of the state and the state’s ability as a national entity to motivate behavioural change, neither the daunting scale nor imminent time-horizon of climate mitigation and adaptation is possible. The article shows how this specific argument, far from pitching anew nationalism against internationalism, can bring the two presently polarized movements together. The article then suggests that if these arguments are essentially valid, the discipline of International Relations needs to focus much more on the climate challenge, re-engage with its traditions of thought on the state and help harbour a specific disposition or mindset in the research and teaching of the discipline for the next decades: a fierce optimism.

SPECIFIC OF MEDIUM-TERM BUDGET PLANNING IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Koliada ◽  
◽  
Iryna Hoch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Horizon ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to revealing the peculiarities of medium-term budget planning in Ukraine in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic and the development of proposals for its improvement. Based on the study of the dynamics of forecast budget indicators on the three-year time horizon, it was proved that medium-term budget planning should be considered as a kind of precaution to avoid unreasonable future government spending, which can adversely affect the pace of economic development and the level of well-being of the population of the country. At the same time, the indicators of revenues and expenditures of the budget for the next years are only a forecast that is periodically clarified in the Budget Declaration by the government in accordance with the trends in the economy and taking into account the emerging various factors of influence. With the spread of COVID-19, adjustments were made to the process of formation and implementation of Ukraine’s budget policy. It is proved that the absence of a legislatively approved strategic plan for the development of the country, including in the sphere of public finances, is one of the reasons for moderate progress in achieving the defined goals. At the present stage of Ukraine’s development, there are long-term financial challenges in the budget sphere that cannot be solved within one budget year, which forces the government to move to medium-term budgetary domination for effective management of budget resources. As a result of the study, the internal and external challenges faced by Ukraine in connection with the need to overcome the consequences of the spread of COVID-19 were identified, the need to focus on ensuring strict compliance with the already established deadlines, criteria and procedures in the formation of the state budget and defining urgent goals of medium-term budget planning. The prospect of further research in this direction is to prove the need to introduce long-term budget planning in Ukraine or to extend the time horizon of medium-term budget planning to a five-year period, which should be based on the relevant legal provision of the Basic Law of the State or the Budget Code of Ukraine.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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