scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical characteristics of underground waters in the suture zone of the Ufa brachyanticline and the Pre-Urals foreland basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Alyona Sergeevna KAZANTSEVA ◽  
◽  
Ol’ga Ivanovna KADEBSKAYA ◽  
Yuriy Viktorovich DUBLYANSKIY ◽  
Valeriy Nikolaevich KATAEV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Suture Zone ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Terrigenous Rocks ◽  
Kungurian Stage

During the period of long-term research, since the end of the XIX century, a large hydrogeochemical material has been accumulated within the suture zone of the Ufa brachyanticline and the Pre-Urals foreland basin. There are very few works on studying the conditions of natural water formation from the perspective of modern methodologies based on the study of variations in the isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen within the study area. The main goal of the work is to establish the conditions for the formation of the isotopic and chemical composition of groundwater of the Lower Perm aquifer complex, which is distributed within the suture zone of the Ufa brachyanticline and the Pre-Urals foreland basin, which belongs to the Kishert karst region. The features of the formation of the chemical and isotopic composition of groundwater in the suture zone of the Ufa brachyanticline and the Pre-Urals foreland basin in the Kishert region are analyzed based on data obtained in the period 2017–2018. In the Western part of the region, there is a watered zone associated with tectonic disturbances, where karst water is discharged. The chemical composition of the karst waters of the Kishert region has been studied quite fully. Data on the isotopic composition (deuterium and oxygen–18 content), which has been studied to a lesser extent, were used for a detailed study of the conditions for the formation of groundwater composition. In addition, the chemical and isotopic composition of precipitation and river water is considered. It is shown that the source at the Nizkoe village, discharging near the contact of carbonate-sulfate and terrigenous rocks, is characterized by the НСО3 –SO4 –Ca–Mg composition and mineralization 550,0–738,0 mg/dm3 , the source at the Zuevo village, which unloads within distribution of terrigenous rocks of the Kungurian stage, has a SO4 –Ca composition and high mineralization of 1623,0-2110,0 mg/dm3 . The isotopic composition of the two sources varies within rather narrow limits and is lighter than the weighted average value of atmospheric precipitation, which indicates that these sources are primarily recharge by light snow waters of the winter and spring periods. The waters of the lakes Molebnoe and Proval mainly НСО3 –Ca composition, they are characterized by vertical hydrochemical zonality associated with a change in chemical parameters. An increase in the mineralization of lake water indicates a groundwater inflow from sulfate (Proval lake) and carbonate (Molebnoe lake) sediments of the Kungurian stage. Lake waters have the heaviest and relatively stable composition due to the processes of evaporation from the surface and discharge of deep waters at the bottom of the lakes. The relationship between atmospheric precipitation, river waters and the waters of Proval lake and the source of the village of Nizkoe was established, and for the Zuevsky source only with river waters. A weak correlation was revealed for the Molebnoye lake with precipitation (r = 0,25) and river waters (r = 0,12).

scholarly journals INTERGLACIAL MARKERS FOUND IN USVINSKAYA-1 СAVE (MIDDLE URALS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Olga I. Kadebskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Mineral Formation ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Initial Chemical Composition ◽  
Cave Waters ◽  
Permafrost Thawing

Mineral formation due to water freezing in caves causes supersaturation of the unfrozen part of the solution and deposition of some dissolved compounds in the form of minerals. Evaporation of water and degassing of the solution are associated processes in deposition of minerals. Cryogenic minerals of caves differ in morphology and isotopic composition from similar mineral cave formations not subject to glaciation. The morphology and mineralogy of cryogenic cave minerals depend on the initial chemical composition of karst water, the thickness of the freezing layer of water, and also on the freezing rate. Slow freezing of cave waters at 0°C in permafrost conditions leads to the formation of coarse cryogenic calcite. These carbonates can be used as indicators of permafrost thawing during interglacial periods. Morphological and isotopic study of samples from Usvinskaya-1 Cave (Middle Urals), as well as their 230Th / 234U dating, made it possible to conclude that the calcite is cryogenic. The calcite is represented by aggregates (up to 5 cm in size) of split crystals and spherulites from milky brown to black in color. This calcite, formed during the interglacial periods, indicates the existence of several periods of degrading permafrost in the Middle Urals, namely in the periods MIS9 (295.7 thousand years ago), MIS7 (205.1 thousand years ago), GI23 (approx. 102-104 thousand years ago) and GI22 (89.4-90.0 thousand years ago).

scholarly journals Stable isotopic composition of atmospheric precipitation on the Crimean Peninsula and its controlling factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri V. Dublyansky ◽  
Alexander B. Klimchouk ◽  
Sergey V. Tokarev ◽  
Gennady N. Amelichev ◽  
Lukas Langhamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

scholarly journals Calculation and Prediction of the Total Glacial Melting in Watersheds of Central Asia

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (81) ◽  
pp. 677-678
Author(s):  
V.G. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Seasonal Snow ◽  
Glacier Terminus ◽  
Snow Line

AbstractA computer method for calculating the total melting from May to October has been developed both for a single glacier and for a glacial area. In the second case (which is the more interesting and important for hydrology and glaciology) it is necessary to calculate some characteristics of an “average" glacier of the region using morphometric characteristics included in the Catalogue of the U.S.S.R. glaciers. These are: glacier area; average area of moraine on the glacier; weighted average of heights of upper and lower ends of a glacier and weighted average of mean height of firn line. It is also necessary to obtain data on glacier area distribution by height, precipitation data, and data on air temperature and cloudiness at meteorological stations.In addition to defining typical glacial regions within the limits of the glacial area considered and determination of the “average" glacier characteristics listed above, preparation of the computer programme includes (a) definition of precipitation dependence on orography height and calculation of appropriate parameters, (b) reduction (if necessary) of data obtained from the meteorological station nearest to glacial area to a more prolonged range, (c) calculation of a special balance index of accumulation and melting of seasonal precipitation which makes it possible to define maximum excess of seasonal snow line over the “average" glacier terminus in separate years, and (d) computation of total solar radiation occuring in clear days during May to October.In the course of computation on computer the following operations are realized: (a) determination of an average value of total radiation arriving during months of May to October period given the real cloudiness conditions, (b) calculation of the height of the snow line on the glacier, (c) calculation of quantity and duration of solid atmospheric precipitation which melts between May and October on the glacier surface, (d) estimation of absorbed solar radiation taking account of the differing albedo of glacial surfaces situated above and below the seasonal snow line, (e) calculation of the total melting of glaciers belonging to the given mountain watershed.Checking of the calculational method has been performed using data from Lednik Tsentralnyy Tuyuksu and Lednik Ayutor-2 where numerous ablation stakes were installed. Values of measured and calculated melting agree satisfactorily.

Geochemistry and strontium isotopic composition of basalts from the Eastern Deccan volcanic province, India

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (318) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Oliver Alexander ◽  
Dalim K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Crustal Contamination ◽  
Tholeiitic Basalt ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Deccan Volcanic Province ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Element Variation

SummaryTen rather uniform tholeiitic basalt flows totalling a thickness of 190 m from Sagar, India, contain two stratigraphical breaks. Major element variation allows the flows to be grouped into two eruption cycles. Due to intraflow variation, however, chemical composition is unlikely to be useful in widespread correlation of flow sequence. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios vary from 0·7039 to 0·7084 with Rb and Sr averaging 6·5 and 184 ppm respectively and Rb/Sr ratios ranging from 0·002 to 0·224, with no systematic relationship between the initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and other chemical parameters. Bulk crustal contamination is considered unlikely; selective introduction of 87Sr from the granitic basement is postulated.

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