scholarly journals Tendências Globais e Motivações da Apropriação de Terras ou “Land Grabbing” no Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (57) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Sinara Pizzi Martins ◽  
Adelita Rabaioli ◽  
Rosani Marisa Spanevello ◽  
Tanice Andreatta
Keyword(s):  
Land Grabbing

A corrida mundial por terras tem-se acentuado ao longo dos anos, sobretudo, a partir da crise agroalimentar de 2007/2008. Neste trabalho tem-se por objetivo identificar os principais motivos da compra e/ou apropriação de terras no Brasil, por estrangeiros, destacando as principais influências mundiais que propiciam essa maior demanda por terras. A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com o intuito de identificar as principais abordagens que estão sendo desenvolvidas no meio acadêmico sobre o tema. Entre os principais resultados identificou-se que o aumento populacional e de renda, impulsionados pela urbanização crescente, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento tem aquecido a demanda por alimentos, e consequentemente de terras. Nesse sentido, o Brasil torna-se um país alvo de investimentos estrangeiros pela disponibilidade de recursos naturais e a ascensão do agronegócio brasileiro na produção de alimentos. Além disso, é possível concluir que além da garantia da segurança alimentar de seus países, a corrida mundial por terras também possui outras motivações, como os biocombustíveis, florestas, fontes de energias, fundos de investimentos pela valorização da terra, dentre outros. Esse conjunto de interesses possuem características próprias, algumas fortemente políticas, perceptíveis na forma como a estrutura fundiária brasileira foi moldada e vem se moldando.

‘Limping, Yet Made to Climb a Mountain!’ Re-Reading the Vashti Character in the Hiv And Aids South African Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madipoane Masenya (Ngwan’A Mphahlele)
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
External Factor ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
African Women ◽  
South African Context ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Context

The history of the Christian Bible’s reception in South Africa was part of a package that included among others, the importation of European patriarchy, land grabbing and its impoverishment of Africans and challenged masculinities of African men. The preceding factors, together with the history of the marginalization of African women in bible and theology, and how the Bible was and continues to be used in our HIV and AIDS contexts, have only made the proverbial limping animal to climb a mountain. Wa re o e bona a e hlotša, wa e nametša thaba (while limping, you still let it climb a mountain) simply means that a certain situation is being aggravated (by an external factor). In this chapter the preceding Northern Sotho proverb is used as a hermeneutical lens to present an HIV and AIDS gender sensitive re-reading of the Vashti character in the Hebrew Bible within the South African context.

Capital in a Disputed Land

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peer Ghulam Nabi Suhail
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Account ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Water Politics ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
The World ◽  
Land Grabs ◽  
Water Treaty

This chapter provides a detailed account of the Indus Water Treaty and hydropower politics in Kashmir. It argues, that peasants’ narratives are engulfed and ignored in India and Pakistan water-politics and provides a brief account of land-grabs around the world and land-grabbing in conflict zones. Land-grabs in Kashmir cannot only be understood through contemporary land-grabbing framework, hence this chapter also explains the processes, methodology, and significance of this research.

scholarly journals Land Grabbing and the Perplexities of Territorial Sovereignty

2021 ◽  
pp. 009059172110085
Author(s):  
Anna Jurkevics
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Democratic Participation ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Land Dispossession ◽  
Territorial Sovereignty ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Land Grabs ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Philosophical Framework

The recent phenomenon of land grabbing—that is, the large-scale acquisition of private land rights by foreign investors—is an effect of increasing global demand for farmland, resources, and development opportunities. In 2008–2010 alone, land grabs covered approximately 56 million hectares of land, dispossessing and displacing inhabitants. This article proposes a philosophical framework for evaluating land grabbing as a practice of territorial alienation, whereby the private purchase of land can, under certain conditions, lead to a de facto alienation of territorial sovereignty. If land grabs alienate territorial sovereignty, it follows that inhabitants can claim a violation of the people’s right to “permanent sovereignty over natural resources.” However, because sovereignty is entangled in the historical and contemporary causes of land dispossession, I cast doubt on this strategy. Territorially sovereign regimes often undermine democratic land governance by obstructing participation in activities such as zoning, land use, property regulation, and environmental stewardship. These activities, which I theorize as practices of “world-building,” are key to democracy because they give occupants a say in the shape of their common home. The perplexities of sovereignty in matters of land governance suggest that establishing democratic participation in rule over land requires fracturing sovereignty.

scholarly journals What Drives Landowners to Resist Selling Their Land? Insights from Ethical Capitalism and Landowners’ Perceptions

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Malina Petrescu-Mag ◽  
Hamid Rastegari Kopaei ◽  
Dacinia Crina Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Land Acquisitions ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Land Transactions

Foreign land grabbing is acknowledged as a phenomenon that generates disempowerment and dispossession of local farmers, human rights violations. Previous studies have revealed the lack of ethical benchmarks in foreign large-scale land transactions that raise moral concerns. It is evident that when resources are scarce and people depend on them, the balance between values and interests transforms itself into a dilemma. Within this context, the aims of the paper were to bring to the fore critical reflection on a more ethical perspective of large-scale land acquisitions and to extend the scant information on what factors determine landowners not to sell their land to foreigners to limit land grabbing. This context justifies the need for a critical reflection on a more ethical perspective of large-scale land acquisitions. Therefore, two objectives were set. The first one is to document the role of ethics in large-scale land transactions. Based on the land grabbing literature, authors selected a set of eight land grabbing narratives, most often interrelated and overlapping, that pose ethical considerations. The second objective is to reveal how well a set of variables can predict the “Resistance to sell” the land to foreigners even when an attractive price is offered. As ethics is a social construct, the analysis captured the stakeholders’ perspective on land grabbing. Therefore, a questionnaire was applied to a sample of 332 Romanian landowners from twelve randomly selected counties to reveal their perceptions. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to observe how well a set of seven variables could predict landowners’ “Resistance to sell” their land to foreign buyers. The use of PLS-SEM was justified by the existence of single items and the need to examine many structural model relations. Results showed that the variables with the strongest contribution to the prediction of the dependent variable are the “Probability to join an association for farmers rights defense”, the “Importance of the land price offered by the potential foreign buyer”, and the “Perceived effect of agricultural land conversion to urban land”. Raising awareness on the importance of buyer attributes, increasing people’s perception of the negative effect of agricultural land conversion to urban land, or strengthening the state’s image as a necessary actor to limit land grabbing will increase landowners’ resistance to sell their land to foreigners. Finally, it can be inferred that, within this frame of discussion, ethics should be valued as a means to create economically viable and morally justifiable solutions for foreign large-scale land transactions.

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