A Review of the Research on Mongolia’s Perception of China

Mutual perception is an important indicator of the degree of closeness between countries, and it can more intuitively reflect the degree of mutual favorability between the two peoples and the perception of each other's national image. Mongolia's perception of China is an important fundamental aspect in the bilateral relations. This article reviews and examines the current research status of the given topic in academic circles. In general, (1) The public opinion surveys of some research institutes on Mongolia’s perception of China are relatively objective and neutral, so their survey results have higher reference value and application value. (2) Regarding the specific studies of Mongolia’s perception of China, some studies are relatively neutral, objective and of keen insights, and some are difficult to divorce from the perspective of the ‘self’ or the western interpretation mode, often presuppose their positions and tend to place too much emphasis on historical and cultural factors. Mongolia's perception of China is the result of the interaction of various factors mainly including history, emotion/psychology, realistic issues, and external factor. Хятадын талаарх монголчуудын ойлголтын тухай судалгааны тойм Хураангуй: Монголчуудын Хятадын талаарх ойлголтын тухай асуудал бол хоёр улсын харилцааны чухал сэдвийн нэг байдаг. Энэхүү өгүүлэл нь академик судалгааны хүрээнд уг сэдвийн судалгааны өнөөгийн байдлыг ангилан дүгнэж харуулах юм. Ерөнхийдөө: (1) судалгааны байгууллагуудын монголчуудын Хятадыг танин мэдэх ойлголттой холбоотой тоо баримт санал асуулга харьцангуй бодитой, тийм учраас судалгааны үр дүн хэрэглээний ач холбогдол өндөр гэж үзэж болно. (2) Хятадын талаарх монголчуудын ойлголтын тухай нарийвчилсан судалгаанаас харахад, зарим судалгаа харьцангуй бодитой төвийг сахисан, гүнзгийрүүлж судалсан байдаг ч зарим судалгаа нь нэг талыг барьсан, соёл хоорондын мөргөлдөөний онолоор тайлбарлаж, анхнаасаа байр суурь дүгнэлт нь тодорхой, хэт түүх соёлын хүчин зүйлийг дөвийлгөсөн шинжтэй байдаг. Монголчуудын Хятадыг танин мэдэх ойлголт нь түүх, сэтгэл зүй, бодит нөхцөл байдал, гадаад хүчин зүйлс зэргийн харилцан үйлчлэлийн үр дүнд бүрэлдсэн юм. Түлхүүр үгс: Монгол, Хятадыг танин мэдэх ойлголт, судалгаа, онцлог

ANALISIS KINERJA UMKM SKALA LOKAL

Currently, MSMEs continue to make improvements so that their productivity continues to increase. From year to year there are no Micro Enterprises that are able to advance to class. The low performance and productivity of MSMEs, especially Micro Enterprises, is certainly caused by several things. This will be described in this paper. carried out on MSMEs assisted by the Nurjalin Cilacap Foundation, totaling 16 MSMEs and spread in 4 provinces throughout Indonesia. The method used for sampling is the purposive random sampling method, where the sampling is random, but there are certain limiting criteria related to the suitability of the research objectives and is only limited to MSMEs assisted by the Nurjalin Cilacap Foundation. The number of samples taken entirely from the existing population or known as saturated sampling technique. The conclusion of this study is that the Individual Characteristic variable has a positive and significant effect on Performance and the External Factor variable has a negative and significant effect on Performance.

Costly Signals?

Developed states increasingly turned to democracy assistance strategies as the Cold War came to an end. A number of recent studies conclude that such aid positively affected democratization in recipients. But, like foreign aid, democracy assistance allocations are subject to change, sometimes dramatically. In foreign aid, sudden, sizable reductions – or aid shocks (e.g., Nielsen et al. 2011) – can have severe consequences, precipitating conflict in the recipient state. How do democracy aid shocks affect recipient states? This analysis examines the effects of sudden withdrawals of democracy aid – or democracy aid shocks – by the U.S. on recipient regime behavior, specifically, their treatment of citizens and civil society groups. We argue that democracy aid shocks trigger repressive action by recipients resulting in harmful human rights practices by the regime. Examining U.S. democracy aid to the developing world from 1982-2013, we find that, after controlling for other relevant factors likely to affect the human rights practices of a regime, democracy aid shocks are associated with subsequent repression of human rights in the recipient state. Our analysis thus sheds light on an external factor affecting human rights practices within states, as well as an important element of the consequences of democracy aid decisions. We conclude by assessing the implications for democracy promotion strategies and human rights behavior.

Analisis Faktor Eksternal Yang Dominan Terhadap Biaya Overhead Proyek Konstruksi

ABSTRACTOverhead costs are one of the cost components that play an important role in the company's performance in maintaining good quality work. However, the overhead costs in a project are different and are influenced by several factors. One of the factors that influence it is the external factor of the project. The external factors of each project are different. This is because each project must adapt the workplace environment to certain functions, designs, and preferences. On that basis, to be able to better estimate the overhead in a project, further costs are needed for any external factors that affect construction overhead project costs, and a few percent of the direct costs of construction projects to anticipate the risks caused by overhead costs. . Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to some people working in the construction sector from contractors in several regions in Indonesia. The analysis results obtained as many as 3 groups of external factors that affect construction project overhead costs, namely economic factors, legal factors, and sociocultural factors related to the COVID-19 pandemicABSTRAKBiaya overhead merupakan salah satu komponen biaya yang berperan dan berpengaruh penting terhadap kinerja perusahaan konstruksi dalam menjaga kualitas pekerjaan yang baik. Akan tetapi biaya overhead dalam suatu proyek berbeda-beda, dan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya ialah faktor eksternal proyek. Faktor eksternal dari setiap proyek berbeda-beda. Hal ini dikarenakan setiap proyek harus menyesuaikan lingkungan tempat kerja dengan fungsi, desain, serta prefensi tertentu. Atas dasar itu, untuk dapat lebih baik dalam mengestimasi biaya overhead dalam sebuah proyek maka diperlukan identifikasi lebih jauh terhadap faktor-faktor eksternal apa saja yang dominan berpengaruh terhadap biaya overhead proyek konstruksi, dan menyisihkan beberapa persen dari biaya langsung proyek konstruksi untuk mengantisipasi resiko yang disebabkan oleh biaya overhead. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur yang disebarkan kepada sejumlah orang yang bekerja di bidang konstruksi dari pihak kontraktor di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh sebanyak 3 kelompok faktor eksternal yang dominan mempengaruhi biaya overhead proyek konstruksi, yaitu faktor ekonomi, faktor legal, dan faktor sosial-budaya yang juga berkenaan dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19.

Thermostability of lysozyme amyloid fibrils

Ordered protein aggregates, amyloid fibrils, are a marker of many serious diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, prion diseases, etc. At present, special attention is paid to the study of external influences that can affect the structure and stability of mature amyloid fibrils, which may be in demand in the development of approaches to the therapy of amyloidosis, as well as in the creation of new high-strength materials on the basis of these protein aggregates. An external factor, the influence of which on fibrils was studied in this work, was temperature denaturation. It was shown that heating lysozyme amyloid fibrils to 60 °C does not lead to their degradation, but leads only to a reversible increase in the intramolecular mobility of amyloid-forming proteins, but does not change their morphology. At the same time, boiling of lysozyme amyloids leads to their irreversible degradation, which occurs at least 5 days after exposure: fibrils that form larger clusters change their secondary structure, and fibrils with a lesser degree of clustering are divided into separate fibers. Obtained data about the factors that change the stability and structure of amyloids can be applied in biotechnology for creating new high-strength nanomaterials on their basis.

Indonesian Democracy as A Model for Egypt after The Arab Spring

The Arab Spring in 2011 opened the way for democratization in some Arab countries, including Egypt. Egypt succeeded in overthrowing Hosni Mubarak as the president, but Egypt failed in consolidating democracy after holding a general election in 2012. The main factors of the failure in consolidating democracy in Egypt come from internal and external factors. The internal factor was that Egypt had not been ready for democracy , whereas the external factor was foreign intervention due to national interest. This article analyzes the failure of democratization in Egypt by using Jack Snyder and Georg Sorensen’s theory. In the last part of this article, the writer suggested that Egypt should have learned how to consolidate democracy from Indonesia. Indonesia is the best model of democracy for Egypt due to some reasons. The first one is Indonesia and Egypt near a culturally (religious approach), and the second one is Indonesia's success, as the majority Muslim state, in consolidating democracy since 1998.

An Analysis of Students’ Questioning Skill in English Foreign Language Class

This Research aimed to know the level of questions used by students and to know the student’s factors to ask questions in classroom at sixth semesters at Madako University. This research employed descriptive qualitative research. The samples of the research were five students at class A which were selected purposively. The techniques for collecting data used observation checklist, interview, and documentation. The obtained data were percentage and analyzed based on interactive model of Miles & Huberman, some steps among data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result of the observation showed that C1 (remembering) (13.3%), C2 (understanding) (26.6%), (analyzing) (33.4%), and (evaluating) (26.7%), while analyzing was a level the most frequently used by the students. The result of interview there were two factors namely: internal and external in internal factor the researcher found that Interest and motives of student curiosity. In external factor that the researcher found lecturer’s factor (motivation of the lecturer) and environmental’s factor. Therefore, the researcher conclude that the student at sixth semester at Madako University have the skill of questions in level medium because most of them only used questions analysis, and they have two factors to ask question, they are internal and external factors.

Research on Value Investment of Start-up Companies

This study investigates how investors can strengthen their value investment by applying the SWOT analysis in the Start-up company context. By conducting a constructive study with two cases, we develop a construction for qualitative and quantitative reference information with the help of the literature on Start-ups and value investment, the data on CB insights.com. This reference information for two Start-ups comprises funding data, investors, web traffic, news articles, patent data, and regulatory filings. This study also associates each information element to the internal factor assessment and external factor assessment of two Start-ups and accordingly develops metrics regarding the value investment. In addition, it demonstrates the different nature of two Start-ups for operating business to highlight the divergent value metrics. The key contributions of this study are the developed construction for qualitative and quantitative reference information and concluding that the founding team, market, product, business model, and competition are important factors for the development of Start-up company and investors' decision-making. The results of this study, and particularly the developed criterion, build avenues for further research on Start-ups and value investment.

Students’ Motivation in Learning English Through English Learning Videos Making

Video is a common media to use in teaching English in the past few years. English learning video can be an external factor that influence students’ motivation in studying English. English learning video that was designed by involving students as the actors predicted to have some common sense of belonging. Related to the purpose of the research, the result showed the students were motivated even more by learning English in a class using the video they are involved. Focusing on research methodology, descriptive quantitative research was applied to get the purpose of the research. The result in this study was represented in descriptive percentage.