scholarly journals Measurement of Fabric Handle by Using a Cylindrical Hole of Sponge.(Dept.T)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Hemdan Abou Taleb
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Hole ◽  
Fabric Handle

Assessment of a Double Hole Film Cooling Geometry Using S-PIV and PSP

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley M. Wright ◽  
Stephen T. McClain ◽  
Charles P. Brown ◽  
Weston V. Harmon
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Cylindrical Hole ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Film Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Hole Geometry ◽  
Compound Angle

A novel, double hole film cooling configuration is investigated as an alternative to traditional cylindrical and fanshaped, laidback holes. This experimental investigation utilizes a Stereo-Particle Image Velocimetry (S-PIV) to quantitatively assess the ability of the proposed, double hole geometry to weaken or mitigate the counter-rotating vortices formed within the jet structure. The three-dimensional flow field measurements are combined with surface film cooling effectiveness measurements obtained using Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP). The double hole geometry consists of two compound angle holes. The inclination of each hole is θ = 35°, and the compound angle of the holes is β = ± 45° (with the holes angled toward one another). The simple angle cylindrical and shaped holes both have an inclination angle of θ = 35°. The blowing ratio is varied from M = 0.5 to 1.5 for all three film cooling geometries while the density ratio is maintained at DR = 1.0. Time averaged velocity distributions are obtained for both the mainstream and coolant flows at five streamwise planes across the fluid domain (x/d = −4, 0, 1, 5, and 10). These transverse velocity distributions are combined with the detailed film cooling effectiveness distributions on the surface to evaluate the proposed double hole configuration (compared to the traditional hole designs). The fanshaped, laidback geometry effectively reduces the strength of the kidney-shaped vortices within the structure of the jet (over the entire range of blowing ratios considered). The three-dimensional velocity field measurements indicate the secondary flows formed from the double hole geometry strengthen in the plane perpendicular to the mainstream flow. At the exit of the double hole geometry, the streamwise momentum of the jets is reduced (compared to the single, cylindrical hole), and the geometry offers improved film cooling coverage. However, moving downstream in the steamwise direction, the two jets form a single jet, and the counter-rotating vortices are comparable to those formed within the jet from a single, cylindrical hole. These strong secondary flows lift the coolant off the surface, and the film cooling coverage offered by the double hole geometry is reduced.

General Features of Plastic-Elastic Problems as Exemplified by Some Particular Solutions

1949 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Rodney Hill
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Infinite Medium ◽  
Cylindrical Hole ◽  
Particular Solutions ◽  
Complete Solutions ◽  
Complex Cases

Abstract New complete solutions based upon the Reuss equations are obtained for various plastic-elastic problems. These include the expansion of a spherical shell and of a cylindrical hole in an infinite medium. The solutions are used to exemplify certain features common to all plastic-elastic problems, with a view to introducing valid approximations in more complex cases.

Effects of Film Hole Shape and Turbulence Intensity on the Thermal Field Downstream of Single Row Film Holes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Hui-ren Zhu ◽  
Wei-jiang Xu ◽  
Cun-liang Liu ◽  
Zhuang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Lateral Diffusion ◽  
Cylindrical Hole ◽  
Normal Velocity ◽  
Hole Shape ◽  
Blowing Ratio ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Shaped Hole

Abstract A nylon mesh coated with broadband thermochromic liquid crystal was set in different planes perpendicular to the mainstream direction at various locations downstream of the film hole. By the temperature visualization technique, the colorful non-dimensional temperature images on the nylon mesh of cylindrical hole, water-drop hole and dustpan shaped hole at different blowing ratios and turbulence at angle of 30° and 60° were visualized. The visualization experiment visually studied the effects of hole shape, hole inclination angle, blowing ratio and mainstream turbulence on the distribution of the film. The results show that stream-wise diffusion of water-drop hole reduces kidney vortex intensity, making higher attachment of the film of water-drop than that of cylindrical hole, consequently the lateral coverage range of water-drop hole film is wider than that of cylindrical hole film. The lateral diffusion of dustpan shaped hole further reduces the kidney vortex intensity. This obviously increases the film coverage and strengthens the adhesion of film of dustpan shaped hole. Increasing the inclination angle of the hole and the blowing ratio will increase the normal velocity of the jet and increase the thickness of the film. however, increasing inclination angle and blowing ratio will enhance kidney vortex intensity and decrease the film cooling effectiveness. The high turbulent intensity of mainstream will enhance the lateral diffusion of the film and enhance the mixing of the secondary flow and mainstream, so the continuity and uniformity of film are better. However, the intense mix of secondary flow and mainstream results in the non-dimensional temperature of the film drops sharply and the film coverage reduced accordingly.

scholarly journals Adiabatic Wall Effectiveness Measurements of Film-Cooling Holes With Expanded Exits

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gritsch ◽  
A. Schulz ◽  
S. Wittig
Keyword(s):  
Mach Number ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Cylindrical Hole ◽  
Adiabatic Wall ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Film Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Cooling Hole

This paper presents detailed measurements of the film-cooling effectiveness for three single, scaled-up film-cooling hole geometries. The hole geometries investigated include a cylindrical hole and two holes with a diffuser shaped exit portion (i.e. a fanshaped and a laidback fanshaped hole). The flow conditions considered are the crossflow Mach number at the hole entrance side (up to 0.6), the crossflow Mach number at the hole exit side (up to 1.2), and the blowing ratio (up to 2). The coolant-to-mainflow temperature ratio is kept constant at 0.54. The measurements are performed by means of an infrared camera system which provides a two-dimensional distribution of the film-cooling effectiveness in the nearfield of the cooling hole down to x/D = 10. As compared to the cylindrical hole, both expanded holes show significantly improved thermal protection of the surface downstream of the ejection location, particularly at high blowing ratios. The laidback fanshaped hole provides a better lateral spreading of the ejected coolant than the fanshaped hole which leads to higher laterally averaged film-cooling effectiveness. Coolant passage crossflow Mach number and orientation strongly affect the flowfield of the jet being ejected from the hole and, therefore, have an important impact on film-cooling performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document