Staphylococcus aureus protein "A" as a rapid and sensitive test in comparative with other serological tests for detection of Rift Valley Fever antibodies in vaccinated camels

Information on zoonotic diseases in humans and livestock are limited in pastoral/agro-pastoral communities in Ethiopia. A multi-stage cross sectional cluster design study was implemented with the aim to establish the seroprevalence of zoonotic diseases including brucellosis, Q-fever and Rift Valley fever (RVF) in humans and livestock in Adadle Woreda of the Somali Region, Ethiopia. Blood samples were collected from humans and livestock and tested by relevant serological tests. For brucellosis, Rose Bengal test (RBT) and indirect ELISA was used for screening and confirmatory diagnosis respectively. Indirect and competitive ELISA were also used for Q-fever and RVF respectively. The individual seropositivity of Q-fever in livestock was 9.6% (95% CI 5.9–15.1) in cattle, 55.7% (95% CI 46.0–65.0) in camels, 48.8% (95% CI 42.5–55.0) in goats, and 28.9% (95% CI 25.0–33.2) in sheep. In humans, seropositivity of Q-fever was 27.0% (95% CI 20.4–34.0), with prevalence in males of 28.9% vs 24.2% in females (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 0.6–2.5). Camel seropositivity of Q-fever was significantly associated with age (OR = 8.1; 95% CI 2.8–23.7). The individual apparent seroprevalence of RVF was 13.2% (95% CI 8.7–18.8) in humans, 17.9% (95% CI 11.0–27.8) in cattle, 42.6% (95% CI 34.8–50.7) in camels, 6.3% (95% CI 3.3–11.6) in goats and 7.4% (95% CI 4.7–11.5) in sheep. Camels had the highest seropositivity of both Q-fever and RVF. Only a weak correlation was observed between human and livestock seropositivity for both Q-fever and RVF. Only cattle and camels were seropositive for brucellosis by iELISA. The individual seroprevalence of brucellosis was 2.8(0.9–6.4) in humans, 1.5% (95% CI 0.2–5.2) in cattle and 0.6% (95% CI 0.0–3.2) in camels. This study showed the importance of zoonoses in Somali Region and is the first published study to describe RVF exposure in humans and livestock in the country. Even though human exposure to RVF virus was reported, public health sector of Somali Region has not given attention to such zoonoses. Collaboration between public and animal health sectors for further investigation on these zoonoses using the One Health concept is indispensable.

Download Full-text

Comparison of techniques for demonstrating antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400065414 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 317-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

R. Swanepoel ◽

J. K. Struthers ◽

M. J. Erasmus ◽

S. P. Shepherd ◽

G. M. McGillivray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Protein A ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Staphylococcal Protein A ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Neutralization Techniques ◽

Comparison Of Techniques

SummaryNine serological techniques were compared by monitoring the response to infection with Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus in three sheep. Antibodies were monitored daily for the first 14 days after infection, then weekly and later fortnightly up to week 24. The earliest antibody response was detected in one sheep on day 3 by a plaque reduction neutralization test, and by day 6 antibodies were demonstrable in all three sheep by haemagglutination-inhibition, reversed passive haemagglutination-inhibition, immunodiffusion, indirect immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization of cytopathic effect in cell cultures. Antibodies were demonstrable by complement fixation on day 8 at the earliest. IF and the two neutralization techniques produced the highest titres, but all tests could be used satisfactorily for the serological diagnosis of RVF. Inactivated antigen could be used for all except the neutralization tests. A radioimmunoassay technique using125I-labelIed staphylococcal protein A detected antibodies on day 8 at the earliest and produced lower mean titres than some of the other techniques. This was probably because sheep immunoglobulins bind protein A poorly.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Two Rift Valley Fever Serological Tests in Cameroonian Cattle Populations Using a Bayesian Latent Class Approach

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2019.00258 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Barend M. C. de Bronsvoort ◽

Jean-Marc Bagninbom ◽

Lucy Ndip ◽

Robert F. Kelly ◽

Ian Handel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Latent Class ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Valley Fever

Download Full-text

Serological tests for detecting Rift Valley fever viral antibodies in sheep from the Nile Delta.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.24.4.612-614.1986 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 612-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R M Scott ◽

F M Feinsod ◽

I H Allam ◽

T G Ksiazek ◽

C J Peters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Nile Delta ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Viral Antibodies

Download Full-text

Sero-prevalence of brucellosis, Q-fever and Rift Valley Fever in humans and livestock in Somali region, Ethiopia

10.1101/2020.01.31.928374 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Ibrahim ◽

Esther Schelling ◽

Jakob Zinsstag ◽

Jan Hattendorf ◽

Emawayish Andargie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Q Fever ◽

Animal Health ◽

Zoonotic Diseases ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Somali Region ◽

The Individual

AbstractInformation on zoonotic diseases in humans and livestock are limited in pastoral/agro-pastoral communities in Ethiopia. A multi-stage cross sectional cluster design study was implemented with the aim to establish the seroprevalence of zoonotic diseases including brucellosis, Q-fever and Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in humans and livestock in Adadle woreda of the Somali region, Ethiopia. Blood samples were collected from humans and livestock and tested by relevant serological tests. For brucellosis, Rose Bengal test (RBT) and indirect ELISA was used for screening and confirmatory diagnosis respectively. Indirect and competitive ELISA were also used for Q-fever and RVF respectively. The individual seropositivity of Q-fever in livestock was 9.6% (95% CI 5.9-15.1) in cattle, 55.7% (95% CI 46.0-65.0) in camels, 48.8% (95% CI 42.5-55.0) in goats, and 28.9% (95% CI 25.0-33.2) in sheep. In humans, seropositivity of Q-fever was 27.0% (95% CI 20.4-34.0), with prevalence in males of 28.9% vs 24.2% in females (OR= 1.3; 95% CI 0.6-2.5). Camel seropositivity of Q-fever was significantly associated with age (OR= 8.1; 95% CI 2.8-23.7). The individual apparent seroprevalence of RVF was 13.2% (95% CI 8.7-18.8) in humans, 17.9 % (95% CI 11.0-27.8) in cattle, 42.6% (95% CI 34.8-50.7) in camels, 6.3% (95% CI 3.3-11.6) in goats and 7.4% (95% CI 4.7-11.5) in sheep. Camels had the highest seropositivity of both Q-fever (55.7%; 95% CI 46.0-65.0) and RVF (42.6%; 95% CI 34.8-50.7). Only a weak correlation was observed between human and livestock seropositivity for both Q-fever and RVF. Only cattle and camels were seropositive for brucellosis by iELISA. The individual seroprevalence of brucellosis was 2.8(0.9-6.4) in humans, 1.5% (95% CI 0.2-5.2) in cattle and 0.6% (95% CI 0.0-3.2) in camels. This study showed the importance of zoonoses in Somali regional state and is the first published study to describe RVF exposure in humans and livestock in the country. Collaboration between public and animal health sectors for further investigation on these zoonoses using the One Health concept is indispensable.

Download Full-text