scholarly journals Cryptosporidium in small water systems in Puerto Rico: a pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Robinson ◽  
Harvey A. Minnigh ◽  
Paul R. Hunter ◽  
Rachel M. Chalmers ◽  
Graciela I. Ramírez Toro
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Small Water Systems ◽  
Potential Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

A pilot study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in four very small drinking water systems supplying communities in rural Puerto Rico. Water samples (40 L) were collected and oocysts were concentrated by calcium carbonate flocculation, recovered by immunomagnetic separation and detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Cryptosporidium oocysts were identified in all four systems. This is the first report of evidence of the potential public health risk from this chlorine-resistant pathogen in Puerto Rican small water systems. Further work is warranted to fully assess the health risks that Cryptosporidium and other protozoa pose to populations served by community-managed small drinking water systems.

Using Decision Trees to Predict Drinking Water Advisories in Small Water Systems

Opflow ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. E109-E118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Murphy ◽  
Munir Bhatti ◽  
Richard Harvey ◽  
Edward A. McBean
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Decision Trees ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Small Water Systems

Water compliance challenges: how do Canadian small water systems respond?

Water Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Kot ◽  
Graham A. Gagnon ◽  
Heather Castleden
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

Fundamental to community health and well-being is the capacity to access a sustainable supply of safe drinking water. Small community drinking water systems are the most vulnerable to contamination, and struggle to secure the funds necessary to improve water treatment and delivery systems, and meet increasingly stringent drinking water quality regulations. Little is known of the contextual and cultural differences between communities and the impact this has on regulatory compliance. This study explored the experiences and impact of individual actors within seven small community drinking water systems in locations across Canada. Qualitative, in-person interviews were conducted with water operators, consumers, and decision-makers in each community, and these findings were analysed thematically. Findings from the study show that communities approach and align with compliance challenges in three distinct ways: by adopting regulator-provided or regulator-driven solutions, by adopting an existing improvement framework (i.e. regionalization), or through reinvention to address a new issue or concern. Policy-makers looking to align small communities with appropriate water quality goals may benefit from a consideration of these contextual and cultural differences.

scholarly journals Summary of resources available to small water systems for meeting the 10 ppb arsenic drinking water limit.

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lee Krumhansl ◽  
Bruce M Thomson ◽  
Matt Ziegler ◽  
Susan Butler ◽  
Heather Himmelberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Small Water Systems

Design of Small Water Systems

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. Genetti ◽  
Jr
Keyword(s):  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Small Water Systems

scholarly journals The Water Safety Plan Approach: Application to Small Drinking-Water Systems—Case Studies in Salento (South Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4360
Author(s):  
Francesca Serio ◽  
Lucia Martella ◽  
Giovanni Imbriani ◽  
Adele Idolo ◽  
Francesco Bagordo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Water Safety Plan ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

Background: The quality of water for human consumption is an objective of fundamental importance for the defense of public health. Since the management of networks involves many problems of control and efficiency of distribution, the Water Safety Plan (WSP) was introduced to address these growing problems. Methods: WSP was applied to three companies in which the water resource assumes central importance: five water kiosks, a third-range vegetable processing company, and a residence and care institution. In drafting the plan, the terms and procedures designed and tested for the management of urban distribution systems were applied to safeguard the resource over time. Results: The case studies demonstrated the reliability of the application of the model even to small drinking-water systems, even though it involved a greater effort in analyzing the incoming water, the local intended use, and the possibilities for managing the containment of the dangers to which it is exposed. This approach demonstrates concrete effectiveness in identifying and mitigating the dangers of altering the quality of water. Conclusions: Thanks to the WSP applied to small drinking-water systems, we can move from management that is focused mainly on verifying the conformity of the finished product to the creation of a global risk assessment and management system that covers the entire water supply chain.

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