Effect of hot acid hydrolysis and hot chlorine dioxide stage on bleaching effluent biodegradability

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Gomes ◽  
J.L. Colodette ◽  
N.R.N. Delantonio ◽  
A.H. Mounteer ◽  
C.M. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp ◽  
Complete Sequences

The hot acid hydrolysis followed by chlorine dioxide (A/D*) and hot chlorine dioxide (D*) technologies have proven very useful for bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp. Although the characteristics and biodegradability of effluents from conventional chlorine dioxide bleaching are well known, such information is not yet available for effluents derived from hot acid hydrolysis and hot chorine dioxide bleaching. This study discusses the characteristics and biodegradability of such effluents. Combined whole effluents from the complete sequences DEpD, D*EpD, A/D*EpD and ADEpD, and from the pre-bleaching sequences DEp, D*Ep, A/D*Ep and ADEp were characterized by quantifying their colour, AOX and organic load (BOD, COD, TOC). These effluents were also evaluated for their treatability by simulation of an activated sludge system. It was concluded that treatment in the laboratory sequencing batch reactor was efficient for removal of COD, BOD and TOC of all effluents. However, colour increased after biological treatment, with the greatest increase found for the effluent produced using the AD technology. Biological treatment was less efficient at removing AOX of effluents from the sequences with D*, A/D* and AD as the first stages, when compared to the reference D stage; there was evidence of the lower treatability of these organochlorine compounds from these sequences.

Improving the biological treatment of waste water using pressurised sequencing batch reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Hesham M Elkaramany ◽  
Amro A Elbaz ◽  
Amal N Mohamed ◽  
Alhassan H Sakr
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor

Start-up of an aerobic granular sequencing batch reactor for the treatment of winery wastewater

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. López–Palau ◽  
J. Dosta ◽  
J. Mata-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Start Up

Aerobic granular sludge was cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in order to remove the organic matter present in winery wastewater. The formation of granules was performed using a synthetic substrate. The selection parameter was the settling time, as well as the alternation of feast-famine periods, the air velocity and the height/diameter ratio of the reactor. After 10 days of operation under these conditions, the first aggregates could be observed. Filamentous bacteria were still present in the reactor but they disappeared progressively. During the start-up, COD loading was increased from 2.7 to 22.5 kg COD/(m3 day) in order to obtain a feast period between 30 and 60 minutes. At this point, granules were quite round, with a particle diameter between 3.0 and 4.0 mm and an average density of 6 g L−1. After 120 days of operation, synthetic media was replaced by real winery wastewater, with a COD loading of 6 kg COD/(m3 day). The decrease of the organic load implied a reduction of the aggregate diameter and a density increase up to 13.2 g L−1. The effluent was free of organic matter and the solids concentration in the reactor reached 6 g VSS L−1.

Olive mill wastewater treatment: an experimental study

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bettazzi ◽  
M. Morelli ◽  
S. Caffaz ◽  
C. Caretti ◽  
E. Azzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewaters ◽  
Biological Treatability ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive oil production, one of the main agro-industries in Mediterranean countries, generates significant amounts of olive mill wastewaters (OMWs), which represent a serious environmental problem, because of their high organic load, the acidic pH and the presence of recalcitrant and toxic substances such as phenolic and lipidic compounds (up to several grams per litre). In Italy, traditional disposal on the soil is the most common way to discharge OMWs. This work is aimed at investigating the efficiency and feasibility of AOPs and biological processes for OMW treatment. Trials have been carried out on wastewaters taken from one of the largest three-phase mills of Italy, located in Quarrata (Tuscany), as well as on synthetic solutions. Ozone and Fenton's reagents applied both on OMWs and on phenolic synthetic solutions guaranteed polyphenol removal efficiency up to 95%. Aerobic biological treatment was performed in a batch reactor filled with raw OMWs (pH =4.5, T=30 °C) without biomass inoculum. A biomass rich of fungi, developed after about 30 days, was able to biodegrade phenolic compounds reaching a removal efficiency of 70%. Pretreatment of OMWs by means of oxidation increased their biological treatability.

Biological Treatment of Oil Field Wastewater in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. C. Freire ◽  
M. C. Cammarota ◽  
G. L Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oil Field

Combining SBR systems for chemical and biological treatment: the destruction of the nerve agent VX

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Irvine ◽  
S.S. Haraburda ◽  
C. Galbis-Reig
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nerve Agent ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention ◽  
The Us

The US Army is pilot testing the neutralization of VX nerve agent stockpiled at Newport, Indiana using caustic hydrolysis in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The resulting hydrolysate was tested at the bench-scale for treatment with activated sludge biodegradation in two distinct studies, one in the SBR and another, in the PACT® process. The feed to both biological systems was pretreated to enhance the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products. Both biodegradation studies demonstrated that the hydrolysate could easily meet the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty and US environmental regulations following pretreatment.

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