scholarly journals Carotid endarterectomy for atherosclerotic occlusion of the contralateral internal carotid artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
I. S. Muchamadeev ◽  
A. A. Oborin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Contralateral Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Group 1

<p><strong>Aim.</strong> To analyse perioperative and long-term results of carotid endarterectomy for occlusion or stenosis of the contralateral internal carotid artery.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> This study included 184 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy for either occlusion (group 1, n = 74) or stenosis (group 2, n = 110) of the contralateral internal carotid artery. Carotid endarterectomy with eversion was performed in 97% of the patients while the conventional procedure with a patch was used in the remaining 3%.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> The incidence of perioperative stroke / transient ischemic attack (TIA) in groups 1 and 2 was 1.35% and 1.82%, respectively (p = 0.806). Stroke / TIA within 30 days after surgery occurred in 2 patients in group 1 and in 1 patient in group 2 (p = 0.346); however, none were associated with death. In contrast, 3 cases of myocardial infarction (MI) were seen in group 1, two of which resulted in death. No instances of MI were seen in group 2. Long-term freedom from stroke and myocardial infarction, estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, was not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.240 and p = 0.657, respectively). Long-term survival was similar in both groups (p = 0.281). An analysis of the risk factors for major cardiovascular events, both immediate and in the long-term, showed that plaque instability was the most significant (p = 0.004), followed by lesions in the arteries of the lower extremities (p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Short-term and long-term cerebral complications were not significantly different between patients with occlusion or stenosis of the contralateral internal carotid artery. However, patients with occlusion were significantly more likely to experience MI, necessitating a detailed diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Instability of the atherosclerotic substrate and multifocal atherosclerosis were identified as independent risk factors for major cardiovascular events.</p><p>Received 18 May 2021. Revised 30 July 2021. Accepted 11 August 2021.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><strong>Contribution of the authors:</strong> The authors contributed equally to this article.</p>

scholarly journals Novel method for glomus-saving carotid endarterectomy sensu A. N. Kazantsev: cutting the internal carotid artery on the site from external and common carotid artery

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 3851
Author(s):  
A. N. Kazantsev ◽  
K. P. Chernykh ◽  
N. E. Zarkua ◽  
R. Yu. Lider ◽  
K. G. Kubachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To analyze the results of using a novel method of glomus-saving carotid endarterectomy (CEE) sensu A. N. Kazantsev.Materials and methods. This cohort, comparative, prospective, open-label study from January 2018 to April 2020 included 475 patients who undergone one of the three glomus-saving types of CEE. Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, all patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — 136 patients (28,631%) CEE sensu R. A. Vinogradov; group 2 — 125 patients (26,316%) — sensu K. A. Antsupov; group 3 — 214 patients (45,053%) — sensu A. N. Kazantsev. Glomus-saving CEE sensu A. N. Kazantsev was carried as follows. Arteriotomy was performed along the inner edge of the external carotid artery (ECA) adjacent to the carotid sinus, 2 to 3 cm above the mouth, depending on the atherosclerotic lesion, with a transition to the common carotid artery (CCA) (also 2 to 3 cm below the mouth of the ECA). The internal carotid artery (ICA) was cut off at the site formed by the wall of the ECA and CCA. Next, an endarterectomy from the ICA was performed using the eversion technique. The next step was an open endarterectomy from EСA and СCA. Next, the ICA at the saved site was implanted in the previous position.Results. No intergroup differences were observed during hospitalization. Due to intraoperative visualization of an extended lesion of the ICA, in some cases it became necessary to transform the operation: in group 1, 4,4% of cases required ICA prosthetics; in groups 2 and 3 — autologous ICA transplantation in 4,8% and 4,7% of cases, respectively. Also, 1 case of ischemic stroke was recorded in groups 1 and 2. The cause of the latter was ICA thrombosis due to intimal detachment distal to the removed plaque. All cases of ECA thrombosis in the hospital postoperative period were differentiated in group 2.In the long-term follow-up, the groups were also comparable in the complication rate. The cause of all ischemic strokes was the development of restenosis or thrombosis of the ICA/prosthesis. Among patients who underwent forced autologous transplantation of the ICA, restenosis was not recorded. It should also be noted that new ECA occlusions (n=12; 9,6%) were visualized 6 months after reconstruction only in group 2.Conclusion. CEE sensu A. N. Kazantsev is the simplest technique of glomus-saving reconstructions, which have demonstrated their safety and effectiveness.

Contralateral Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Impairs Early But Not 30-Day Stroke Rate Following Carotid Endarterectomy

Angiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Bagaev ◽  
A. Maximilian Pichlmaier ◽  
Theodosios Bisdas ◽  
Mathias H. Wilhelmi ◽  
Axel Haverich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Carotid Artery Occlusion ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Contralateral Internal Carotid Artery

scholarly journals Impact of stroke-associated pneumonia on the outcome of acute ischemic stroke in internal carotid artery system

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 539-543
Author(s):  
D.T. Chipova ◽  
◽  
L.V. Santikova ◽  
A.Ch. Zhemukhov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: to study the stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) effect on the outcome of ischemic stroke (IS) in the internal carotid artery system. Patients and Methods: 87 patients with IS underwent the follow-up study, of which 75 had no inflammatory bronchopulmonary complications (group 1), and 12 had pneumonia manifestation (group 2). The study was performed on days 1, 5, and 9 after IS, and 6 months and 12 months after discharge from the hospital. Neurological deficit severity (NIHSS, Barthel index) and inflammatory markers (peripheral blood leukocyte composition, C-reactive protein (CRP), ESR) were studied. Results: it was found that the presence of SAP was associated with increased mortality during the acute IS period (4 (33.1%) patients died in group 1 and 10 (13.3%) — in group 2, p<0.05), greater severity of neurological deficits (63.3±5.3 and 71.5±4.0 points on the NIHSS scale, respectively, p<0.05) and incapacitation (Barthel index — 63.3±5.3 and 71.5±4.0 points, respectively, p<0.05) at the end of the inpatient treatment period. In group 2, signs of an inflammatory response were detected on day 5, and the values of the white blood cell shift index, ESR and CRP significantly (p<0.05) differed from the initial values. During examination at 6 months and 12 months, there were no significant differences in these indicators between the groups. An association was established between the probability of SAP occurrence and the presence of swallowing disorders (r=0.672; p<0.05), the age of patients (r=0.572; p<0.05) and the presence of diabetes mellitus (r=0.522; p<0.05). The studied laboratory inflammatory markers allow us to timely assume the occurrence of pulmonary pathology. Conclusion: timely diagnosis and prevention of SAP can reduce the risk of fatal outcome, facilitate rehabilitation measures, and improve early IS outcomes. KEYWORDS: ischemic stroke, cardioembolic stroke, atherothrombotic stroke, complications, acute period, inflammatory markers, strokeassociated pneumonia, long-term outcomes. FOR CITATION: Chipova D.T., Santikova L.V., Zhemukhov A.Ch. Impact of stroke-associated pneumonia on the outcome of acute ischemic stroke in internal carotid artery system. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(9):539–543. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-9-539-543.

scholarly journals Surgical Treatment of Proximal Segmental Occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Srdjan Babić ◽  
Slobodan Tanasković ◽  
Mihailo Nešković ◽  
Predrag Gajin ◽  
Dragoslav Nenezić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Purpose. To present the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of carotid endarterectomy in patients with type II internal carotid artery occlusions, including the long-term outcomes. Methods. From March 2008 to August 2015, 74 consecutive patients (48 men with a mean age of 65.1 ± 8.06 years) underwent carotid endarterectomy because of internal carotid artery (ICA) segmental occlusions. These were verified with preoperative carotid duplex scans (CDS) and CT angiography (CTA). Also, brain CT scanning was performed in all these patients. The indication for treatment was made jointly by a vascular surgeon, neurologist, and an interventional radiologist in a multidisciplinary team (MDT) context. After successful treatment, all the patients were followed-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, then every 6 months thereafter. Results. The most common symptom at presentation was transient ischaemic attack (TIA) in 49 patients (66.2%), followed by stroke in the past six months in the 17 remaining patients (23%). Revascularisation of the ICA with endarterectomy techniques was performed successfully in all the patients with an average clamp time of 11.9 min. All the procedures were performed under general anaesthesia in combination with a superficial cervical block. The early complication rate was 8.1% and included two cardiac events (2.7%) (one rhythm disorder and one acute coronary syndrome), three TIAs (4.1%), and one intracerebral hemorrhage (1.3%). Only one patient with the intracerebral hemorrhage died 5 days after surgery giving a postoperative mortality of 1.3% for this series. During the follow-up period (mean 50.4 ± 31.3 months), the primary patency rates at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years were 98.4%, 94.9%, 92.9%, and 82.9%, respectively. Likewise, the survival rates were 98.7%, 96.8%, 89%, and 77.6%, respectively. Ultrasound Doppler controls during follow-up detected 8 ICA restenoses; however, only 3 of these patients required further endovascular treatment. Conclusions. Carotid endarterectomy of internal carotid artery (ICA) segmental occlusion is a safe and effective procedure associated with acceptable risk and good long-term results. Therefore, the current guidelines which do not recommend carotid endarterectomy in this patient group should be reassessed, with the requirement for ongoing large-scale randomized controlled trials to compare CEA with best medical therapy in this patient cohort.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül İlkay Sezgin Akçay ◽  
Esra Kardeş ◽  
Sultan Maçin ◽  
Cihan Ünlü ◽  
Engin Bilge Özgürhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To evaluate the relationship between internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in the elderly population.Methods. A total of 42 eyes of 21 patients with more than 70% ICA stenosis (Group 1) on one side and less than 70% stenosis (Group 2) on the other side were recruited for this study. ICA stenosis was diagnosed using both the B-mode and Doppler ultrasound. The two groups were compared in terms of the percentage of stenosis, SFCT measurements, intraocular pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, refractive error, and peak systolic velocity. Eyes were examined with the RTVue-100 OCT device by the EDI-OCT technique.Results. The mean age of the patients was71.9±10.8years. The mean percentage of ICA stenosis was74±4.9% in Group 1 and47.5±7.7% in Group 2. The mean SFCT was231.9±44.6 μm in Group 1 and216.2±46.8 μm in Group 2, which was significantly lower (P=0.028). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the percentage of internal carotid artery stenosis and SFCT (r=0896,P=0.001).Conclusions. Compensatory SFCT increase can be seen in ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis greater than 70%.

Surgical alternatives in the treatment of cavernous sinus aneurysms

1989 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando G. Diaz ◽  
Sam Ohaegbulam ◽  
Manuel Dujovny ◽  
James I. Ausman
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Group 1

✓ Direct surgery on aneurysms in the cavernous sinus is a formidable technical procedure. The intimate relationship of the intracavernous carotid artery to the venous structures and to the cranial nerves make surgical access difficult at best. Thirty-two of 356 aneurysm patients presented with symptomatic aneurysms originating from the intracavernous internal carotid artery. Twenty-one patients had aneurysms contained entirely within the cavernous sinus, and in 11 others the aneurysms arose within the cavernous sinus and extended into the subarachnoid space. Of the purely intracavernous aneurysms there were five small aneurysms (< 25 mm) and 16 giant (≥ 25 mm) aneurysms. Fifteen patients with purely intracavernous lesions had a superior orbital fissure syndrome, and six had a variety of other symptoms. Of 11 patients with subarachnoid extension, five had a subarachnoid hemorrhage (Grade I or II), five had ipsilateral visual loss, and one had periorbital pain. The aneurysms were treated as follows: Group 1 received progressive ligation of the internal carotid artery in the neck with a Selverstone clamp and a surface superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis (purely intracavernous in nine, and with subarachnoid extension in one); Group 2 underwent trapping of the internal carotid artery and a deep STA-MCA anastomosis (purely intracavernous in seven); and Group 3 had direct clipping of the aneurysm (purely intracavernous in five, and with subarachnoid extension in 10). The cavernous sinus was entered directly through its roof by a pterional craniotomy with radical removal of the optic canal, lesser sphenoid wing, and lateral and superior orbital walls. Proximal control of the internal carotid artery was obtained through a cervical incision. Two patients in Group 1 developed transient neurological deficits, which resolved. Two patients in Group 2 developed a cerebral infarction, one of whom died; in both of these patients, the anastomosis was completed after the internal carotid artery occlusion. Two patients in Group 3 progressed from marked visual loss to blindness of the same side, and one developed an intraventricular hemorrhage during induction of anesthesia and died without surgery. It is proposed that a direct approach to symptomatic aneurysms in the cavernous sinus is the best initial alternative. When this approach is not feasible, a trapping procedure preceded by a high-flow extracranial-intracranial anastomosis may be considered. Although the authors have been able to clip aneurysms of various sizes, this has not been possible in all patients. Further work is needed in this area.

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