scholarly journals Thermodynamics of the volatilization of actinide metals in the high-temperature treatment of radioactive wastes. 1998 annual progress report

10.2172/12622 ◽  
1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Adamson ◽  
B.B. Ebbinghaus

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Stefanovsky ◽  
Yuri V. Myshkin ◽  
Dmitri V. Adamovich ◽  
Michael D. Beliy

FSUE Radon deals with collection, transportation, treatment, conditioning, and interim storage and final disposal of conditioned low-and intermediate-level radioactive wastes (LILW) as well as radiation monitoring, decontamination and environmental remediation of Moscow and Moscow area. Liquid LILW with high salinity is subject to vitrification at the Radon full scale vitrification plant using a cold crucible inductive melting (CCIM) at temperatures of 1150-1200 °C. The bench-scale cold crucible based unit is used for research works and feasibility study on new promising ceramic and glass-ceramic waste forms based on incinerator slag and ash. Solid and liquid organic LILWs are treated in a plasma shaft furnace with liquid slagging at temperatures of 1400-1500 °C. Molten slag is solidified in containers yielding a glass-crystalline material with high chemical durability and strong mechanical integrity suitable for safe long-term storage and disposal in both interim repositories and underground sites. One of the promising methods for LILW treatment is application of thermochemical reactions – self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with high energy release which is considered as a potential technology for treatment of spent ion-exchange resins, silts and grounds and some specific wastes.





2020 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 106862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhen Guo ◽  
Haijian Su ◽  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Qian Yin ◽  
Hongwen Jing ◽  
...  




Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1695-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Murillo-Williams ◽  
G. P. Munkvold

Fusarium verticillioides causes seedling decay, stalk rot, ear rot, and mycotoxin contamination (primarily fumonisins) in maize. Systemic infection of maize plants by F. verticillioides can lead to kernel infection, but the frequency of this phenomenon has varied widely among experiments. Variation in the incidence of systemic infection has been attributed to environmental factors. In order to better understand the influence of environment, we investigated the effect of temperature on systemic development of F. verticillioides during vegetative and reproductive stages of plant development. Maize seeds were inoculated with a green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of F. verticillioides, and grown in growth chambers under three different temperature regimes. In the vegetative-stage and reproductive-stage experiments, plants were evaluated at tasseling (VT stage), and at physiological maturity (R6 stage), respectively. Independently of the temperature treatment, F. verticillioides was reisolated from nearly 100% of belowground plant tissues. Frequency of reisolation of the inoculated strain declined acropetally in aboveground internodes at all temperature regimes. At VT, the high-temperature treatment had the highest systemic development of F. verticillioides in aboveground tissues. At R6, incidence of systemic infection was greater at both the high- and low-temperature regimes than at the average-temperature regime. F. verticillioides was isolated from higher internodes in plants at R6, compared to stage VT. The seed-inoculated strain was recovered from kernels of mature plants, although incidence of kernel infection did not differ significantly among treatments. During the vegetative growth stages, temperature had a significant effect on systemic development of F. verticillioides in stalks. At R6, the fungus reached higher internodes in the high-temperature treatment, but temperature did not have an effect on the incidence of kernels (either symptomatic or asymptomatic) or ear peduncles infected with the inoculated strain. These results support the role of high temperatures in promoting systemic infection of maize by F. verticillioides, but plant-to-seed transmission may be limited by other environmental factors that interact with temperature during the reproductive stages.



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