scholarly journals Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Kidney Transplant Recipients after Standard COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
pp. CJN.11820921
Author(s):  
Louise Benning ◽  
Christian Morath ◽  
Marie Bartenschlager ◽  
Christian Nusshag ◽  
Florian Kälble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Median Serum

Background and objectivesAntibody response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is impaired in kidney transplant recipients. Emerging variants, such as B.1.617.2 (δ), are of particular concern because of their higher transmissibility and partial immune escape. Little is known about protection against these variants in immunocompromised patients.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsIn this prospective two-center study, antispike 1 IgG and surrogate neutralizing antibodies were measured in 173 kidney transplant recipients and 166 healthy controls with different vaccination schedules. In addition, different SARS-CoV-2 epitope antibodies from 135 vaccinated kidney transplant recipients were compared with antibodies in 25 matched healthy controls after second vaccination. In 36 kidney transplant recipients with seroconversion, neutralization against B.1.1.7 (α), B.1.351 (β), and B.1.617.2 (δ) was determined on VeroE6 cells and compared with neutralization in 25 healthy controls.ResultsKidney transplant recipients had significantly lower seroconversion rates compared with healthy controls. After the second vaccination, antispike 1, antireceptor-binding domain, and surrogate neutralizing antibodies were detectable in 30%, 27%, and 24% of kidney transplant recipients, respectively. This compares with 100%, 96%, and 100% in healthy controls, respectively (P<0.001). Neutralization against B.1.1.7 was detectable in all kidney transplant recipients with seroconversion, with a median serum dilution that reduces infection of cells by 50% of 80 (interquartile range, 80–320). In contrast, only 23 of 36 (64%) and 24 of 36 (67%) kidney transplant recipients showed neutralization against B.1.351 and B.1.617.2, respectively, with median serum dilutions that reduce infection of cells by 50% of 20 (interquartile range, 0–40) and 20 (interquartile range, 0–40), respectively. Neutralization against different variants was significantly higher in healthy controls (P<0.001), with all patients showing neutralization against all tested variants.ConclusionsSeroconverted kidney transplant recipients show impaired neutralization against emerging variants of concern after standard two-dose vaccination.Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:Observational study to assess the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in kidney transplant recipients (COVID-19 related immune response), DRKS00024668

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies After the Second BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Japanese Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hamaya ◽  
Shingo Hatakeyama ◽  
Tohru Yoneyama ◽  
Yuki Tobisawa ◽  
Hirotake Kodama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract We aimed to evaluate the rate of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity and investigated factors associated with seropositivity after the second SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. This retrospective study conducted between June 2021 and November 2021 included 106 KT recipients and 127 healthy controls who received the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine at least seven days before the measurement of antibody titers. The titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein were determined. Seropositivity was defined as an anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG level of ≥15 units/mL, which was considered as the presence of sufficient neutralizing antibodies. The median ages and the seroprevalence rates of the healthy controls and KT recipients were 68 and 56 years and 98% and 22%, respectively. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age >53 years, rituximab use, mycophenolate mofetil use, and KT vintage <7 years were negatively associated with anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity in KT recipients. Humoral response after the second BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was greatly hindered by immunosuppression therapy in KT recipients. Older age, rituximab use, mycophenolate mofetil use, and KT vintage may play key roles in seroconversion.

scholarly journals Low rate of COVID‐19 pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients—A battle between infection and immune response?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghaffari Rahbar ◽  
Mohsen Nafar ◽  
Alireza Khoshdel ◽  
Nooshin Dalili ◽  
Alireza Abrishami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Low Rate

scholarly journals Immune Response Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Kidney-Transplant Recipients Receiving Belatacept

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Noble ◽  
Antoine Langello ◽  
William Bouchut ◽  
Julien Lupo ◽  
Dorothee Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Response Post

scholarly journals Impaired immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in dialysis patients and in kidney transplant recipients

Kidney360 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.34067/KID.0003512021
Author(s):  
Thilo Kolb ◽  
Svenja Fischer ◽  
Lisa Müller ◽  
Nadine Lübke ◽  
Jonas Hillebrandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Capacity

Background: Kidney failure patients on dialysis or after renal transplantation have a high risk for severe COVID-19 infection and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is the only expedient prophylaxis. Generally, immune responses are attenuated in kidney failure patients, however, systematic analyses of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in dialysis patients and in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are still missing. Methods: In this prospective multicentric cohort study, antibody responses COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2; Biontech/Pfizer or mRNA-1273; Moderna) were measured in 32 dialysis patients and in 28 KTRs. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and neutralization capacity were evaluated and compared to controls (n=78) in a similar age-range. Results: After the first vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were nearly undetectable in kidney failure patients. After the second vaccination, 93% of the controls and 88% of dialysis patients but only 37% of KTRs developed SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG above cut-off. Moreover, mean IgG levels were significantly lower in KTRs (54±93 BAU/ml) compared to dialysis patients (503±481 BAU/ml, p<0.01). Both KTRs as well as dialysis patients had significantly lower IgG levels compared to controls (1992±2485 BAU/ml; p<0.001 and p<0.01). Importantly, compared to controls, neutralizing antibody titers were significantly lower in KTRs and dialysis patients. After the second vaccination, 76% of KTRs did not show any neutralization capacity against SARS-CoV-2 suggesting impaired seroprotection. Conclusions: Kidney failure patients show a significantly weaker antibody response compared to controls. Most strikingly, only one out four KTRs developed neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of vaccine. These data suggest that vaccination strategies need modification in immune transplant and dialysis patients.

Evaluation of Cell-mediated Immune Response by QuantiFERON Monitor® Assay in Kidney Transplant Recipients

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. S130
Author(s):  
Ivan Margeta ◽  
Ivana Mareković ◽  
Ana Pešut ◽  
Marina Zelenika ◽  
Marija Dorotić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response

MO999COMPARISON OF BASILIXIMAB VS NO INDUCTION ON 12-MONTHS RENAL FUNCTION IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS IN THE TACROLIMUS ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenek Lys ◽  
Ivo Valkovsky ◽  
Pavel Havranek ◽  
Jarmila Dedochova ◽  
Jana Polaskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Transplant Center

Abstract Background and Aims IL2-RA (Interleukin 2 receptor antagonist) are recommended for the induction immunosuppression of kidney transplant recipients in patients with low/standard immunological risk. Studies showing the effectiveness of these substances have often been performed in patients taking cyclosporine. We aimed to find out whether the same results would be obtained with the more effective tacrolimus in an immunosuppressive regimen. Method Induction immunosuppression using IL2-RA basiliximab in all patients undergoing kidney transplantation has been routinely used in our transplant center since April 1, 2018. We retrospectively compared outcomes of kidney transplantation of the last 40 patients before introduction of induction and the first 40 patients after the induction (monitored period of analysis is June 2017 to January 2019). All patients in each group received baseline immunosuppression of tacrolimus, corticosteroid and mycophenolate. We selected patients with low immunological risk (1st transplant, panel reactive antibodies up to 20%, without donor specific antibodies, donation after brain death) in both groups and evaluated their renal outcomes (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate/eGFR) at 12 months after transplantation. Results Patients in the groups withnout and with basiliximab induction were of comparable age (51.9 years vs. 54.7) and with similar retransplantation rate (20%). The 1-year survival of patients and kidneys was the same (97.4% patient survival and 92.1% renal survival). Renal transplant function at 12 months was analyzed in 21 patients without and 19 patients with basiliximab induction with low baseline immunological risk. The patients who received basiliximab inductive immunosuppression had better graft function 12 months compared to patients without basiliximab administration: median serum creatinine level 112 µmol/L vs. 127 µmol/L (P=0.047) and eGFR 0.85 ml/s vs. 0.77 ml/s (P=0.347). Better renal function was also shown in the subgroup of patients older than 65 years. Conclusion At our transplant center, the introduction of basiliximab induction in patients at low immunological risk led to improved graft function in the short term despite the growing subpopulation of geriatric patients.

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