Nutrient intake and nutritional status of children following a diet free from cow's milk and cow's milk by-products

Abstract Background This study aimed to develop an expert consensus regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) in the Middle East. Methods A three-step modified Delphi method was utilized to develop the consensus. Fifteen specialized pediatricians participated in the development of this consensus. Each statement was considered a consensus if it achieved an agreement level of ≥ 80%. Results The experts agreed that the double-blind placebo-controlled oral challenge test (OCT) should be performed for 2–4 weeks using an amino acid formula (AAF) in formula-fed infants or children with suspected CMPA. Formula-fed infants with confirmed CMPA should be offered a therapeutic formula. The panel stated that an extensively hydrolyzed formula (eHF) is indicated in the absence of red flag signs. At the same time, the AAF is offered for infants with red flag signs, such as severe anaphylactic reactions. The panel agreed that infants on an eHF with resolved symptoms within 2–4 weeks should continue the eHF with particular attention to the growth and nutritional status. On the other hand, an AAF should be considered for infants with persistent symptoms; the AAF should be continued if the symptoms resolve within 2–4 weeks, with particular attention to the growth and nutritional status. In cases with no symptomatic improvements after the introduction of an AAF, other measures should be followed. The panel developed a management algorithm, which achieved an agreement level of 90.9%. Conclusion This consensus document combined the best available evidence and clinical experience to optimize the management of CMPA in the Middle East.

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Nutritional status of babies and influence of unmodified cow's milk on allergic reactions according to the epidemiological study from Ukraine

Pediatria Polska ◽

10.1016/j.pepo.2013.01.001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 138-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olena Ivakhnenko ◽

Sergiej Nyankovskyy

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Epidemiological Study ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Allergic Reactions ◽

Cow's Milk

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Patterns of the Consumption of Young Children Formula in Chinese Children Aged 1–3 Years and Implications for Nutrient Intake

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061672 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1672

Author(s):

Jian Zhang ◽

Dantong Wang ◽

Yumei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Family Income ◽

Infant Nutrition ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Chinese Children ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Dairy Intake ◽

Calcium Iron

The consumption of young children formula (YCF) is associated with reduced risk of inadequacies of nutrients that are frequently lacking in the diets of young children. In this study, we assessed the role of YCF in children’s diets and whether meeting dairy intake recommendations would improve nutrient intake in young Chinese children aged 12–36 months. Dietary intake data for children from the 2012 China Maternal and Infant Nutrition and Growth study were analyzed (n = 910). Nutrient intake was compared between YCF consumers and non-consumers, and the theoretical impact of meeting dairy intake recommendations by adding cow’s milk or YCF to children’s diets was assessed using diet modelling. The percent of children consuming YCF was 64.5% and was positively associated with family income and mother’s education level. Compared to non-consumers, YCF consumers had higher intakes of minerals (e.g., calcium, iron) and vitamins (e.g., C, D, B6) that are important for growth and immune function, and lower intakes of saturated fat. To meet dairy intake recommendations by adding either cow’s milk or YCF to children’s diets would improve intakes of vitamins and minerals in young Chinese children. YCF consumption contributes to the improvement of nutrient intakes in children aged 12–36 months in China.

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Follow-up of nutritional status and dietary survey in children with cow's milk allergy

Acta Paediatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12286.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 81 (6-7) ◽

pp. 518-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

A Paganus ◽

K Juntunen-Backman ◽

E Savilahti

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Milk Allergy ◽

Dietary Survey ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Cow's Milk Allergy

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Nutritional status and food intake of children with cow's milk allergy

Allergologia et Immunopathologia ◽

10.1016/j.aller.2019.03.003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 544-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.M. Boaventura ◽

R.B. Mendonça ◽

F.A. Fonseca ◽

M. Mallozi ◽

F.S. Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Milk Allergy ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Cow's Milk Allergy

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Evaluation of the complementary feeding practices, dietary intake, and nutritional status of infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet

Jornal de Pediatria ◽

10.1016/j.jped.2021.06.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juliana Frizzo ◽

Vanessa C.C. Rodrigues ◽

Patrícia G.L. Speridião ◽

Mauro B. Morais

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Elimination Diet ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Cow’S Milk Protein

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Outcome of food intake and nutritional status after discontinuation of a cow’s-milk-free diet post negative oral food challenge in infants and children

Allergologia et Immunopathologia ◽

10.15586/aei.v50i1.471 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Dayane Pêdra Batista de Fariaa ◽

Marcela Duarte Sillos ◽

Patrícia da Graça Leite Speridião ◽

Mauro Batista de Morais

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Food Challenge ◽

Oral Food Challenge ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Z Scores ◽

Height For Age ◽

Weight For Age

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of food intake and nutritional status post discontinuation of a cow’s-milk-free diet after a negative oral food challenge.Methods: This was a prospective, uncontrolled study that evaluated food intake and nutritional status of a cohort of 80 infants and children under 5 years of age. Food intake and nutritional status were evaluated on the day of the oral food challenge test and after 30 days. Weight and height were measured on the day of the test and after 30 days.Results: The mean age of the patients was 18.7 ± 12.4 months, and 58.7% were male. After discontinuation of the elimination diet, the children showed daily intake increases in (P < 0.001), protein (P < 0.001), carbohydrates (P = 0.042), calcium from foods (P < 0.001), calcium from foods and supplements (P < 0.001), phosphorus (P < 0.001), and vitamin D from foods (P = 0.006). The Z-scores (n = 76) on the day of the oral food challenge test and 30 days after restarting the consumption of cow’s milk were as follows: weight-for-age (P < 0.001) and height-for-age (P < 0.001), respectively.Conclusion: Cow’s milk protein in the diet was associated with increased intake of energy, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D, in addition to an increase in the Z-scores for weight-for-age and height-for-age.

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