scholarly journals ESTIMAÇÃO DO COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL BRASILEIRO EM CLUSTERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (79) ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio Vicente Cateia ◽  
Édivo De Almeira Oliveira ◽  
William Barbosa

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar empiricamente o comércio internacionaldo Brasil com seus parceiros comerciais estimado por meio dos estimadores de máximaverossimilhança (MV), Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) e o sistema GMMem um modelo de comércio com bens contínuos. Analisa-se o desempenho das exportações brasileiras para os quatro clusters intercontinentais: o comércio Brasil-Mercosul,Brasil-Brics, Brasil-Zona do Euro e Brasil-Estados Unidos. Os estimadores MV e PPMLreportam estimativas significativas e consistentes com a literatura gravitacional de queas rendas e populações dos países elevam o comércio, enquanto o custo de transportemais alto tende a inibir os fluxos comerciais. A volatilidade cambial não se mostra umimpeditivo ao comércio, ao menos no modelo estático. A fronteira não tem um importante papel na determinação do padrão do comércio entre o Brasil e seus parceirosregionais, sugerindo que os clusters intercontinentais podem ser fundamentais para osfluxos de exportações brasileiras, fato confirmado pelos resultados reportados pelo estimador do sistema GMM.

Econometrica ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gourieroux ◽  
A. Monfort ◽  
A. Trognon

2005 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTOR AGUIRREGABIRIA ◽  
PEDRO MIRA

This paper presents a hybrid genetic algorithm to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of parameters in structural econometric models with multiple equilibria. The algorithm combines a pseudo maximum likelihood (PML) procedure with a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA searches globally over the large space of possible combinations of multiple equilibria in the data. The PML procedure avoids the computation of all the equilibria associated with every trial value of the structural parameters.


Author(s):  
Danang Ibnu Atsir ◽  
Sunaryati Sunaryati

Corruption is a form of abuse of ethical authority by public officials, which is divided into two parts: bribery and forced collection. The effect of corruption like bribes and illegal levies is widespread in the public sector. One interesting investigation is the effect of corruption on international trade. Corruption becomes a barrier in international trade, where corruption plays a role in the access of trade goods and services from within and abroad. Using the gravity model, the focus of this research was the effect of corruption on international trade by taking a case study of Indonesia’s bilateral trade with its nine largest export destination countries. Using panel data, analysis tools used in this research were common effect, fixed effect, random effect and poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (PPML). In this research, it was found that geographical distance variable in its fixed units caused the omitted variable so that the error term correlated with independent variables. In order to overcome the problem, poisson pseudo maximum likelihood method was used in performing regression gravity model with linear log form, so the omitted variable issue on the geographical distance can be eliminated. The results of this research concluded that corruption played a role in international trade through bureaucratic mechanisms of trade and investment licensing and the effect of corruption was more detrimental to exporters.Keywords:   Gravity Model, Corruption, International Trade, Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML).


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