scholarly journals Isolation, cultivation, and in vitro susceptibility testing of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: A review

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorana Veinovic ◽  
Brankica Filipic ◽  
Jelena Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vector Borne

Lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. The agents of Lyme borreliosis are borrelia, bacteria of the family Spirochaetaceae, which are grouped in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Borreliae are fastidious, slow-growing and biochemically inactive bacteria that need special attention and optimal conditions for cultivation. The isolation of Borrelia from clinical material and their cultivation is a time-consuming and demanding procedure. Cultivation lasts from 9 up to 12 weeks, which is much longer than is necessary to grow most other human bacterial pathogens. Although B. burgdorferi sensu lato is susceptible to a wide range of antimicrobial agents in vitro, up to now the susceptibility of individual Borrelia species to antibiotics is defined only partially.

Infection of the Subcutis and Skin of Cats with Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria: A Review of Microbiological and Clinical Findings

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Malik ◽  
D I Wigney ◽  
D Dawson ◽  
P Martin ◽  
G B Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing

Mycobacteria were isolated and characterised from 49 cats with extensive infections of the subcutis and skin. Cats were generally between 3 and 10 years of age, and female cats were markedly over-represented. All isolates were rapid-growers and identified as either Mycobacteria smegmatis (40 strains) or M fortuitum (nine strains). On the basis of Etest for minimum inhibitory concentration and/or disc diffusion susceptibility testing, all strains of M smegmatis were susceptible to trimethoprim while all strains of M fortuitum were resistant. M smegmatis strains were typically susceptible to doxycycline, gentamicin and fluoroquinolones but not clarithromycin. All M fortuitum strains were susceptible to fluoroquinolones, and often also susceptible to gentamicin, doxycycline and clarithromycin. Generally, M smegmatis strains were more susceptible to antimicrobial agents than M fortuitum strains. Treatment of mycobacterial panniculitis involves long courses of antimicrobial agents, typically of 3–6 months, chosen on the basis of in vitro susceptibility testing and often combined with extensive surgical debridement and wound reconstruction. These therapies will result in effective cure of the disease. One or a combination of doxycycline, ciprofloxacin/enrofloxacin or clarithromycin are the drugs of choice for long-term oral therapy.

Clinical outcomes in ocular pythiosis patients treated with a combination therapy protocol in Thailand: A prospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitipong Permpalung ◽  
Navaporn Worasilchai ◽  
Kasama Manothummetha ◽  
Pattama Torvorapanit ◽  
Kitiya Ratanawongphaibul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Therapy Protocol ◽  
Group Serum

Abstract Ocular pythiosis is the second most common form of human pythiosis, and the rates of evisceration/enucleation in Thailand are 55–79%. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate treatment outcomes of the combination therapy protocol and the potential use of serum (1→3)-β-glucan (BG) and Pythium insidiosum-specific antibody (Pi-Ab) as an aid to diagnosis and monitoring of ocular pythiosis. Thirty patients were enrolled in the study and 14 (non-globe salvage) required evisceration/enucleation. The globe salvage group was significantly younger, and first ocular surgeries were performed significantly sooner than in the non-globe salvage group. Serum BG and Pi-Ab levels were similar among the 2 groups over time. In vitro susceptibility testing of antifungal agents revealed relatively high minimum inhibitory concentrations and lack of synergistic effect. Serum BG and Pi-Ab would not be useful in diagnosis and monitoring of ocular pythiosis. Until effective antimicrobial agents are discovered, ocular surgeries are still the mainstay therapy in Thailand.

In Vitro Susceptibility of Isolates of Borrelia Burgdorferi S.L. to Antimicrobial Agents

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Santino ◽  
F. Scazzocchio ◽  
L. Ciceroni ◽  
S. Ciarrocchi ◽  
R. Sessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi S.L

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility of Borrelia burgdorferi to 11 antimicrobial agents.

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1444-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Levin ◽  
J A Nelson ◽  
J Segreti ◽  
B Harrison ◽  
C A Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility

scholarly journals Vaccination against Lyme disease caused by diverse Borrelia burgdorferi.

1995 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Fikrig ◽  
S R Telford ◽  
R Wallich ◽  
M Chen ◽  
Y Lobet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Natural Mode ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Vector Borne

Diversity and mutations in the genes for outer surface proteins (Osps) A and B of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi), the spirochetal agent of Lyme disease, suggests that a monovalent OspA or OspB vaccine may not provide protection against antigenically variable naturally occurring B. burgdorferi. We now show that OspA or OspB immunizations protect mice from tick-borne infection with heterogeneous B. burgdorferi from different geographic regions. This result is in distinct contrast to in vitro killing analyses and in vivo protection studies using syringe injections of B. burgdorferi as the challenge inoculum. Evaluations of vaccine efficacy against Lyme disease and other vector-borne infections should use the natural mode of transmission and not be predicated on classification systems or assays that do not rely upon the vector to transmit infection.

In vitro susceptibility of European human Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strains to antimicrobial agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorana Veinović ◽  
Tjaša Cerar ◽  
Franc Strle ◽  
Stanka Lotrič-Furlan ◽  
Vera Maraspin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Stricto
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