scholarly journals Cooperation in the climate change mitigation in forestry and nature protection at different levels of governance

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Nonic ◽  
Mirjana Stanisic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic ◽  
Nenad Rankovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Financial Cooperation ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change mitigation is the responsibility of many institutions and organizations in Serbia at different levels of governance, and therefore, it is necessary for them to cooperate with each other and with other stakeholders. The aim of the paper is to determine the existence of cooperation in climate change mitigation in forestry and nature protection at different levels of governance in Serbia. Primary data were collected in the period November 2016 - March 2017. Thirty-four interviews were conducted with representatives of institutions and organizations in forestry and nature protection at the national, regional and local level of governance, dealing with issues related to climate change mitigation. Three questionnaires were used (for each level separately), composed of five question groups. Various forms of cooperation have been established at different levels of governance, through exchange of information and education, machinery and equipment exchange, financial cooperation, etc. However, there is no systemically organized reporting process between institutions on climate change issues at the national level, nor at the regional level. At the local level, there is a partially established system of cooperation between the national level and local self-government, but it is not exclusively related to the issue of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION INTO SPATIAL PLANNING: DEVELOPING CRITERIA FOR SPATIAL PLAN EVALUATION IN THE SELANGOR RIVER BASIN

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Ping Ngang ◽  
Joy Jacqueline Pereira ◽  
Halimaton Saadiah Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Change Mitigation

Spatial planning practice in Malaysia has given greater prominence to environmental matters since the amendment of the Town and Country Planning Act 1976 in 1995, in which sustainable development has become the core emphasis of all planning policies and plans. However, elements of climate change, which require being addressed in strategic planning, have not been explicitly incorporated into spatial plans that cover urban and rural areas at both state and local levels. This study presents a framework for the evaluation of the content of spatial plans in response to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the case of the Selangor River Basin, which may be considered the life support for the Kuala Lumpur Conurbation, the largest urban mega region in Malaysia. A content analysis of national, state and local level spatial plans reveals that the overall quality of plans is higher at the national level, but gradually declines towards lower tier plans, and that generally an equal emphasis has been paid to both climate change mitigation and adaptation. The findings support the argument that spatial planning provides a platform for coordinating mitigation and adaptation responses through its sustainable development policies, however, there is a need to reframe the scope of sustainable development in the country for this purpose.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION INTO SPATIAL PLANNING: DEVELOPING CRITERIA FOR SPATIAL PLAN EVALUATION IN THE SELANGOR RIVER BASIN

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Ping Ngang ◽  
Joy Jacqueline Pereira ◽  
Halimaton Saadiah Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Change Mitigation

Spatial planning practice in Malaysia has given greater prominence to environmental matters since the amendment of the Town and Country Planning Act 1976 in 1995, in which sustainable development has become the core emphasis of all planning policies and plans. However, elements of climate change, which require being addressed in strategic planning, have not been explicitly incorporated into spatial plans that cover urban and rural areas at both state and local levels. This study presents a framework for the evaluation of the content of spatial plans in response to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the case of the Selangor River Basin, which may be considered the life support for the Kuala Lumpur Conurbation, the largest urban mega region in Malaysia. A content analysis of national, state and local level spatial plans reveals that the overall quality of plans is higher at the national level, but gradually declines towards lower tier plans, and that generally an equal emphasis has been paid to both climate change mitigation and adaptation. The findings support the argument that spatial planning provides a platform for coordinating mitigation and adaptation responses through its sustainable development policies, however, there is a need to reframe the scope of sustainable development in the country for this purpose.

scholarly journals Sustainable development and climate change mitigation at the rural municipal level in Austria: Tracing policy diffusion, process dynamics and political change

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Judith Feichtinger ◽  
Therese Stickler ◽  
Klaus Schuch ◽  
Wolfgang Lexer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Rural Government ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Change Mitigation

It is widely acknowledged that municipalities play an important role in the transition towards sustainable development and climate change mitigation. But how well do they really meet these expectations? Focusing on the diffusion of pertinent policies in local, rural Austria, we analyse whether the policy diffusion has induced procedural, political and programmatic effects and, if so, how it was accomplished. The results fall short of expectations.Although it is widely acknowledged that municipalities play an important role in the transition towards sustainable development and climate change mitigation, there is a notable lack of studies focusing on the diffusion of pertinent policies at the local level. This paper analyses the diffusion of sustainable development and climate change mitigation policies in rural Austrian municipalities. We scrutinise the policy diffusion rates and patterns. In doing so, we ask whether policy diffusion has induced procedural, political and programmatic effects within the rural government context and, if so, how these changes were accomplished. The results show that the lack of political commitment, political incoherency and insufficient support are major barriers impeding diffusion and implementation. Insufficient programmatic effects are explained by the fact that only “easier” measures have so far been implemented. These “easy” measures stop short of profoundly tackling structural problems or challenging current practices. In contrast to the high expectations regarding the role of municipalities in transitioning towards sustainability and climate-friendly practices, municipalities appear not to have the competencies nor the capacities to implement far-reaching, system-changing measures on their own.

scholarly journals Impacts of global climate change mitigation scenarios on forests and harvesting in Sweden

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1427-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Nordström ◽  
Nicklas Forsell ◽  
Anders Lundström ◽  
Anu Korosuo ◽  
Johan Bergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Supply Potential ◽  
Change Mitigation

Under climate change, the importance of biomass resources is likely to increase and new approaches are needed to analyze future material and energy use of biomass globally and locally. Using Sweden as an example, we present an approach that combines global and national land-use and forest models to analyze impacts of climate change mitigation ambitions on forest management and harvesting in a specific country. National forest impact analyses in Sweden have traditionally focused on supply potential with little reference to international market developments. In this study, we use the global greenhouse gas concentration scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change to estimate global biomass demand and assess potential implications on harvesting and biodiversity in Sweden. The results show that the short-term demand for wood is close to the full harvesting potential in Sweden in all scenarios. Under high bioenergy demand, harvest levels are projected to stay high over a longer time and particularly impact the harvest levels of pulpwood. The area of old forest in the managed landscape may decrease. This study highlights the importance of global scenarios when discussing national-level analysis and pinpoints trade-offs that policy making in Sweden may need to tackle in the near future.

scholarly journals Exploratory Study of the Development of REDD Incentives in Bolivia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stoppel Jannes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Ecological Ethics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Change Mitigation

<p>International climate change mitigation efforts have been establishing strategies and programs to achieve Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) in developing countries like Bolivia. This research aims to assess these developments and examine the major challenges in the conceptualisation, planning and implementation of these strategies in Bolivia. A review of international negotiations and of current literature on various surrounding issues supplied this research with the needed secondary data. Primary data on Bolivian perspectives and visions on the arising challenges of REDD developments were gathered in January and February 2008. The semi-structured interviews aimed to cover a cross societal range of participants from govt to local forest-inhabitant level. Partially, due to climatic instability, the field-research was hampered by a national flood disaster that challenged the gathering of local forest-inhabitant's visions and perspectives. Through this methodology this research defined key issues in the development of international REDD funding governance and in the challenges of national and local policy and project implementation measures. These are evaluated in consideration of global and local equity and climate-justice issues, offer earthcentric considerations in the evolution of REDD and therefore attempt to contribute to the underlying discourse on ecological ethics in climate change mitigation and adaptation.</p>

scholarly journals Climate Change and Inequality: How to Solve These Problems Jointly?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Leonid Grigoryev ◽  
◽  
Igor Makarov ◽  
Anna Sokolova ◽  
Viktoria Pavlyushina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
International System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Change Mitigation

In recent decades, economic growth in developing economies and the growth of the middle class lead to a surge in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Within the framework of the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals established in 2015, the solution to poverty and inequality thus comes into conflict with climate change mitigation. The existing international system of climate regulation does not address this contradiction. Today, global climate governance relies on estimates of aggregate emissions by countries without considering their level of development and the distribution of emissions among income groups within each country. Emissions from production are being monitored, while consumption-related emissions, albeit known to experts, rarely underlie decision-making. Meanwhile, income distribution has a higher impact on consumption-based emissions in comparison to production-based ones. Decisions on emissions regulation are made at the national level by countries with different development agendas in which climate change mitigation often gets less priority in comparison to other socio-economic objectives. This paper proposes a set of principles and specific mechanisms that can link climate change and inequality within a single policy framework. First, we highlight the need to modify the global emission monitoring system for the sake of accounting for emissions from consumption (rather than production) by income groups. Second, we suggest the introduction of a new redistribution system to address climate change which would include the imposition of a “fine” on households with the highest levels of emissions. Such a system follows the principles of progressive taxation but supports climate mitigation objectives and should be understood not as taxation of high incomes but rather as payment for a negative externality. Third, we outline the need to adjust climate finance criteria; priority should be given to projects designed to reduce carbon-intensive consumption by social groups entering the middle class, or to help the poorest population groups adapt to climate change. A special role in the implementation of these principles may belong to BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), which may view this as an opportunity for a proactive transition to inclusive, low-carbon development.

Advocacy for neurology: Local, regional, and national

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Apoorva Pauranik
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Spatial Axis ◽  
Different Levels

The spectrum of advocacy for neurology is very wide. This chapter aims to describe and analyse advocacy on the geographical or spatial axis—that is, advocacy at the local level (micro), regional level (meso), and national level (macro). These distinctions may appear arbitrary with hazy boundaries and many overlaps. Yet they serve a tangible purpose for the sake of our understanding. The first two main sections dwell upon (i) education and awareness at different levels and (ii) engagement with various institutions of government. The later three briefer sections cover (iii) role of patient support groups; (iv) roping in of charities, non-government organizations (NGOs), and celebrities; and finally (v) advocacy within our own professional associations. This chapter will cite examples of a wide variety of advocacy actions plans for neurology, so that more action plans can be conceived and executed at various levels. Another chapter of this book deals with advocacy at the international level (Chapter 14, ‘Advocacy in the international arena’). This chapter concludes with an emphasis on role of humanities as an aid in advocacy efforts, the need for a balance between vertical and horizontal approaches to healthcare, and the importance of research into efficacy of advocacy.

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