Novel trends in electrocatalysis: Extended Brewer hypo-hyper-d-interionic bonding theory and selective interactive grafting of composite bifunctional electrocatalysts for simultaneous anodic hydrogen

Novel Trends in Electrocatalysis: Extended Brewer Hypo-Hyper-d-lnterionic Bonding Theory and Selective Interactive Grafting of Composite Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Simultaneous Anodic Hydrogen and CO OxidationThe Extended Brewer Interactive Interionic Bonding Theory (EBIIBT) has been developed to show the equivalence of interatomic and interionic bonding features, and for their mutual combinations, as well as its effect upon electrocatalytic properties for the hydrogen electrode reactions (HELR). The equivalence of interionic hypo-hyper-d-interelectronic interaction in both metallic and any other ionic state and its effect upon electrocatalytic properties for hydrogen electrode reactions (HELR) has been proved and inferred. TG (Thermal Gravimetry) analysis of TPR (Temperature Programmed Reduction) of mixed hypc-hyper-d-electronic oxides of transition elements was broadly employed to prove the EBIIBT effect as reflected in dramatically decreased individual temperatures of their mutual reduction into intermetallic phases. The same interionic Brewer (and/or intermetallic) bonding effect has been confirmed both by UPD of hyper-d-upon hypo-d-electronic substrates and vice versa, and by the shift of bonding peaks in XPS analysis.

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Electrocatalysis for hydrogen electrode reactions in the light of fermi dynamics and structural bonding FACTORS—I. individual electrocatalytic properties of transition metals

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/s0360-3199(98)00014-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 1121-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Jelena M. Jaksic ◽

Nikola M. Ristic ◽

Nedeljko V. Krstajic ◽

Milan M. Jaksic

Keyword(s):

Transition Metals ◽

Hydrogen Electrode ◽

Electrocatalytic Properties ◽

Electrode Reactions ◽

Structural Bonding

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Marking Electrocatalysts on the “Volcanic Belt” of Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 125 (10) ◽

pp. 5587-5595

Author(s):

Junwei Li ◽

Yaxin Ji ◽

Junxiang Chen ◽

Zhenhai Wen

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Belt ◽

Hydrogen Electrode ◽

Electrode Reactions

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On the Effect of Cu on the Activity of Carbon Supported Ni Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Electrode Reactions in Alkaline Medium

Topics in Catalysis ◽

10.1007/s11244-015-0487-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (18-20) ◽

pp. 1181-1192 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Alexandr G. Oshchepkov ◽

Pavel A. Simonov ◽

Olga V. Cherstiouk ◽

Renat R. Nazmutdinov ◽

Dmitrii V. Glukhov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Medium ◽

Ni Nanoparticles ◽

Hydrogen Electrode ◽

Electrode Reactions ◽

Supported Ni

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Competition between the rearrangement of electrodeposited overlayers of copper on platinum and the hydrogen electrode reactions

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1016/0022-0728(87)85150-1 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 229 (1-2) ◽

pp. 327-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

D. Margheritis ◽

R.C. Salvarezza ◽

M.C. Giordano ◽

A.J. Arvia

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Electrode ◽

Electrode Reactions

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Spillover Phenomena and Its Striking Impacts in Electrocatalysis for Hydrogen and Oxygen Electrode Reactions

Advances in Physical Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2011/412165 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Georgios D. Papakonstantinou ◽

Jelena M. Jaksic ◽

Diamantoula Labou ◽

Angeliki Siokou ◽

Milan M. Jaksic

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Mixed Valence ◽

Spillover Effect ◽

Oxygen Electrode ◽

Dissociative Adsorption ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Membrane Properties ◽

Hydrogen Electrode ◽

Electrode Reactions ◽

Metal Support Interaction

The core subject of the present paper represents the interrelated spillover (effusion) phenomena both of the primary oxide and the H-adatoms, their theory and practice, causes, appearances and consequences, and evidences of existence, their specific properties, and their alterpolar equilibria and kinetic behavior, structural, and resulting catalytic, and double layer charging features. The aim is to introduce electron conductive and d-d interactive individual and composite (mixed valence) hypo-d-oxide compounds, of increased altervalent capacity, or their suboxides (Magnéli phases), as the interactive catalytic supports and therefrom provide (i) the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) catalytic effect and (ii) dynamic spillover interactive transfer of primary oxides (M-OH) and free effusional H-adatoms for further electrode reactions and thereby advance the overall electrocatalytic activity. Since hypo-d-oxides feature the exchange membrane properties, the higher the altervalent capacity, the higher the spillover effect. In fact, altervalent hypo-d-oxides impose spontaneous dissociative adsorption of water molecules and then spontaneously pronounced membrane spillover transferring properties instantaneously resulting with corresponding bronze type (Pt/HxWO3) under cathodic and/or its hydrated state (Pt/W(OH)6), responsible for Pt-OH effusion, under anodic polarization, this way establishing instantaneous reversibly revertible alterpolar bronze features (Pt/H0.35WO3 Pt/W(OH)6) and substantially advanced electrocatalytic properties of these composite interactive electrocatalysts. Such nanostructured-type electrocatalysts, even of mixed-valence hypo-d-oxide structures (Pt/H0.35WO3/TiO2/C, Pt/HxNbO3/TiO2/C), have for the first time been synthesized by the sol-gel methods and shown rather high stability, electron conductivity, and nonexchanged initial pure monobronze spillover and catalytic properties. Such a unique electrocatalytic system, as the striking target issue of the present paper, has been shown to be the superior for substantiation of the revertible cell assembly for spontaneous reversible alterpolar interchanges between PEMFC and WE. The main target of the present thorough review study has been to throw some specific insight light on the overall spillover phenomena and their effects in electrocatalysis of oxygen and hydrogen electrode reactions from diverse angles of view and broad contemporary experimental methods and approaches (XPS, FTIR, DRIFT, XRD, potentiodynamic spectra, UHRTEM).

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