scholarly journals Evaluation of genotoxic potential of amitraz by cytogenetic test in vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Pejin ◽  
Zoran Stanimirovic ◽  
Jevrosima Stevanovic ◽  
Zoran Kulisic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Robertsonian Translocation ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Cytostatic Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Genotoxic Potential

The genotoxic effect of amitraz (3.6 mg/kg b.m, 1.8 mg/kg b.m, 0.9 mg/kg b.m) on bone marrow cells of HAN strain mice was examined in vivo by following the frequency of numeric and structural chromosomal aberrations, while the cytostatic effect of the same preparation was followed through the mitotic index. The first experimental dose (3.6 mg/kg b.m) caused a statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in the mitotic index, while the second (1.8 mg/kg b.m) and the third (0.9 mg/kg b.m.) experimental dose statistically significantly (p<0.01) decreased the value of the mitotic index in animals of both sexes. All the applied doses exhibited an ability to induce numeric (aneuploidy and polyploidy) and structural (Robertsonian translocation) chromosomal aberrations. It can be concluded on the basis of the obtained results that the examined substance exhibits a genotoxic dose-dependant effect. .

scholarly journals Genotoxic action of the sesquiterpene lactone glaucolide B on mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regislaine V. Burim ◽  
Renata Canalle ◽  
João L. Callegari Lopes ◽  
Catarina S. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Marrow Cells

Glaucolide B is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Vernonia eremophila Mart. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) and has schistosomicidal, antimicrobial and analgesic activities. This study examined the cytotoxic and clastogenic activities of glaucolide B in human cultured lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells from BALB/c mice. The mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations were analyzed in both of the above systems, whereas sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and the proliferation index (PI) were determined only in vitro. In human cultured lymphocytes, glaucolide B concentrations greater than 15 µg/ml of culture medium completely inhibited cell growth. At 4 µg/ml and 8 µg/ml of culture medium, glaucolide B significantly increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes and was also cytotoxic at concentrations ³8 µg/ml; there was no increase in the frequency of SCE. Glaucolide B (160-640 mg/kg) did not significantly increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells nor did it affect cell division. Since glaucolide B showed no clastogenic action on mammalian cells in vivo but was cytotoxic and clastogenic in vitro, caution is needed in its medicinal use.

scholarly journals In vivo assessment of genotoxic potential of brown shammah (smokeless tobacco) in bone marrow cells of mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Tripathi ◽  
Saeed Alshahrani ◽  
Hassan A. Alhazmi ◽  
Rina Tripathi ◽  
Abdul Hakeem Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
In Vivo Assessment ◽  
Marrow Cells

scholarly journals Study the effect of Interaction between metronidazole and Pelargonium odoratissimum aquatic extracts in vivo and in vitro on mammalian cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Mayassa F. AL_Romani ◽  
Khulood AL_Samarrae ◽  
Esmail Shubber
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Human Blood Lymphocyte

The present study was designed to investigate the role of P. odoratissimum aquatic extracts in reducing the genotoxic effects of metronidazole in mice in vivo and human blood lymphocyte in vitro. The parametrers which evaluated in mice were used: mitotic index and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow, while for human blood lymphocyte were mitotic index, blast index, replicative index, sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations. The cytogenetic effects of the drug and plant aquatic extracts were investigated after four days of oral administration for mice with metronidazole and aqueous extract at doses 400mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively while the concentrations of metronidazole and aqueous extract in human blood lymphocyte culture was 80µg/ml, and 10µg/ml respectively. An interaction study of plant extract with metronidazole was carried out through three types of treatments (before, after and mixture of plant extract and drug treatment) to determine the activity of P. odoratissimum aqueous extract in reducing the side effects of drug both in vitro and in vivo. Aquatic extract of P.odoratissimum at the concentration of 10µg/ml, showed a protective value against the genotoxic effect of metronidazole at 80µg/ml. concentration .In mouse bone marrow cells and human blood lymphocyte culture, this was more pronounced in pre-treatment and simultaneous treatment than in post-treatment. So P. odoratissimum aquatic extract is considered as desmutagen in the first order and bioantimutagen in the second order, as a result for its ability to repair CA and increase MI in mouse system and in human blood lymphocyte culture system . It also had the ability to increase BI and RI and decrease SCE in human blood lymphocytes culture in vitro.

RADIOCYTOGENETIC EFFECTS ON BONE MARROW CELLS OF OPOSSUM IN VIVO

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Prasad ◽  
S. C. Bushong ◽  
R. S. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Marrow Cells

Bone marrow cells of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana) were examined 24 hr following a whole-body 60Co radiation dose of 100, 300, 500 and 700 rads. Analysis of the number of chromosomes and the chromosomal aberrations resulted in a radiation sensitivity of 0.000605 aberrations/cell/rad and 0.59 × 10−6 aberrations/cell/rad2 for single-hit and multihit type damage respectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of genotoxic potential of the insecticide Dichlorvos using cytogenetic assay

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Nazam ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal Lone ◽  
Sibhghatulla Shaikh ◽  
Waseem Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Genotoxic Activity ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract The possible genotoxic activity of Dichlorvos (2,2-Dichlorovinyl-O,O-dimethyl phosphate/DDVP, CAS No. 62-73-7), an organophosphorus insecticide was investigated employing three cytogenetic end points, i.e. micronucleus (MN) assay, mitotic indices (MI) and chromosome abberation (CA) analysis in vivo. The assays were carried out in hematopoietic bone marrow cells of Mus musculus at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30% of LD50 for intraperitoneal (ip) administration, corresponding to 0.06, 0.08 and 0.13 mg/kg Bwt, respectively. The normal control group received single ip dose of distilled water (2 ml/100 g Bwt), while animals of the positive group were injected with cyclophosphamide, a model mutagen (40 mg/kg Bwt) under identical conditions. The animals were sacrificed 24, 48 and 72 hrs post treatment. Under the present experimental conditions, there was no evidence of significant increase of MN frequencies at any dose or sampling time in polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes. The PCE/NCE ratio was not notably affected; however, a slight depression in prolonged exposure (48, 72 hr) intervals and a slight increase at the 24 hr interval were observed. Cells with various structural chromosome aberrations were noted but no significant (p<0.05; Man-Whitney U-test) differences in the frequencies of CA or mitotic indices (p<0.05; X2 test) were observed between Dichlorvos treated groups and the normal control group at doses or time intervals used. The results of the present investigation reflects a negative in vivo genotoxic potential of Dichlorvos at sublethal doses in bone marrow cells. Further studies are underway to confirm the presence or absence of genotoxic activity since compounds negative in genotoxic evaluation are susceptible of being carcinogens triggering cancer by genotoxic or non-genotoxic mechanisms.

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