scholarly journals Study the effect of Interaction between metronidazole and Pelargonium odoratissimum aquatic extracts in vivo and in vitro on mammalian cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Mayassa F. AL_Romani ◽  
Khulood AL_Samarrae ◽  
Esmail Shubber
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Human Blood Lymphocyte

The present study was designed to investigate the role of P. odoratissimum aquatic extracts in reducing the genotoxic effects of metronidazole in mice in vivo and human blood lymphocyte in vitro. The parametrers which evaluated in mice were used: mitotic index and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow, while for human blood lymphocyte were mitotic index, blast index, replicative index, sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations. The cytogenetic effects of the drug and plant aquatic extracts were investigated after four days of oral administration for mice with metronidazole and aqueous extract at doses 400mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively while the concentrations of metronidazole and aqueous extract in human blood lymphocyte culture was 80µg/ml, and 10µg/ml respectively. An interaction study of plant extract with metronidazole was carried out through three types of treatments (before, after and mixture of plant extract and drug treatment) to determine the activity of P. odoratissimum aqueous extract in reducing the side effects of drug both in vitro and in vivo. Aquatic extract of P.odoratissimum at the concentration of 10µg/ml, showed a protective value against the genotoxic effect of metronidazole at 80µg/ml. concentration .In mouse bone marrow cells and human blood lymphocyte culture, this was more pronounced in pre-treatment and simultaneous treatment than in post-treatment. So P. odoratissimum aquatic extract is considered as desmutagen in the first order and bioantimutagen in the second order, as a result for its ability to repair CA and increase MI in mouse system and in human blood lymphocyte culture system . It also had the ability to increase BI and RI and decrease SCE in human blood lymphocytes culture in vitro.

scholarly journals Genotoxic action of the sesquiterpene lactone glaucolide B on mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regislaine V. Burim ◽  
Renata Canalle ◽  
João L. Callegari Lopes ◽  
Catarina S. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Marrow Cells

Glaucolide B is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Vernonia eremophila Mart. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) and has schistosomicidal, antimicrobial and analgesic activities. This study examined the cytotoxic and clastogenic activities of glaucolide B in human cultured lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells from BALB/c mice. The mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations were analyzed in both of the above systems, whereas sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and the proliferation index (PI) were determined only in vitro. In human cultured lymphocytes, glaucolide B concentrations greater than 15 µg/ml of culture medium completely inhibited cell growth. At 4 µg/ml and 8 µg/ml of culture medium, glaucolide B significantly increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes and was also cytotoxic at concentrations ³8 µg/ml; there was no increase in the frequency of SCE. Glaucolide B (160-640 mg/kg) did not significantly increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells nor did it affect cell division. Since glaucolide B showed no clastogenic action on mammalian cells in vivo but was cytotoxic and clastogenic in vitro, caution is needed in its medicinal use.

Cytogenetic Effects of the Insecticide Methamidophos in Mouse Bone Marrow and Cultured Mouse Spleen Cells*

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheir M. Amer ◽  
Magdy A. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Abstract The cytogenetic effect of the insecticide methamidophos (0,S-dimethylphosphoroamidothiolate) was studied in mouse bone marrow and mouse spleen cells in culture. In vivo the ability of methamidophos to induce micronuclei and sisterchromatid exchange in mouse bone marrow was investigated. In vitro mouse spleen cells in culture were used to assess the ability of the insecticide to induce chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange. Three different routes of application for the pure insecticide were tested so as to cover the different possibilities for human exposure to the insecticide. Intraperitoneal, oral and dermal treatment with metham idophos caused toxicity to marrow as indicated bv a significant increase in the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes (PEs) over that of the control. Methamidophos showed mutagenic potential as evidenced by a positive response in the micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations assays. Thus, single and multiple i.p. injections at 6 and 4.5 mg methamidophos/kg body w t., oral administration of the insecticide for 14 consecutive days at a dietary level of 100 ppm and multiple dermal treatments (total 4) with 24 mg/kg body wt. induced a statistically significant increase in the frequency of PEs with micronuclei in mouse bone marrow. Moreover, the tested concentrations of m etham idophos as low as 0.25 ng/ml induced a high percentage of metaphases with chromosomal aberrations in cultured mouse spleen cells. Methamidophos is a weak inducer of SCEs in mouse bone marrow and cultured mouse spleen cells.

scholarly journals Studies of allogeneic bone marrow and spleen cell transplantation in a murine model using ultraviolet-B light

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 2072-2078
Author(s):  
DH Pamphilon ◽  
AA Alnaqdy ◽  
V Godwin ◽  
AW Preece ◽  
TB Wallington
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Cell Recovery ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Graft Versus Host

Ultraviolet irradiation inhibits alloreactive and mitogen-induced responses and might reduce both graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft reactions after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We have studied proliferative responses to mitogens and reactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture after irradiation with ultraviolet (UV)-B light using splenocytes from Balb/c (H-2d) and CBA (H-2k) mice. Response to mitogens and in MLC was strongly inhibited by 20 J/m2 and abolished at 50 J/m2. Clonogenic cell recovery (CFU-GM; CFU-S) after UV-B irradiation was also reduced. When bone marrow and spleen cells were transplanted from parent (Balb/c) animals into F1 hybrid (Balb/c X CBA) recipients, all animals died with features indicative of graft-versus- host disease (GVHD) in 34 days. If the grafts were first irradiated with 100 J/m2 of UV-B at a mean wavelength of 310 nm, then 76% survived to day 80 when they were killed and shown to have normal marrow cellularity. The remainder died in marrow aplasia or of GVHD. H-2 typing in a group of surviving recipients showed either donor hematopoiesis only (8 of 15), mixed allogeneic chimerism (5 of 15), or recipient type hematopoiesis (2 of 15). Higher doses (200 to 300 J/m2) were detrimental to survival with 88% of recipients dying in marrow aplasia. Syngeneic BMT in Balb/c mice showed slower hematopoietic reconstitution when the grafts were first irradiated with 100 J/m2. After BMT from Balb/c to CBA mice all recipients of unirradiated grafts died within 54 days. By contrast, after graft irradiation with 100 J/m2 survival of recipient animals to day 80 was 59%. If these grafts were treated with 50 J/m2 survival was only 26% with an increase in deaths due to GVHD. Hematopoiesis at day 80 in a group of survivors studied by Ig heavy chain allotyping indicated donor type hematopoiesis in 6 of 10 (50 J/m2) and 2 of 9 (100 J/m2). These data indicate that UV-B irradiation inhibits lymphocyte reactivity and can prevent GVHD. However, there is clear in vitro and in vivo evidence of stem cell damage, such that autologous marrow recovery was demonstrated in a proportion of recipients. In parent----F1 UV-irradiated transplants, sustained hematopoietic recovery was effected in the majority by donor stem cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genotoxic potential of amitraz by cytogenetic test in vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Pejin ◽  
Zoran Stanimirovic ◽  
Jevrosima Stevanovic ◽  
Zoran Kulisic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Robertsonian Translocation ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Cytostatic Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Genotoxic Potential

The genotoxic effect of amitraz (3.6 mg/kg b.m, 1.8 mg/kg b.m, 0.9 mg/kg b.m) on bone marrow cells of HAN strain mice was examined in vivo by following the frequency of numeric and structural chromosomal aberrations, while the cytostatic effect of the same preparation was followed through the mitotic index. The first experimental dose (3.6 mg/kg b.m) caused a statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in the mitotic index, while the second (1.8 mg/kg b.m) and the third (0.9 mg/kg b.m.) experimental dose statistically significantly (p<0.01) decreased the value of the mitotic index in animals of both sexes. All the applied doses exhibited an ability to induce numeric (aneuploidy and polyploidy) and structural (Robertsonian translocation) chromosomal aberrations. It can be concluded on the basis of the obtained results that the examined substance exhibits a genotoxic dose-dependant effect. .

scholarly journals Studies of allogeneic bone marrow and spleen cell transplantation in a murine model using ultraviolet-B light

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 2072-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Pamphilon ◽  
AA Alnaqdy ◽  
V Godwin ◽  
AW Preece ◽  
TB Wallington
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Cell Recovery ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Graft Versus Host

Abstract Ultraviolet irradiation inhibits alloreactive and mitogen-induced responses and might reduce both graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft reactions after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We have studied proliferative responses to mitogens and reactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture after irradiation with ultraviolet (UV)-B light using splenocytes from Balb/c (H-2d) and CBA (H-2k) mice. Response to mitogens and in MLC was strongly inhibited by 20 J/m2 and abolished at 50 J/m2. Clonogenic cell recovery (CFU-GM; CFU-S) after UV-B irradiation was also reduced. When bone marrow and spleen cells were transplanted from parent (Balb/c) animals into F1 hybrid (Balb/c X CBA) recipients, all animals died with features indicative of graft-versus- host disease (GVHD) in 34 days. If the grafts were first irradiated with 100 J/m2 of UV-B at a mean wavelength of 310 nm, then 76% survived to day 80 when they were killed and shown to have normal marrow cellularity. The remainder died in marrow aplasia or of GVHD. H-2 typing in a group of surviving recipients showed either donor hematopoiesis only (8 of 15), mixed allogeneic chimerism (5 of 15), or recipient type hematopoiesis (2 of 15). Higher doses (200 to 300 J/m2) were detrimental to survival with 88% of recipients dying in marrow aplasia. Syngeneic BMT in Balb/c mice showed slower hematopoietic reconstitution when the grafts were first irradiated with 100 J/m2. After BMT from Balb/c to CBA mice all recipients of unirradiated grafts died within 54 days. By contrast, after graft irradiation with 100 J/m2 survival of recipient animals to day 80 was 59%. If these grafts were treated with 50 J/m2 survival was only 26% with an increase in deaths due to GVHD. Hematopoiesis at day 80 in a group of survivors studied by Ig heavy chain allotyping indicated donor type hematopoiesis in 6 of 10 (50 J/m2) and 2 of 9 (100 J/m2). These data indicate that UV-B irradiation inhibits lymphocyte reactivity and can prevent GVHD. However, there is clear in vitro and in vivo evidence of stem cell damage, such that autologous marrow recovery was demonstrated in a proportion of recipients. In parent----F1 UV-irradiated transplants, sustained hematopoietic recovery was effected in the majority by donor stem cells.

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