International Conflict Resolution: The US-USSR and Middle East Cases

It is a common assumption in the international media that the fundamentalist Christian Right suddenly appeared on the US political scene following the 11 September 2001 tragedy, and that it became a major force in shaping US policy in the Middle East. While it is true that fundamentalist Christians have exercised considerable influence during the George W. Bush administration, their ascendance is neither new nor surprising. The movement has demonstrated political influence in the US and England intermittently for more than a hundred years, particularly in the formation of Middle East policy. This article focuses on the unique theology and historical development of Christian Zionism, noting its essential beliefs, its emergence in England during the nineteenth century, and how it grew to gain prominence in the US. The alliance of the pro-Israel lobby, the neo-conservative movement, and several Christian Zionist organizations in the US represents a formidable source of support for the more maximalist views of Israel's Likud Party. In the run-up to the 2004 US presidential elections this alliance could potentially thwart any progress on an Israeli–Palestinian peace plan in the near future. Moreover, Likud ideology is increasingly evident in US Middle East policy as a result of this alliance.

Download Full-text

МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОСТЬ В ПОДГОТОВКЕ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГОВ: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

Konfliktologia ◽

10.31312/2310-6085-2020-15-1-13-38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

А. И. Стребков ◽

А. И. Мусаев

Keyword(s):

Conflict Resolution ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Subject Matter ◽

Academic Program ◽

Academic Programs ◽

Full Time ◽

The Us ◽

Promotional Materials ◽

Russian Universities ◽

Educational Methodology

The present article concerns with the modern state of things of the conflict resolution specialists’ training in the US universities. The analysis is based on the informational and promotional materials which were picked up from the 11 American universities’ websites. The aim of the analysis was the examination of the four sections, which are: the orientation of the academic program, the content of the program or the scope of the skills, the main methodology of the academic program and the educational technologies. Together with the analysis of the US universities’ academic programs the article provides the comparative analysis of these programs with the Russian academic programs. On the back of this comparative analysis the authors come to the comprehensive conclusion according to which the specialists’ training in the field of the conflict resolution and peacebuilding in the US does not have significant differences from Russian ones and is carried out within one international academic trend in regard to its main features which are: the orientation, content, educational methodology and technologies. The key distinction of the Russian training from the American one is that the Russian academic tradition does have the core subject matter around which the whole academic program is being developed and which is the conflict. This subject matter is being taken in its entirety and the conflict resolution is considered as the closing stage of the conflict studies specialists’ training whereas the academic programs of the US universities embrace the conflict resolution as the subject matter of the academic training and therefores leaves beyond the scope of the training both the theory of the conflict and the forms practice of its manifestation in a number of the programs. The letter is peculiar to both short-term academic programs and the full-time two-year academic programs as it is accepted in the educational space of the Russian Federation. Furthermore, the authors of the article make up the conclusion of the coinciding major educational methodology which guides the academic programs of the American and Russian universities and which is developed on the principles of the interdisciplinarity.

Download Full-text