Variation in the Early Paleoindian Economies of Late Pleistocene Eastern North America

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Tankersley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
New York State ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
York State ◽  
Significant Patterns

The nature of Early Paleoindian economies in late Pleistocene eastern North America has been extensively debated by archaeologists. To better understand paleoeconomies we need to examine intraregional and interregional diversity in the production, consumption, distribution, and exchange of materials that sustained or reproduced early Paleoindian livelihoods. Coarse-grained comparisons drawn on the composition of flaked-stone tool assemblages from early Paleoindian sites in the Northeast (western New York State) and the western Midwest (the confluence area of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Illinois rivers) show varying degrees of homogeneity and heterogeneity in the use of tool stone. Statistically significant patterns from stone procurement and tool manufacturing sites, base camps, and food procurement and processing sites are presented in support of a pancontinental model of flexible economies during a period of rapid and dramatic environmental change.

Geoarchaeology of the Kilmer Site: A Paleoindian Habitation in the Appalachian Uplands

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Tankersley ◽  
John D. Holland ◽  
Royce L. Kilmer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
New York State ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Mountainous Terrain ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
York State

Kilmer is a multicomponent Paleoindian site located in the Appalachian Uplands of New York State. It is situated on high and low late Pleistocene outwash terraces (T2 and T1). In mountainous areas, these landforms are susceptible to weathering and erosional processes. The paucity of sites in the Appalachian Uplands is likely the result of geologically active landscapes. The occurrence of Paleoindian sites in the mountainous terrain of eastern North America suggests economic diversification, a cultural response to unpredictable food resources near the end of the Pleistocene.

Sirex species (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and their parasitoids in Pinus sylvestris in eastern North America

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Long ◽  
David W. Williams ◽  
Anne E. Hajek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
New York State ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
York State ◽  
Sirex Nigricornis ◽  
Percent Parasitism ◽  
Central New York

AbstractSiricids and their parasitoids were reared from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L. (Pinaceae)) trees infested by Sirex noctilio F. in central New York State. Sirex noctilio accounted for 94.3% of the siricid specimens emerging, totaling 1313 specimens from six trees, with a maximum of 495 from one tree. Of the individuals emerging per tree, 20.6 ± 5.2% were female. Two native siricids, Sirex nigricornis F. and S. edwardsii Brullè, also emerged from trees but in low numbers. Three hymenopteran parasitoid species that attack siricids emerged, totaling 21.8 ± 6.4% parasitism per tree. Ibalia leucospoides ensiger Norton (Ibaliidae) was by far the most abundant parasitoid, at 20.5 ± 6.3% parasitism per tree. The percentage of female S. noctilio emerging was positively correlated with wood diameter, whereas percent parasitism by I. l. ensiger was negatively correlated with wood diameter.

Urocleidus aculeatus (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae) from Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) (Pisces: Percidae) in eastern North America: anatomy and systematic position

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Suriano ◽  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New York State ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
York State ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Anatomical Characters

The anatomy of Urocleidus aculeatus (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) Mueller, 1934 from the gills of Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) in Ontario, Canada, and New York State, U.S. A., is redescribed. Urocleidus aculeatus is regarded as type species of Urocleidus Mueller, 1934 and a revised generic diagnosis is presented. The taxonomic importance of some anatomical characters and the possible origin of some ancyrocephaline forms are discussed.

The first diploaspidid (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from North America (Silurian, Bertie Group, New York State) is the oldest species of Diploaspis

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES C. LAMSDELL ◽  
DEREK E. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New York State ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
York State ◽  
Upper Silurian ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA single specimen of a new species of the chasmataspidid Diploaspis Størmer, 1972 is described from the upper Silurian (Pridoli) Phelps Member of the Fiddlers Green Formation (Bertie Group) in Herkimer County, New York State, USA. Diploaspis praecursor sp. nov. is distinguished by the shape of the posterolateral margins of the buckler, which are drawn out into angular epimera, and by the lack of elongate tubercles on the postabdomen. This discovery increases the taxonomic diversity of the Bertie Group by extending the geographic extent of Diploaspididae into North America. D. praecursor pre-dates previously known species of Diploaspis by more than 10 million years.

Mastodon herbivory in mid-latitude late-Pleistocene boreal forests of eastern North America

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea L. Teale ◽  
Norton G. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Vegetational Diversity ◽  
Response To Environmental Change

AbstractSkeletal remains of the extinct American mastodon have often been found with deposits of short, decorticated twigs intermixed with plant fragments presumed to be gastrointestinal or fecal material. If such deposits are digesta, paleobotanical evidence may be used to analyze mastodon foraging strategy, with implications for assessing habitat selection, ecological roles, and response to environmental change. To identify components of mastodon diet in mid-latitude late-Pleistocene boreall forests of eastern North America, plant macrofossils and pollen from a molar socket (Hyde Park site, New York) were compared with dispersed deposits associated with skeletal remains (Hiscock and Chemung sites, New York). Similar macrofossil condition and twig morphology among samples, but difference from a modern boreal fen analog, confirmed the deposits were digesta. Comparison of twigs with material from other paleontological sites and modern elephants suggested dimensions generally indicative of digesta. Picea formed the bulk of each sample but Pinus may have been locally important. Wintertime browsing of Salix and Populus, and springtime consumption of Alnus, were indicated. Evidence for Cyperaceae, Gramineae, and Compositae was ambiguous. If conifers, broadleaf trees, shrubs, and herbs were necessary to fulfill dietary requirements, mastodons would have been nutritionally stressed by rapid late-Pleistocene decrease in vegetational diversity.

St. Lawrence County’s Swartzentruber Amish

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Johnson-Weiner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Families

This chapter explores how the Swartzentruber Amish families who began to arrive in New York State in 1974 came because there was affordable land available. Although the availability of cheap farmland was a key factor in their decision to move to New York, many Swartzentruber families, like the Troyer families who moved to the Conewango Valley, were also motivated by the desire to raise their children in a homogeneous community, away from the influence of different, often more progressive Amish groups. The move allowed the Swartzentruber Amish newcomers to distance themselves from the larger Ohio Old Order community and a history of conflict and schism. With large families, the Swartzentruber Amish are among the fastest-growing groups in North America, and the new settlement expanded quickly.

FIRST RECORD IN NORTH AMERICA OF THE CENTIPEDE PARASITE LOEWIA FOEDA (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE)

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Wood ◽  
A. G. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
New York State ◽  
First Record ◽  
York State

AbstractLoewia foeda (Mg.), a European parasite of the centipede Lithobius, is recorded from two localities in New York State where it has evidently become established as an addition to the Nearctic fauna. The adult is redescribed and figured and its life history briefly reviewed.

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