The structural positions of the ophiolite complex in the Earth crust of the western Tien-Shan

The westernmost parts of the Tien Shan region are located between two areas of crustal suturing, formed by the closure of the Turkestan Ocean, and probably the closure of a second ocean, the Gissar Ocean. Regional correlation of these sutures, however, has been problematic due to the lack of geological and geophysical data, as well as conflicting interpretations within the literature of various geological bodies. We summarize the information about Paleozoic ophiolites of westernmost parts of the Tien Shan for the international geoscientific audience from the literature and our own unpublished data. We focus on the best-known examples of Southern Tien Shan ophiolites which are remnants of Paleo-Asian Ocean, aligned in two main belts in Uzbekistan. Ophiolites reveal a wide age spectrum ranging from the Ordovician to the Devonian on the northern slope of Southern Tien Shan, and the Early Carboniferous on the southern slope. Considering all data on these ophiolites as well as regional considerations lets us conclude that a single ocean located subduction of the Turkestan Ocean basin under the northern Karakum-Tadjik terrane caused back-arc continentalo ruisft.i ngo iunththwearGdi ssar region in Early Carboniferous resulted in the formation of a small basin with oceanic crust. By late Carboniferous/early Permian times, both oceanic basins were subducted.

The Upper Cretaceous deposits structure of Western Siberia

As the title implies the article presents the results of many years comprehensive research of the Western Siberian Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy (without Cenomanian). The volume of Upper Cretaceous formation, their biostratigraphic and lithological characteristics are discussed. Based on the analysis of new materials (lithological, biostratigraphic, well geophysics investigation data, magnetostratigraphic, seismostratigraphic), the regional correlation scheme of formations, members and beds has been refined. A new model of correlation schemes, a scheme of facies zoning, and reasonable changes in the nomenclature of the Upper Cretaceous formations are proposed. The Slavgorod and Ipatovo horizons have been replaced by a single Berezovo horizon. Specific properties description of the new suites, established at the first (Okhteurievo, Tagul, Bolshaya Laida, Nizhnaya Agapa), have been done.

Human Action Recognition Using Spatio-Temporal Multiplier Network and Attentive Correlated Temporal Feature

Nowadays, action recognition has gained more attention from the computer vision community. Normally for recognizing human actions, spatial and temporal features are extracted. Two-stream convolutional neural network is used commonly for human action recognition in videos. In this paper, Adaptive motion Attentive Correlated Temporal Feature (ACTF) is used for temporal feature extractor. The temporal average pooling in inter-frame is used for extracting the inter-frame regional correlation feature and mean feature. This proposed method has better accuracy of 96.9% for UCF101 and 74.6% for HMDB51 datasets, respectively, which are higher than the other state-of-the-art methods.

Cenozoic stratigraphy of South Africa: current challenges and future possibilities

The Cenozoic stratigraphy of South Africa has developed over the past 166 years since geological mapping of the region was initiated. The current status of lithostratigraphy and the global chronostratigraphic framework is discussed in the context of the diverse Cenozoic regolith across the region. Geological mapping here utilizes lithostratigraphy to organise the Cenozoic deposits, although some extensive units are characterised informally using lithological descriptors. Although there are no formal biostratigraphic units, the allied use of “Land Mammal Ages” compiled from fossil type sites is described. An analogous archaeological cultural-historical “technocomplex” stratigraphy is outlined to subdivide stone age cultural material commonly associated with Quaternary deposits and has often been used as a relative dating framework. A summary table of Cenozoic regolith is presented, differentiating deposits into their terrain morphologically defined Geomorphic Province context as a means of correlating similar deposits across the subcontinent. For mapping units based on lithological characteristics, the use of lithodemic nomenclature to characterise units in each geomorphic province is proposed as a temporary measure to enhance inter-regional correlation and encourage further research that could lead to formal lithostratigraphic descriptions.

Tau spreading is driven by neuronal connectivity in primary tauopathies - evidence from tau-PET and histopathology

ABSTRACTTau pathology is the main driver of neuronal dysfunction in 4-repeat tauopathies (4RT), including cortico-basal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Tau is assumed to spread prion-like across connected neurons, but the mechanisms of tau propagation are largely elusive in 4RTs, characterized not only by neuronal but also by astroglial and oligodendroglial tau accumulation. Here, we assessed whether connectivity drives 4R-tau spreading patterns by combining resting-state fMRI connectomics with both 2nd generation 18F- PI-2620 tau-PET in 46 patients with clinically diagnosed 4RTs and post-mortem cell-type- specific regional tau assessments from two independent PSP samples (n=97/96). We found that inter-regional connectivity was associated with higher inter-regional correlation of both tau- PET and post-mortem tau levels in 4RTs. In regional cell-type specific post-mortem tau assessments, this association was stronger for neuronal than for astroglial or oligodendroglial tau, suggesting that connectivity is primarily associated with trans-neuronal tau spread. Using tau-PET we found that patient-level tau patterns can be predicted by the connectivity of subcortical tau epicenters. Together, the current study provides combined in vivo tau-PET and histopathological evidence for brain connectivity as a key mediator of trans-neuronal tau spreading in 4RTs.

Evidence for iceberg fertilization of the NW Atlantic

Icebergs are known to have a significant fertilizing impact on primary productivity in the Southern Ocean, but this link is yet to be investigated in the Northern Hemisphere. This study combines sightings of icebergs with satellite-derived ocean colour data from 1998 to 2015, to seek such a relationship in the NW Atlantic. Despite the obscuring coincidence of the seasonal iceberg flux with the spring bloom of chlorophyll, it is shown that there is a large-scale, one-month-lagged regional correlation between iceberg flux and chlorophyll levels. In addition, a spatial time-lag analysis is consistent with the main cause for the iceberg-chlorophyll relationship being through advection of the nutrients entrained in iceberg meltwater. This leads to a delayed fertilization response of 2–4 weeks. There are a range of possible sources for the nutrients likely leading to this delayed response. The Northern Hemisphere impact of iceberg meltwater on primary production is much less pronounced than in the Southern Ocean, but it is discernible.