Grassland Research and Experiment Geared to Restoration Management

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
John A. Matthews ◽  
J. P. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Restoration Management ◽  
Grassland Research

scholarly journals Factors influencing the persistence of reindeer lichens (Cladonia subgenus Cladina) within frequent-fire environments of the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA

Fire Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Ray ◽  
Gabriel D. Cahalan ◽  
James C. Lendemer
Keyword(s):  
Woody Debris ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Restoration Management ◽  
Terricolous Lichens ◽  
Reindeer Lichens ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Atlantic Coastal ◽  
Overstory Composition

Abstract Background Prescribed fire is increasingly used to accomplish management goals in fire-adapted systems, yet our understanding of effects on non-target organisms remains underdeveloped. Terricolous lichens in the genus Cladonia P. Browne, particularly cushion-forming reindeer lichens belonging to Cladonia subgenus Cladina Nyl., fit into this category, being characteristic of fire-adapted ecosystems, yet highly vulnerable to damage or consumption during burns. Moreover, inherently slow dispersal and growth rates raise questions about how to conserve these taxa in the context of fire-mediated restoration management. This research was undertaken to identify factors that contribute to Cladonia persistence within areas subject to repeated burning and involved tracking the fate of 228 spatially isolated individuals distributed across seven sites previously burned zero to two times. Site selection was determined by edaphic factors associated with a rare inland dune woodland community type known to support relatively high densities of Cladonia. Results Evaluated across all sites, the post-burn condition of Cladonia subtenuis (Abbayes) Mattick samples, categorized as intact (32%), fragmented (33%), or consumed (36%) individuals, approximated a uniform distribution. However, their status was highly variable at the different sites, where from 0 to 70% were assessed as intact and 11 to 60% consumed. Machine-learning statistical techniques were used to identify the factors most strongly associated with fire damage, drawing from variables describing the proximate fuel bed, growth substrate, and fire weather. The final descriptive model was dominated by variables characterizing the understory fuel matrix. Conclusions Areas with highly contiguous fuels dominated by pyrogenic pine needles were most likely to result in consumption of individual Cladonia, whereas those growing in areas with low fuel continuity or in areas dominated by hardwood litter were more likely to persist (intact or as fragments). Further, substrates including bare soil and moss mats afforded more protection than coarse woody debris or leaf litter in settings where fuels were both contiguous and highly flammable. Our findings describe the characteristics of within-site fire refugia, the abundance of which may be enhanced over time through restoration and maintenance treatments including thinning, promotion of mixed-species overstory composition, and periodic burning. Because lichens contribute to, and are considered reliable indicators of forest health, fire-based restoration management efforts will benefit from improved understanding of how these vulnerable organisms are able to persist.

Grassland Research Methods

Kew Bulletin ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
W. D. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Grassland Research

Local and landscape factors affecting communities of plants and diurnal Lepidoptera in black coal spoil heaps: Implications for restoration management

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Tropek ◽  
Martin Hejda ◽  
Tomas Kadlec ◽  
Lukas Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Black Coal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Restoration Management ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
Spoil Heaps

GRASSLAND RESEARCH ON BLANKET PEAT IN IRELAND

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. OToole
Keyword(s):  
Blanket Peat ◽  
Grassland Research

scholarly journals Botanical grassland research and nature conservation

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
A. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Grassland Research

scholarly journals Vegetation and seed bank dynamics highlight the importance of post-restoration management in sown grasslands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Valkó ◽  
Balázs Deák ◽  
Péter Török ◽  
Katalin Tóth ◽  
Réka Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
List Type ◽  
Restoration Management ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Term Management

AbstractSowing grass seeds generally supports the rapid development of a closed perennial vegetation, which makes the method universally suitable for fast and effective landscape-scale restoration of grasslands. However, sustaining the recovered grasslands, and increasing their diversity is a challenging task. Understanding the role of seed bank compositional changes and vegetation dynamics contributes to designating management regimes that support the establishment of target species and suppress weeds. Our aim was to reveal the effect of post-restoration management on the vegetation and seed bank dynamics in grasslands restored in one of the largest European landscape-scale restoration projects. Eight years after restoration we sampled the vegetation and seed bank in a total of 96 plots located in 12 recovered grasslands in the Great Hungarian Plain. In each recovered grassland stand we designated a mown (mown from Year 1 to Year 8) and an abandoned sample site (mown from Year 1 to Year 3 then abandoned from Year 4 to Year 8). Mown and abandoned sites showed divergent vegetation and seed bank development. Abandonment led to the decline of sown grasses and higher cover of weeds, especially in the alkaline grasslands. Our study confirmed that seed bank has a limited contribution to the maintenance of biodiversity in both grassland types. We found that five years of abandonment had a larger effect on the seed bank than on the vegetation. We stress that long-term management is crucial for controlling the emergence of the weeds from their dense seed bank in restored grasslands.Implications for practiceSeed sowing of grass mixtures can be a feasible tool for restoring grasslands at large scales. However, the developed vegetation usually has low biodiversity and a high seed density of weeds is typical in the soil seed bank even several years after the restoration. Therefore, post-restoration management is necessary for suppressing weeds both aboveground and belowground.We recommend to design the long-term management of the sites subjected to grassland restoration already in the planning phase of the restoration projects and ensure that the management plan is ecologically and economically feasible.We recommend to complement the monitoring of vegetation with the analysis of soil seed bank for evaluating restoration success.

Workshop to extend the involvement of stakeholders in decisions on restoration management

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nisbet ◽  
Brenda Howard ◽  
Nick Beresford ◽  
Gabriele Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Restoration Management

The production and utilization of winter grass

1954 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pearson Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Considerable Promise ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Grassland Research

The investigations that have been in progress at the Grassland Research Station, Stratford-on-Avon, on the management of grassland for the production of winter pasturage are discussed as four experiments, E 62, E117, E 86 and E158.Exp. E 62 was concerned solely with herbage production, while the remaining three have taken into account the performance of the beef animal under such pasture treatment.The maintenance of condition in the animal has proved possible over a number of winter seasons from 1948 to 1953, sufficiently so to warrant investigation of the means of providing as abundant pasturage as possible at this time of year from latesummer and autumn rested swards. The importance of integrating a system of winter utilization with summer production has become evident in the course of the work, and the necessity of upkeeping sward condition, more especially the grass-legume balance, has been realized. The use of alternate drills of grass and lucerne shows considerable promise in this respect. Intensive utilization and production has taken place from such seedings at all seasons without serious sward deterioration.The development of a grazing system for outwintering cattle destined to be fattened on summer pastures would provide a means whereby such cattle would be fed with as little attention and labour demand as is consistent with good stock management. With the need for cheapening of costs in beef production methods in Britain attention might well be paid to the methods outlined in the light of the experimental data presented.

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