scholarly journals Recent Excavations in Asia Minor

1903 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 335-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. B. Wace
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Western Asia

This paper does not profess to give anything more than a brief account of the important results obtained by the German and Austrian excavators up to the time of my visit to these sites in June. I should like in particular to direct the attention of English archaeologists to Western Asia Minor as a field of research that is practically untouched, especially as regards remains of the Hellenistic period. Brilliant results await the scientific explorer of important sites such as Sardis, Tralies, Laodicea, and Apamea, and all these are extremely easy of access. The English traveller cannot help feeling ashamed of English archaeology when he sees the unintelligible mass of ruins and brushwood that covers the site of the Artemisium at Ephesus.

scholarly journals Royal Polis Policy in the Seleukid Heartland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher Mark de L'isle
Keyword(s):  
Free Association ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Full Independence ◽  
City States ◽  
The Relationship

<p>In the Hellenistic Period most of the Greek poleis (city-states) came under the control of the Greco-Macedonian kings. The ideology of the poleis, which stressed the importance of autonomy, conflicted with the reality of royal domination. In Western Asia Minor, this conflict was resolved by presenting the relationship between king and polis as one of free association, in which the poleis were allowed a large amount of autonomy. The kings used ideas of reciprocity to tie the poleis to them and worked to make their rule as amenable as possible, while the poleis of Western Asia Minor continued to aspire to complete independence.  This was not the only possible resolution of the conflict between polis autonomy and royal dominance, however. In the Seleukid heartland of Syria and Mesopotamia the Seleukids founded and maintained new poleis. By means of names, myths, and symbols, the identities of these poleis were closely linked to the Seleukid dynasty. As a result, expressions of polis identity were expressions of loyalty to the dynasty, rather than of opposition. Their internal structures were based around an alliance between the royally-appointed epistatēs and the magistrates of the city, who represented a small civic elite. Royal support was thus important to the internal power structure of these poleis.  The poleis of the Seleukid heartland did not pursue full independence, even when the Seleukid royal power collapsed at the end of the Hellenistic period because, entirely unlike the poleis of Western Asia Minor, submission to a higher power was a central part of their identities and internal structures.</p>

scholarly journals Royal Polis Policy in the Seleukid Heartland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher Mark de L'isle
Keyword(s):  
Free Association ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Full Independence ◽  
City States ◽  
The Relationship

<p>In the Hellenistic Period most of the Greek poleis (city-states) came under the control of the Greco-Macedonian kings. The ideology of the poleis, which stressed the importance of autonomy, conflicted with the reality of royal domination. In Western Asia Minor, this conflict was resolved by presenting the relationship between king and polis as one of free association, in which the poleis were allowed a large amount of autonomy. The kings used ideas of reciprocity to tie the poleis to them and worked to make their rule as amenable as possible, while the poleis of Western Asia Minor continued to aspire to complete independence.  This was not the only possible resolution of the conflict between polis autonomy and royal dominance, however. In the Seleukid heartland of Syria and Mesopotamia the Seleukids founded and maintained new poleis. By means of names, myths, and symbols, the identities of these poleis were closely linked to the Seleukid dynasty. As a result, expressions of polis identity were expressions of loyalty to the dynasty, rather than of opposition. Their internal structures were based around an alliance between the royally-appointed epistatēs and the magistrates of the city, who represented a small civic elite. Royal support was thus important to the internal power structure of these poleis.  The poleis of the Seleukid heartland did not pursue full independence, even when the Seleukid royal power collapsed at the end of the Hellenistic period because, entirely unlike the poleis of Western Asia Minor, submission to a higher power was a central part of their identities and internal structures.</p>

The Milyas and the Attalids: a Decree of the City of Olbasa and a New Royal Letter of the Second Century B.C.

1994 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Kearsley
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The City

The site of Olbasa was first identified by the discovery of two Latin imperial inscriptions near the modern village of Belenli in 1842 and even today the surviving evidence from Olbasa (including as it does both texts and coins) still belongs chiefly to the imperial period. Olbasa's prominence then stemmed from the fact that it was “refounded” by Augustus as a military colony. Very little has been pieced together of the history and development of the city prior to the arrival of the Romans and the present inscription, therefore, represents a large advance on our knowledge of Olbasa in the Hellenistic period as well as contributing to our understanding of developments in the region at large.Modern research on the area of south-western Asia Minor now known as Lycia and Pisidia has been greatly assisted by the work of George Bean and Alan Hall both of whom published major articles containing topographical discussions and many previously unknown inscriptions. The Pisidian Survey Project led by Stephen Mitchell has also contributed greatly to our historical understanding of the region in both the Hellenistic and Roman periods by the archaeological studies conducted at the cities of Antioch by Pisidia, Sagalassos, Cremna and Ariassos.

Greek Tyrants and the Persians, 546–479 B.C.

1990 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Western Asia

The word ‘tyrant’ was not originally Greek, but borrowed from some eastern language, perhaps in western Asia Minor. On the other hand, tyranny as it developed in the Greek cities in the archaic age would seem to have been initially an indigenous growth, independent of any intervention by foreign powers. It then became a constantly recurring phenomenon of Greek political and social life, so long as the Greeks enjoyed an independent history.

Millennia in the Middle? Reconsidering the Chalcolithic of Asia Minor

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bleda S. Düring
Keyword(s):  
Food Resources ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Western Asia

This article focuses on how people lived in Asia Minor between about 5500 and 3000 BCE. It argues that the idea of a period dominated by small-scale, largely autarchic farming societies does not stand up to scrutiny. Although farming was of significant importance at many Chalcolithic societies in Asia Minor, the idea that wild food resources were no longer important is clearly mistaken. The Chalcolithic people were expanding their economies in multiple and often ingenious ways, and were increasingly partners in large exchange networks. Apart from farming, the exploitation of marine resources such as mollusks and fish has been documented. The rise of seafaring can be recognized through the distribution of Melos obsidian and the emergence of a cultural horizon in the northern Aegean that included western Asia Minor and the Aegean islands.

Lucullus and Mithridates VI

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-191
Author(s):  
Duane W. Roller
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Greek City ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Asia

The third and final war between Mithridates VI and Rome began in 73 BC and was to last for a decade. The alliance with Sertorius came to nothing because of the death of the adventurer in 72 BC, but Mithridates embarked on the most extensive of his campaigns, with movements into the Roman territories of western Asia Minor. The proconsul L. Licinius Lucullus, formerly one of Sulla’s legates, was sent against him. After initial successes on the part of the king, fortunes began to turn against him, exemplified by a disastrous and lengthy siege of the Greek city of Kyzikos on the Propontis. But the war dragged on for several years, and in the summer of 67 BC Lucullus was recalled, accused of prolonging the war for his own aggrandizement.

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