The Milyas and the Attalids: a Decree of the City of Olbasa and a New Royal Letter of the Second Century B.C.

1994 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Kearsley
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The City

The site of Olbasa was first identified by the discovery of two Latin imperial inscriptions near the modern village of Belenli in 1842 and even today the surviving evidence from Olbasa (including as it does both texts and coins) still belongs chiefly to the imperial period. Olbasa's prominence then stemmed from the fact that it was “refounded” by Augustus as a military colony. Very little has been pieced together of the history and development of the city prior to the arrival of the Romans and the present inscription, therefore, represents a large advance on our knowledge of Olbasa in the Hellenistic period as well as contributing to our understanding of developments in the region at large.Modern research on the area of south-western Asia Minor now known as Lycia and Pisidia has been greatly assisted by the work of George Bean and Alan Hall both of whom published major articles containing topographical discussions and many previously unknown inscriptions. The Pisidian Survey Project led by Stephen Mitchell has also contributed greatly to our historical understanding of the region in both the Hellenistic and Roman periods by the archaeological studies conducted at the cities of Antioch by Pisidia, Sagalassos, Cremna and Ariassos.

Pergamum as Paradigm

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Weisser
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Imperial Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The Editors of this Book Requested a study of an individual city to contrast with the broader regional surveys. This contribution attempts to demonstrate the advantages of a fuller exploration of the specific context of a civic coinage by focusing on selected issues from the coinage of Pergamum— alongside Ephesus and Smyrna one of the three largest cities in the Western part of Asia Minor. In the Julio-Claudian period Pergamum’s coin designs were dominated by the imperial succession and the city’s first neocorate temple (17 BC–AD 59). In AD 59 Pergamum’s coinage stopped for more than two decades. When it resumed under Domitian (AD 83) new topics were continuously introduced until the reign of Caracalla (AD 211–17). These included gods, cults, heroes, personifications, architecture, sculpture, games, and civic titles. After Caracalla the city concentrated on a few key images, such as Asclepius or the emperor. At the same time, coin legends— especially civic titles—gained greater importance. This trend continued until the city’s coinage came to an end under Gallienus (AD 253–68). The overall range of Pergamum’s coin iconography was broadly similar to that of other cities in the East of the Roman empire. Coins of Pergamum from the imperial period fall into (at least) sixty-four issues, the most diverse of which employed twenty different coin types. In all, around 340 different types are currently known. They provide a solid base from which to explore various relationships. These include the relationship between coin obverses and reverses, as well as the place of an individual coin type within its own issue, and within the city’s coinage as a whole. Coin designs could allude to objects and events within Pergamum itself, or focus on the city’s connections with the outside world: with small neighbouring cities, with the other great cities within the province of Asia, or with Rome and the imperial family. Communication via the medium of civic coinage was in the first instance presumably directed towards the citizens of Pergamum. At the same time coinage also reflected developments outside the city. Social and geographical mobility was encouraged by an imperial system which allowed distinguished members of local elites access to the highest military and administrative posts.

scholarly journals Aristonicus, Blossius, and the City of the Sun

1961 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Africa
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Revolutionary Regime ◽  
The City

In Asia Minor in the Second Century B.C., an ephemeral revolutionary regime held sway which has been variously hailed as the first volley of Marxism or the last stand of Cloudcuckooland. Since Aristonicus did not hesitate to openly proclaim class warfare against the bourgeoisie of Pergamum, even restrained scholars label his City of the Sun as a “proletarian state”. Ironically, though he challenged the majesty of Rome, Aristonicus won the support of Blossius of Cumae, the Stoic adviser of Tiberius Gracchus and the ideologue of the Roman reformers, who would perish in the debacle of the Pergamene revolution.

Organization of Festivals and the Dionysiac Guilds

1965 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
G. M. Sifakis
Keyword(s):  
Third Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theatre Production ◽  
The City ◽  
Theatrical Companies

I. We know fairly well how the City Dionysia at Athens was celebrated in classical times. But although the numerous dramatic festivals of the Hellenistic period were in many respects modelled on the Athenian Dionysia, it is not clear how the performances at these festivals were organized. The difficulty arises from the fact that apart from a few great centres which may have had their own theatre production, playwrights, actors, etc., the majority of cities depended on the travelling of Dionysos’.1 It seems that the of Dionysiac artists were formed early in the third century. Three major Dionysiac associations—the Athenian, the Isthmian and Nemean, and the Ionian and Hellespontian—operated in Greece, Asia Minor, and the islands in Hellenistic times. The question is how these associations functioned. Were they theatrical companies as well as professional guilds? Did they undertake the organization of musical and dramatic performances at various festivals? Was there a division of territories between the and were certain festivals dominated by certain guilds?

6. Priene

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-112
Author(s):  
Peter Thonemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Greek City ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

In the mid-4th century bc, the small Greek city of Priene was founded in the Maeander river valley in western Asia Minor. It flourished for around 250 years, before the city’s harbours were sealed by silt from the Maeander. Most of the known Greek inscriptions and public documents (civic decrees, honorific statue-bases, letters from Hellenistic kings) from Priene date from the 1st century bc or earlier and provide an exceptionally clear and vivid picture of life in the Hellenistic city. ‘Priene’ focuses on this perfectly preserved example of an ordinary small Hellenistic town. It outlines the planning of the city, the relationship that the citizens had with the Hellenistic kings, and the changing patterns of social change.

scholarly journals Three Unpublished Byzantine Lead Seals from Western Asia Minor (With an Appendix on an Amulet from Izmir)

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Ergün Laflı ◽  
Maurizio Buora
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
The City ◽  
Early Byzantine

This paper presents three formerly unpublished Byzantine lead seals and an amulet that were examined in the archaeological museum of Izmir (nos. 1, 3 and figs. 5a–b) and Akhisar (no. 2) in western Turkey. They date from the 7th to the 13th century AD. The seal of a Manuel apo hypaton (no. 1) reveals the relations between the court of Constantinople and the city of Smyrna in the 7th century AD. Another one of Ioannes hypatos spatharios (no. 2) comes from Akhisar (8th century AD). No. 3 is dated to the 11th and 12th centuries AD. A lead amulet at the appendix part (figs. 5a–b), which perhaps originates from the Early Byzantine period, bears the name of Sabaṓth.

scholarly journals Recent Excavations in Asia Minor

1903 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 335-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. B. Wace
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Western Asia

This paper does not profess to give anything more than a brief account of the important results obtained by the German and Austrian excavators up to the time of my visit to these sites in June. I should like in particular to direct the attention of English archaeologists to Western Asia Minor as a field of research that is practically untouched, especially as regards remains of the Hellenistic period. Brilliant results await the scientific explorer of important sites such as Sardis, Tralies, Laodicea, and Apamea, and all these are extremely easy of access. The English traveller cannot help feeling ashamed of English archaeology when he sees the unintelligible mass of ruins and brushwood that covers the site of the Artemisium at Ephesus.

scholarly journals COINS FROM EXCAVATIONS AT THE «T-4» SECTOR IN OLBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-318
Author(s):  
R. O. Kozlenko ◽  
I. M. Sheiko ◽  
A. Reuter
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The West ◽  
The City

Coins from the excavations of the «T-4» site in 2018—2020, located in the Terrace City of Olbia, are introduced into scientific circulation. The total number of coins found during three years of research is 154 items, half of which are dolphin-shaped coins. These include a treasure of coins and bronze items, which, in particular, contained 26 casted dolphin-shaped coins. The coin in the shape of a «wheel» from the West Pontic city of Istria also belongs to the Classical period. Coins of the Hellenistic era from the excavations at the «T-4» sector are represented by denominations with images of Apollo, Demeter and the eagle on a dolphin, Tyche in a crown in the shape of a tower and an archer, and borysthenes coins. Among the numismatic monuments of this time is a rare coin of the city of byzantium of the IV c. BC, which confirms the evidence of the Olbian inscription (НО 9) on trade contacts between these cities during the Hellenistic period. The latest coins of the pre-Getae Olbia are represented by coins of the Asia Minor city of Amis, which are dated by the end of the II — the first half of the I c. BC. These are tetrachalkos with images of the Ares head in a helmet and a sword in sheath, and Aegis with the head of Medusa and Nike. Their appearance in Olbia is associated with the inclusion of the city in the Pontic state of Mithradates VI Eupator, in particular the localization of the Pontic garrison in Olbia. Coins of Roman times are represented by Olbian assarius such as Zeus / eagle of the middle of the I c. AD, dupondius of the second half of the II c, AD and a tressis depicting the Roman Empress Julia Mamaeia, which belongs to the last series of monetary units of the Olbian autonomous minting. In general, the available numismatic material from the excavations of the T-4 site is dated from the second half of the VI c. BC, and until the cessation of coinage in the second third of the III c. AD, i. e. covers all major chronological periods of existence of Olbian polis.

scholarly journals New research in the Northern necropolis of Hierapolis, Phrygia (Turkey)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Monticolo ◽  
Anna Anguissola ◽  
Silvana Costa
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
New Research ◽  
The City ◽  
Burial Grounds ◽  
Organizing Principles

The poster presents the results of three campaigns (2017-2019) of fieldwork in the Northern necropolis of Hierapolis (ancient Phrygia). There, the preservation of the archaeological context, combined to the chance of a stratigraphic investigation, offers a unique opportunity to examine funerary practices and monuments within the social context of ancient Asia Minor between the Hellenistic period and Late Antiquity. This research has provided crucial information to understand the layout and development of the burial grounds of Hierapolis, in relationship to their topographical conditions, organizing principles, building techniques, access and circulation, patterns of continuity and changes, and the negotiation between the city and its surroundings.

Παπίας ἐπίσκοπος? – Zur Frage nach dem Bischofsamt des Papias von Hierapolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-565
Author(s):  
Thomas Witulski
Keyword(s):  
Local Church ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Reliability ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
The City

A critical analysis of the statements of Eusebius from Caesarea makes plausible the presumption that the indications of Papias administering an office as an ἐπίσκοπος in the city of Hierapolis in Asia Minor are not based on historically confirmed information accepted by Eusebius himself. Moreover these indications seem to depict a post-Eusebian construction. This presumption is likely to unsettle the historical reliability of Papias' episcopacy. This implies that Papias can no longer be treated as evidence for the hypothesis that for the congregations in the west of the Roman province of Asia the institution of an ἐπίσκοπος of the local church had already developed in the second quarter of the second century ce.

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