Nasjonale veiledere – «soft governance» og «nudging»?

This chapter examines how addiction and mental health policy can be designed to meet the objective of the new paradigm of community-based services applying soft governance tools while maintaining the balance between hierarchical governance and local autonomy. Nudging is a specific tool within the framework of soft governance. Furthermore, such instruments leave great latitude for local authorities. We explore how we can understand the development towards today’s dominant ideological perspectives, i.e. normalization, empowerment, towards recovery and “the patient first”, as a development process where soft governance is the overriding concept, increasingly providing room for development of more specific strategies characterized by nudging. Finally, we discuss some implications of using such instruments in practice.

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The asylum and the community

Mental Health Services and Community Care ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447350590.003.0003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 15-34

Author(s):

Ian Cummins

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Urban Communities ◽

Mental Health Policy ◽

Space And Place ◽

Binary Opposition ◽

Community Based ◽

The Public ◽

New Form ◽

New Institutions ◽

Community Based Services

This chapter will argue that the development of mental health policy was hugely influenced by conceptions of space and place. By the middle of the 20th century the asylum had become, in the public and sociological imagination a Gothic institution of seclusion and abuse. The chapter will explore the development of this representation of the asylum. The final representations of the asylum contrast dramatically with the original ones that saw the new institutions as a modern, progressive deinstitutionalisation was to present the community in binary opposition to the asylum. Community based services would, almost by reason of their location, lead to the creation of a new form of inclusive mental health provision. This is based on an idealised notion of community. As the pressures on mental health services grew, a range of social policies that were introduced that meant that urban communities, in particular, became exclusionary rather than inclusionary.

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The history of mental health policy in Turkey: tradition, transition and transformation

History of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0957154x20966178 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0957154X2096617

Author(s):

Merve Kardelen Bilir ◽

Fatih Artvinli

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Policy ◽

Health Services ◽

Mental Health Policy ◽

Mental Healthcare ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Health Policies ◽

Community Based ◽

History Of ◽

Mental Health Policies

This article offers a brief history and the evolution of mental health policy in Turkey. It aims to analyse how mental health policies were transformed and why certain policies were introduced at specific times. The modern history of mental health policy is divided into three periods: the institutionalization of psychiatry and hospital-based mental health services; the introduction of community-based mental healthcare services; and lastly, the policy of deinstitutionalization after the 1980s. These periods have been categorized in a way that basically coincides with Turkey’s modern political history.

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