scholarly journals KHANTY DICTIONARY BY THE PRIEST VOLOGODSKY: PECULIARITIES OF THE GRAPHICAL SYSTEM

Author(s):  
Егор Владимирович Кашкин

В статье рассматриваются особенности графики одного из письменных памятников хантыйского языка — русско-хантыйского словаря, составленного священником Вологодским (1842 г.). Ранее языковые особенности этого памятника не были детально описаны; имеется лишь краткая информация об истории его создания. Приводится инвентарь использованных в словаре графических символов, для каждого из них в сопоставлении с данными современных западных хантыйских диалектов делаются предположения о возможных фонологических соответствиях. Обсуждаются возможные фонетические особенности тех идиомов, которые были задокументированы составителем словаря. Показано, что в словаре Вологодского сочетаются черты обдорского и березовского диалектов; при этом в разных элементах системы могут проявляться признаки, свойственные разным диалектам (так, в памятнике наблюдается во многих примерах смешение букв о и а, что может отражать дистрибуцию фонем /ɔ/ и /a/ в обдорском диалекте, но за единичными исключениями не происходит ожидаемого для этого диалекта смешения букв ш и с и соответственно фонем /š/ и /s/). В некоторых случаях можно вместе с тем предполагать, что графическая система памятника не отражает со всей возможной дробностью некоторые из существующих в хантыйском языке фонологических противопоставлений (ср. отсутствие разных символов для фонем /a/ и /ă/, устойчиво противопоставленных в западных хантыйских диалектах). Отдельно обсуждаются некоторые закономерности постановки словесного ударения, в частности случаи его постановки не на первом слоге (что реализовывало бы наиболее ожидаемую модель) и наличие в памятнике двух разных знаков ударения: основного, наиболее частотного, и некоторого второстепенного, встречающегося во многих служебных словах, но также и в ряде знаменательных слов. The article deals with the graphical system of a Western Khanty manuscript — the Russian-Khanty dictionary created by the priest Vologodsky (1842). The language of this manuscript has not been described in detail so far; there is only some information about its history. I describe the inventory of graphical symbols used in the dictionary and discuss possible phonological correspondences for each of them in comparison with the data from the contemporary dialects of Western Khanty. The dictionary by Vologodsky has some features from Obdorsk and Berezovo dialects; different elements of the graphical (and phonological) system can show the characteristics of various dialects (thus, in many examples the letters о and а are mixed, which may correlate with the distribution of the phonemes /ɔ/ and /a/ in the Obdorsk dialect, but with few exceptions there is no mixing of the letters ш and с / the phonemes /š/ and /s/, which would be expected in the Obdorsk dialect). For some cases we may, however, suggest that the graphical system of the manuscript does not show some of the existing phonological oppositions (cf. no graphical differentiation for the phonemes /a/ and /ă/ consistently distinguished in Western Khanty). Another issue is the marking of word stress, in particular when it falls on the non-first syllables, and the use of two different symbols for word stress: the primary and the most frequent one, and the secondary one occurring on function words, and also on some content words.

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
L. Khachatryan ◽  
A. Avetisyan

In the 13th century the phonological system of the Classical Armenian Language underwent all the possible changes marked in terms of alternation of phonemes: the vowels occur in alternation atypical of Classical Armenian (?>?, ?(?)>?, ?>??). The vowel alternation was motivated by the position and word stress. As for the consonants, they often appear with quantitative formal changes (?>?, ?>?, ?>?), which are mainly caused by the influence of the dialects and spoken language. In the work mentioned above we come across also the monophthong ? which emerged in the 13th and entered the Armenian alphabet only after that period. The Armenian language of the 13th is characterized by the conversion of diphthongs to monophthongs (??>?, ??>?). In the 13th century the phonological system in use acquired specific characteristic features which eventually left a stable impact on the phonological system of grabar


1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard

This paper examines the credibility of deviant articulation as a less mature phonological system and as an individual phonological system with its own rules. Evidence is presented suggesting that both types of deviant phonological systems may occur in the articulatory defective population. The clinical implications of each type of deviant system are presented.


2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baldy ◽  
Maura Pilotti ◽  
Martin Chodorow ◽  
Frances Schauss

Orð og tunga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Ágústa Þorbergsdóttir

In this article, I discuss common ideas that speakers of Icelandic have about neologisms and their formation. Based on public discussions, we can assume that speakers find accuracy and transparency to be the most important features of a neologism. At the same time, they need to be as short as possible. These requirements often conflict. Additionally, neologisms should fit into the Icelandic grammatical and phonological system, be well suited to use as part of compound words and other word formations accomplished through derivation. Finally, speakers tend to be more positive towards neologisms that are formed by using Icelandic roots than using adaptations of words borrowed from other languages.


Batoboh ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHERLY MARLIASARI ◽  
INDAH WINDRA DWIE AGUSTIANI ◽  
ANDRIAMELLA ELFARISSYAH
Keyword(s):  

 Tujuan PKM ini untuk memberikan pemahaman  tentang pentingnya word stress  dan membantu guru bahasa Inggris  dalam melatih  siswa SD Muhammadiyah 16 Palembang dalam menyebutkan kosakata buah-buahan dengan penekanan kosakata yang tepat  dalam bahasa Inggris dengan cara yang menyenangkan dan menarik.Hasil dari angket yang didistribusikan kepada kepalsa sekolah, guru dan 25 siswa menunjukan (1)Semua respondent (100%) menyatakan  pembuatan  media pembelajaran audio-visual  untuk  pengajaran word stress-oriented bertemakan fruits ini  bermanfaat  dalam membantu para guru dan para siswa SD Muhammadiyah 16 menumbuhkan pemahaman tentang pentingnya word stress pada pronunciation (2)Media pembelajaran audio visual yang dibuat tim PKM merupakan media pembelajaran yang menarik  dan  para siswa merasa lebih tertarik , senang dan santai  saat pembelajaran  berlangsung. Dari segi kebermanfaatan dan tujuannya, hasil angket menunjukan  kegiatan PKM ini mampu  menumbuhkan motivasi para guru bahasa Inggris pada SD Muhammadiyah 16 Palembang untuk  membuat media pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif  untuk pembelajaran bahasa inggris  yang lebih  variatif.       Keywords: audio visual, fruits, media, word stress-oriented.


Author(s):  
Sandra Kotzor ◽  
Allison Wetterlin ◽  
Aditi Lahiri

Bengali has a robust medial geminate/singleton contrast across oral stops and nasals in five places of articulation. This chapter presents a synchronic account of the phonological system involving the consonantal length contrast, which supports an asymmetric moraic representation of geminates. Based on these representational assumptions, two EEG and two behavioural experiments were conducted to investigate the processing of this geminate/singleton contrast by Bengali native speakers. The results reveal a processing asymmetry for the duration contrast: the processing of the duration contrast is indeed asymmetric: a geminate mispronunciation is accepted for a singleton real word, while the reverse is not the case. This provides evidence that the lexical representation of the duration contrast must be asymmetric and thus privative rather than equipollent.


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