scholarly journals Understanding the Plant Aphid Interaction: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Waghmare Kranti ◽  
Ghayal Nivedita ◽  
Mahesh Shindikar
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Indirect Defense ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Strategic Ability ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops ◽  
Plant Sap

The interaction between plant-aphid is phenomenal and complex. Aphids possess efficient mouthparts which feed on plant sap intensively. Adaptation to host plants and successful feeding is achieved through the strategic ability of aphids to reproduce sexually and asexually (parthenogenesis). Aphid infestation damages the plant in diverse ways and induces plant defense. Though plant elicit direct and indirect defense to resist aphid feeding, the effectiveness of plant resistance depends largely on the aphid infestation rate and quality of the host plant. To control aphid infestation and plant damage, dependency on insecticides is undesirable due to insecticidal resistance of aphids and environmental pollution. The approach towards the development of the genetically engineered crops which are aphid resistant can be the considerable potential to aphid control..

Paradoxical EU agricultural policies on genetically engineered crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Masip ◽  
Maite Sabalza ◽  
Eduard Pérez-Massot ◽  
Raviraj Banakar ◽  
David Cebrian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

Increased Production of Nutriments by Genetically Engineered Crops

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (sup3) ◽  
pp. 199S-204S ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sévenier ◽  
Ingrid M. van der Meer ◽  
Raoul Bino ◽  
Andries J. Koops
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Genetically Engineered Crops

Ecological correlates of folivore abundance in north Queensland rainforests

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kanowski ◽  
M. S. Hopkins ◽  
Helene Marsh ◽  
J. W. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Altitudinal Variation ◽  
Foliage Quality

The ecological factors controlling the distribution and abundance of the folivorous marsupials endemic to the rainforests of northern Australia are not understood. In this study, we surveyed folivore abundance at 40 sites stratified by altitude and geology in rainforests of the Atherton Tableland, north Queensland. All five species of folivore that inhabit the study area were more abundant in highland (800–1200 m) than in upland (400–800 m) forests. Allowing for the effects of altitude, four species of folivore were more abundant in forests on nutrient-rich basalts than in forests on nutrient-poor acid igneous or metamorphic rocks. The abundance of two folivore species also varied inversely with rainfall. Altitudinal variation in folivore abundance in the study area has been attributed to habitat destruction, Aboriginal hunting, the distribution of host plants and climate; however, none of these hypotheses has been tested. Variation in folivore abundance with geology is plausibly explained as a response to the nutritional quality of foliage. Foliage quality may also explain the inverse relationship between two of the folivores and rainfall. The results of this study show that only a relatively small proportion of north Queensland rainforests support abundant populations of the endemic folivorous marsupials.

Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in maize seedlings exposed to rose-grass aphids

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
I. Łukasik ◽  
S. Goławska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Superoxide Anion Radicals

We studied the influence of rose-grass aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum L.) infestation on the biochemical markers of oxidative stress in seedlings of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties (relatively resistant Ambrozja and resistant Plomyk). We compared the generation of superoxide anion radicals O2-, level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation products (MDA) as well as markers of protein damage (protein-bound carbonyl groups). The studied parameters were measured at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-initial aphid infestation compared to the non-infested control seedlings. Our studies indicated that the rose-grass aphid feeding evoked oxidative stress in the maize seedlings. Investigated Z. mays cultivars exhibited excessive generation of superoxide anion radicals in response to insect treatments. Rose-grass aphid feeding increased the H2O2 level in maize tissues with similar levels observed at most periods post-infestation with M. dirhodum, also increased lipid peroxidation products with the maximal levels at 48 and 72 h for Ambrozja and 48, 72 and 96 h post-infestation for Plomyk varieties. Further at 48 and 72 h post-initial aphid infestation, there was an increase in protein bound carbonyl groups content in the maize seedlings after infestation with aphids.

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