biochemical markers
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qiang Song ◽  
Mingwei Chen ◽  
Jin Shang ◽  
Zhi Hu ◽  
Hui Cai

Objective. Vulnerable plaque is considered to be the cause of most clinical coronary arteries, and linear cytokines are an important factor causing plaque instability. Early prediction of vulnerable plaque is of great significance in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Methods. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the hemodynamics around plaques, and the serum biochemical markers in 224 patients with low-risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were analyzed. Vulnerable plaques were predicted according to the distribution of biochemical markers in serum. Results. CFD can accurately capture the hemodynamic characteristics around the plaque. The patient’s age, history of hyperlipidemia, apolipoprotein B (apoB), adiponectin (ADP), and sE-Selection were risk factors for vulnerable plaque. Area under curve (AUC) values corresponding to the five biochemical markers were 0.601, 0.523, 0.562, 0.519, 0.539, and the AUC value after the combination of the five indicators was 0.826. Conclusion. The combination of multiple biochemical markers to predict vulnerable plaque was of high diagnostic value, and this method was convenient and noninvasive, which was worthy of clinical promotion.


2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Jeetendra Kumar J Mood ◽  
Avinash H Rajanna ◽  
Vaibhav S Bellary ◽  
Gowtham S Gowda ◽  
Yamini Marimuthu

Background: In December 2019, several cases of acute respiratory illness were detected in Wuhan city of China. This SARS-CoV-2 has been rapidly spreading worldwide ever since. SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to damage the vital organs such as lung, heart, liver, and kidney, and infection poses a considerable risk to patients by the high prevalence of pneumonia. Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: (1) To study clinical profile and biochemical markers in SARI patients. (2) To compare the clinical profile and biochemical markers between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients and their outcomes. Materials and Methods: The present study is a hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study conducted on a total of 350 patients (150 SARI+200 COVID-19) in Bengaluru during the study period from June 2020 to May 2021. Results: Diabetes mellitus was present in 30% of SARI and 42% in COVID-19 patients (P=0.03). Leukocytosis (Total Leukocyte Count [TLC] >11000 cells/mm3) was more common among SARI patients than COVID-19 patients (49.3% vs. 24.3%). Leukopenia (TLC <4000 cells/mm3) was significantly more common in COVID-19 patients than in SARI patients (10.2% vs. 3.6%, P<0.001). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection is more common in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension than SARI. Leukopenia was more common in COVID-19 patients whereas leukocytosis was more common in SARI patients.


2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
P.A. Koshul’ko ◽  
M.S. Kovalenko ◽  
Yu.V. Abalenihina ◽  
A.I. Mirov ◽  
O.E. Golofast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Eunjung Kim ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Park ◽  
Eun-Mi Seol ◽  
Seong-Ho Kong ◽  
Do Joong Park ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Dmytro Morozenko ◽  
Roman Dotsenko ◽  
Yevheniia Vashchyk ◽  
Andriy Zakhariev ◽  
Andrii Zemlianskyi ◽  
...  

The aim: to analyze the literature data for the period from 1984 to 2010 on the use of biochemical markers of disorders of connective tissue metabolism in diseases of the respiratory system in humans and animals. Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open source analysis: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V.I. Vernadsky (1984–2010). Results. In the case of diseases of the respiratory system in humans, the pathogenesis of pneumonia is the development of inflammation in the interstitial, peribronchial, perivascular and perilobular connective tissue, lymphatic vessels of the lungs, followed by involvement of alveoli and bronchioles in the inflammation. The morphological basis of these changes may be pneumofibrosis and pneumosclerotic changes. In the chronic course of pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease develops. This pathology is closely related to the action of inflammatory cytokines that regulate connective tissue proliferation. Similar studies were performed on eosinophilic bronchopneumonia in dogs, but the material for the study was bronchoalveolar lavage. The current method of diagnosing respiratory diseases using cytokines (interleukin-4, interferon-γ) and bronchoalveolar lavage has no diagnostic information in chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma in cats. Fundamental studies of connective tissue biopolymers in clinically healthy and bronchopneumonia piglets have recently been conducted in veterinary medicine. Conclusions. Recently, in medicine of particular interest to researchers is the determination of the content in biological fluids of indicators of connective tissue metabolism (hydroxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, sialic acids) to diagnose diseases of the respiratory system. To diagnose connective tissue disorders in lung diseases in medical practice use indicators of oxyproline in serum and urine. Oxyproline is one of the most important components of lung collagen. An increase in the content of free oxyproline in the blood indicates an increased rate of collagen breakdown in the lung tissue. Analysis of oxyproline fractions, as indicators of the direction of collagen metabolism, allows to assess the condition of the connective tissue of the lungs and can serve as a prognostic criterion for the course of the disease. Thus, the indicators of connective tissue metabolism showed significant diagnostic information, which allowed to recommend them for use in the practice of veterinary medicine.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
T. V. Kovalchuk-Bolbatun ◽  
S. M. Smotryn

Objective. To study the effect of thermal skin burns in experimental animals (rats) on the state of the system “mother-fetus” in a late gestation period.Materials and methods. An experimental study was carried out on 18 female outbred white rats weighing 300–350 g (per 9 rats in the control and experimental groups), which were exposed to third-degree thermal burns with an area of 12 cм2 in a late gestation period. The oxygen transport function and the main blood biochemical markers were studied. The effect of thermal injury on the course of pregnancy was studied.Results. The thermal skin burn in the rats in the late gestation period leads to the development of hypoxia, a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and metabolic acidosis in the mother’s body. Changes in the blood biochemical markers indicate the presence of endogenous intoxication. In the experimental animal group, a decrease in fetal weight was observed, an increase in the post-implantation fetal death rate was noted.Conclusion. Impaired oxygen homeostasis and endogenous intoxication in skin burns in rats in late gestation periods lead to fetal malnutrition and a qualitative increase in the post-implantation fetal death rate.


Author(s):  
Umit Aydogmus ◽  
Gokhan Ozturk ◽  
Argun Kis ◽  
Yeliz Arman Karakaya ◽  
Hulya Aybek ◽  
...  

Abstract Background TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β are important bio mediators of the inflammatory process. This experimental study has investigated inflammatory biomarkers' efficacy to determine the appropriate period for anastomosis surgery in tracheal stenosis cases. Methods First, a pilot study was performed to determine the mean stenosis ratio (SR) after the surgical anastomosis. The trial was planned on 44 rats in four groups based on the pilot study's data. Tracheal inflammation and stenosis were created in each rat by using micro scissors. In rats of groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively, tracheal resection and anastomosis surgery were applied on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th weeks after the damage. The animals were euthanized 8 weeks later, followed by histopathological assessment and analysis of TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β as biochemical markers. Results Mean SR of the trachea were measured as 21.9 ± 6.0%, 24.1 ± 10.4%, 25.8 ± 9.1%, and 19.6 ± 9.2% for Groups I to IV, respectively. While Group III had the worst SR, Group IV had the best ratio (p = 0.03). Group II had the highest values for the biochemical markers tested. We observed a statistically significant correlation between only histopathological changes and TNF-α from among the biochemical markers tested (p = 0.02). It was found that high TNF-α levels were in a relationship with higher SR (p = 0.01). Conclusion Tracheal anastomosis for post-traumatic stenosis is likely to be less successful during the 4th and 6th weeks after injury. High TNF-α levels are potentially predictive of lower surgical success. These results need to be confirmed by human studies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
O. E. Volobuiev ◽  

The purpose of the study was to determine the quantitative content of the biochemical marker of myocardial damage (subunits of the troponin complex: Troponin I) in the blood as a diagnostic criterion for asphyxia in mechanical asphyxia. Materials and methods. To determine the presence of asphyxia, the quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood of 12 dead people was studied and analyzed, among which violent death was observed in 7 cases and non-violent – in 5 cases. The study for biochemical detection of Troponin I used a method based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay followed by statistical processing of the results using the MedStat package. Results and discussion. Among the biochemical markers for the diagnosis of asphyxia in hanging and aspiration asphyxia, the most indicative is the determination of the quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood, which is also used in clinical practice to substantiate the diagnosis of cardiac pathology. Therefore, it is important to conduct a differential diagnosis of changes in quantitative indicators of biochemical markers depending on the cause and genesis of death. During the study of the quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood of those who died of mechanical asphyxia (hanging, aspiration asphyxia), it was found that the content of troponin I is from 140 ng/ml to 170 ng/ml. The quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood of those who died of acute and chronic coronary heart disease (control group) is from 10.1 ng/ml to 120 ng/ml. The average value of the quantitative content of Troponin I in two samples was found: in the blood of those who died of mechanical asphyxia – 156 ng/ml±4.4 ng/ml; in the blood of those who died of acute and chronic coronary heart disease – 45.62 ng/ml±22.4 ng/ml. The study revealed a difference in quantitative indicators of biochemical markers depending on the cause and genesis of death, found that the quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood of the dead from mechanical asphyxia (hanging, aspiration asphyxia) compared with the quantitative content of Troponin I in the blood of the dead with chronic coronary heart disease is higher, at the level of significance p=0.008. Conclusion. Thus, in the course of research, the feasibility of using changes in quantitative indicators of the biochemical marker Troponin I to determine the asphyxiation in violent death (mechanical asphyxia) and differential diagnosis in cases of non-violent death (acute and chronic coronary heart disease) was proved, which significantly increases efficiency and reliability of forensic medical examinations


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