scholarly journals Geology, Petrology and Amazing Geoforms of the Late Cenozoic Volcanic Province Erusheti Plateau (Lesser Caucasus) Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
B. Tutberidze ◽  
M. Akhalkatsishvili
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Lesser Caucasus ◽  
Southern Georgia ◽  
The Given

These Erusheti Plateau is an integral part of the volcanic highland of Southern Georgia. It is located northern part of the Lesser Caucasus in the convergence zone of the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian lithosphere tectonic plates. The territory is almost totally covered with strong volcanic and volcano-sedimentary formations of Goderdzi suite with different lithologies and facies. The suite is formed in the Late Miocene - Early Pliocene Age, about from 11.8±4 to 13.6±3.1 Ma. Erusheti Plateau overall, are not characterized by many centers of eruption; Here we discuss eruption histories of the large polygenic volcanic massive Dokhuz-Puar and a monogenic volcano Datvistskaro are clearly seen among the volcanogenic structures of Erusheti Plateau. The eruption products of Dokhkuz-Puar volcano are dacitic-containing tuff-breccias and lava flows. The activity of Datvistskaro volcano was expressed only by the eruption of pyroclastic deposits containing andesite basalts. The main constituent minerals are: plagi­oclase and hornblende mega-crystals in dacites; augite-olivine and base plagioclase – in andesite basalts. With their geochemical properties, all the rocks of the rocks of a calc-alkali series. Dacites and andesite-basalts do not feed from a common magmatic source and consequently, are not the product of differentiation of the same magma. The work is the first to describe the natural amazing natural geoforms developed in pyroclastolites of Datvistskaro volcano: gigantic stone columns, mushroom-shaped stone caps and stone lances.Should be noted that no detailed mine­ralogical-petrological study of the rocks common in the study area has done to date. The main purpose of the given work is filling this gap.

scholarly journals Quaternary ring plain- and valley-confined pyroclastic deposits of Aragats stratovolcano (Lesser Caucasus): Lithofacies, geochronology and eruption history

2020 ◽  
Vol 401 ◽  
pp. 106928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hripsime Gevorgyan ◽  
Christoph Breitkreuz ◽  
Khachatur Meliksetian ◽  
Arsen Israyelyan ◽  
Yura Ghukasyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Eruption History ◽  
Lesser Caucasus

scholarly journals Exceptional Multi Stage Mineralization of Secondary Minerals in Cavities of Flood Basalts from the Deccan Volcanic Province, India

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berthold Ottens ◽  
Jens Götze ◽  
Ralf Schuster ◽  
Kurt Krenn ◽  
Christoph Hauzenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Deccan Volcanic Province ◽  
Flood Basalts ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Secondary Minerals ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Ar Geochronology

Flood basalts of the Deccan Volcanic Province erupted between about 67.5 to 60.5 Ma ago and reached a thickness of up to 3500 m. The main part consists of compound and simple lava flows with a tholeiitic composition erupted within 500,000 years at about 65 Ma. Within the compound lava flows, vesicles and cavities are frequent. They are filled by secondary minerals partly of well development and large size. This study presents data on the secondary mineralization including detailed field descriptions, optical, cathodoluminescence and SEM microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, fluid inclusions, C and O isotope analyses, and Rb-Sr and K-Ar geochronology. The investigations indicate a multistage precipitation sequence with three main stages. During stage I clay minerals and subsurface filamentous fabrics (SFFs), of probably biogenic origin, formed after the lava flows cooled down near to the Earth’s surface. In stage II, first an assemblage of calcite (I) and zeolite (I) (including mordenite, heulandite, and stilbite) as well as plagioclase was overgrown by chalcedony, and finally a second calcite (II) and zeolite (II) generation developed by burial metamorphism by subsequent lava flows. Stage III is characterized by precipitation of a third calcite (III) generation together with powellite and apophyllite from late hydrothermal fluids. Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages of apophyllite indicate a large time span for stage III. Apophyllite formed within different time intervals from the Paleogene to the early Miocene even within individual lava flows at certain localities. From the Savda/Jalgaon quarry complex, ages cluster at 44–48 Ma and 25–28 Ma, whereas those from the Nashik area are 55–58 Ma and 21–23 Ma, respectively.

New paleomagnetic data from the hominin bearing Dmanisi paleo-anthropologic site (southern Georgia, Caucasus)

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Calvo-Rathert ◽  
A. Goguitchaichvili ◽  
D. Sologashvili ◽  
J.J. Villalaín ◽  
M.F. Bógalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Basaltic Lava ◽  
Basalt Flow ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Reversed Polarity ◽  
Depositional Units ◽  
Southern Georgia

The Dmanisi site has yielded human remains and lithic industry associated with Late Pliocene–early Pleistocene fauna. The site is composed of volcanogenic sediments overlying basaltic lava flows. The lithostratigraphic sequence comprises two basic depositional units: Unit A, overlying the basalt flows, and Unit B on top. A paleomagnetic and rock-magnetic study has been carried out on 106 specimens from Units A and B and the uppermost basalt flow. The lava and Unit A provide normal polarities, while reversed polarities and anomalous directions are observed in Unit B, the latter probably due to overlapping of a secondary and a primary reversed polarity component. The lower part of the section shows a clear correlation with the Olduvai subchron, and the upper levels could be as young as 1.07 Ma. As human remains were found both in units with normal and reversed polarity, different non-contemporaneous human occupations might have been possible.

Drawing igneous outcrops

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-140
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Genge
Keyword(s):  
Summit Crater ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Fundamental Component ◽  
The Earth

Igneous rocks are a fundamental component of the Earth and are commonly encountered during geological fieldwork. This chapter describes techniques used to draw field sketches of intrusions and volcanic features, such as lava flows, volcanic craters, and pyroclastic sequences. The most important features of igneous rocks to record are discussed. Recording the nature of contacts is particularly important in drawing igneous outcrops, in particular cross-cutting relationships that relate to emplacement timing. Four worked examples of field sketches of igneous geology are provided to illustrate concepts in their description in during fieldwork. These include the summit crater of Vesuvius, lava flows from Mount Etna, and pyroclastic deposits from Santorini.

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of lava flows around Linga, Chhindwara area in the Eastern Deccan Volcanic Province (EDVP), India

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 174-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohini Ganguly ◽  
Jyotisankar Ray ◽  
Christian Koeberl ◽  
Abhishek Saha ◽  
Martin Thöni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Deccan Volcanic Province ◽  
Volcanic Province
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