scholarly journals A demogenetic individual based model for the evolution of traits and genome architecture under sexual selection

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Chevalier ◽  
François De Coligny ◽  
Jacques Labonne
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Individual Based Model

scholarly journals Impact of male trait exaggeration on sex-biased gene expression and genome architecture in a water strider

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Toubiana ◽  
David Armisén ◽  
Corentin Dechaud ◽  
Roberto Arbore ◽  
Abderrahman Khila
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Water Strider ◽  
Secondary Sexual Traits ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Secondary Sexual

Abstract Background Exaggerated secondary sexual traits are widespread in nature and often evolve under strong directional sexual selection. Although heavily studied from both theoretical and empirical viewpoints, we have little understanding of how sexual selection influences sex-biased gene regulation during the development of exaggerated secondary sexual phenotypes, and how these changes are reflected in genomic architecture. This is primarily due to the limited availability of representative genomes and associated tissue and sex transcriptomes to study the development of these traits. Here we present the genome and developmental transcriptomes, focused on the legs, of the water strider Microvelia longipes, a species where males exhibit strikingly long third legs compared to females, which they use as weapons. Results We generated a high-quality genome assembly with 90% of the sequence captured in 13 scaffolds. The most exaggerated legs in males were particularly enriched in both sex-biased and leg-biased genes, indicating a specific signature of gene expression in association with trait exaggeration. We also found that male-biased genes showed patterns of fast evolution compared to non-biased and female-biased genes, indicative of directional or relaxed purifying selection. By contrast to male-biased genes, female-biased genes that are expressed in the third legs, but not the other legs, are over-represented in the X chromosome compared to the autosomes. An enrichment analysis for sex-biased genes along the chromosomes revealed also that they arrange in large genomic regions or in small clusters of two to four consecutive genes. The number and expression of these enriched regions were often associated with the exaggerated legs of males, suggesting a pattern of common regulation through genomic proximity in association with trait exaggeration. Conclusion Our findings indicate how directional sexual selection may drive sex-biased gene expression and genome architecture along the path to trait exaggeration and sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals Impact of trait exaggeration on sex-biased gene expression and genome architecture in a water strider

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Toubiana ◽  
David Armisén ◽  
Corentin Dechaud ◽  
Roberto Arbore ◽  
Abderrahman Khila
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Water Strider ◽  
Secondary Sexual Traits ◽  
Specific Trait ◽  
Sexual Traits ◽  
Secondary Sexual

AbstractExaggerated secondary sexual traits are widespread in nature and often evolve under strong directional sexual selection. Although heavily studied from both theoretical and empirical viewpoints, we have little understanding of how sexual selection influences sex-biased gene regulation during the development of sex-specific phenotypes, and how these changes are reflected in genomic architecture. This is primarily due to the lack of a representative genome and transcriptomes to study the development of secondary sexual traits. Here we present the genome and developmental transcriptomes, focused on the legs of the water strider Microvelia longipes, a species where males exhibit strikingly long third legs used as weapons. The quality of the genome assembly is such that over 90% of the sequence is captured in 13 scaffolds. The most exaggerated legs in males were particularly enriched in sex-biased genes, indicating a specific signature of gene expression in association with sex-specific trait exaggeration. We also found that male-biased genes showed patterns of fast evolution compared to non-biased and female-biased genes, indicative of directional or relaxed purifying selection. Interestingly, we found that female-biased genes that are expressed in the third legs only, but not male-biased genes, were over-represented in the X chromosome compared to the autosomes. An enrichment analysis for sex-biased genes along the chromosomes revealed that they can arrange in large genomic regions or in small clusters of two to four consecutive genes. The number and expression of these enriched regions were often associated with the exaggerated legs of males, suggesting a pattern of common regulation through genomic proximity in association with trait exaggeration. Our findings shed light on how directional sexual selection drives sex-biased gene expression and genome architecture along the path to trait exaggeration and sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals A demogenetic individual based model for the evolution of traits and genome architecture under sexual selection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Chevalier ◽  
François De Coligny ◽  
Jacques Labonne
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Central Process ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Mating Behaviors ◽  
Dynamic Population

AbstractSexual selection has long been known to favor the evolution of mating behaviors such as mate preference and competitiveness, and to affect their genetic architecture, for instance by favoring genetic correlation between some traits. Reciprocally, genetic architecture can affect the expression and the evolvability of traits and mating behaviors. But sexual selection is highly context-dependent, making interactions between individuals a central process in evolution, governing the transmission of genotypes to the next generation. This loop between the genetic structure conditioning the expression and evolution of traits and behaviour, and the feedback of this phenotypic evolution on the architecture of the genome in the dynamic context of sexual selection, has yet to be thoroughly investigated. We argue that demogenetic agent-based models (DG-ABM) are especially suited to tackle such a challenge because they allow explicit modelling of both the genetic architecture of traits and the behavioural interactions in a dynamic population context. We here present a DG-ABM able to simultaneously track individual variation in traits (such as gametic investment, preference, competitiveness), fitness and genetic architecture throughout evolution. Using two simulation experiments, we compare various mating systems and show that behavioral interactions during mating triggered some complex feedback in our model, between fitness, population demography, and genetic architecture, placing interactions between individuals at the core of evolution through sexual selection. DG-ABMs can, therefore, relate to theoretical patterns expected at the population level from simpler analytical models in evolutionary biology, and at the same time provide a more comprehensive framework regarding individual trait and behaviour variation, that is usually envisioned separately from genome architecture in behavioural ecology.

The katydid that was: the tananá, stridulation, Henry Walter Bates and Charles Darwin

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio J. Bidau
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Bush Cricket

The Amazonian bush-cricket or katydid, Thliboscelus hypericifolius (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae), called tananá by the natives was reported to have a song so beautiful that they were kept in cages for the pleasure of listening to the melodious sound. The interchange of letters between Henry Walter Bates and Charles Darwin regarding the tananá and the issue of stridulation in Orthoptera indicates how this mysterious insect, which seems to be very rare, contributed to the theory of sexual selection developed by Darwin.

Sexual selection, evolution of play and entertainment

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ohler ◽  
Gerhild Nieding
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection
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