Production of mesopory silica from pyropolite stone through the silicate state formation process

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Formation Process

Federal stakes escalate as Somalia's 2016 shift looms

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Donor Influence ◽  
Military Support

Significance The parliament has emerged as a channel for critics of a presidency characterised by an assertive interpretation of its mandate. Parliament has also served as a platform for criticism of the federal member state formation process -- particularly in the case of Jubbaland. These tensions are becoming critical as the federal government enters the final year of its mandate, during which an indirect election mechanism must be agreed between federal and regional elites. Impacts Pressure from donors and neighbouring states focuses on ensuring a 2016 transition, and trying to limit infighting. Corruption allegations, central to the impeachment motion, have constrained Western aid flows, blunting donor influence. The federal government depends on external military support amid divisions between pro-government militias.

Somalia's fast-tracked state creation carries risks

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
African Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Direct Elections ◽  
State Creation

Significance The Central Somalia formation conference took place in Adado and swore in its regional assembly members on June 22. However, June was a fraught month for the federal process. The Islamist militia, Ahlu Sunna wal Jama'a (ASWJ), has rejected Galmudug's formation, instead establishing an Islamic Court and a rival state formation process in another regional town. Meanwhile, a clan-related dispute over the leadership of the Jubbaland State assembly led to the suspension of relations between Mogadishu and Kismayo in early June, after the federal parliament passed a vote of no-confidence in the regional assembly. Impacts Infighting within member states -- and between states and Mogadishu -- is decreasing the slim chances of holding direct elections in 2016. Donor reluctance to commit pledged funds, fuelled by corruption concerns, is hampering the government's capacity and legitimacy. Al-Shabaab's Ramadan offensive highlights the constraints of both the African Union peacekeepers (AMISOM) and the Somali National Army.

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