scholarly journals Predation and oviposition rates of Gaeolaelaps aculeifer and Parasitus bituberosus (Acari: Laelapidae and Parasitidae) on pre-pupae/pupae of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Mayerly Alejandra Castro-López ◽  
Augusto Ramírez-Godoy ◽  
Wilson Martínez Osorio ◽  
Diana Rueda-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Recent Survey ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Chemical Products

Thrips tabaci Lindeman is one of the main insect pests of onion (Allium cepa L.) in Colombia and several other countries. Strategies for its control are currently based on the use of chemical products. In a recent survey, Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) and Parasitus bituberosus Karg, two soil-dwelling predatory mite species (Acari: Mesostigmata), were found associated with this crop at Boyacá department, Colombia. Given that T. tabaci spends its pre-pupal and pupal stages in the soil, this study was conducted to evaluate the predation and oviposition of G. aculeifer and P. bituberosus on these developmental stages under laboratory conditions. The predators consumed up to 6.8 ± 0.52 and 6.9 ± 0.45 T. tabaci pre-pupae/ pupae, respectively, when offered 6 –10 prey a day. The maximum oviposition rates were 4.4 ± 0.25 eggs/female/day for G. aculeifer and 6.9 ± 0.26 eggs/female/day for P. bituberosus, with a mean egg viability higher than 91% for both predators. These results suggest that the evaluated predators may affect the population of T. tabaci under field conditions, and that the conduction of complementary studies on those predators is warranted, envisioning their practical use for T. tabaci control in Colombia.

EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON RHIZOGLYPHUS ECHINOPUS (FUMOUZE AND ROBIN) AND ALEUROGLYPHUS OVATUS (TROUPEAU) (ACARI: ACARIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Boczek ◽  
Dorota Jaminska ◽  
William A. Bruce ◽  
Robert Davis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Higher Doses

Eggs, inert deutonymphs and young, virgin adults of Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze and Robin) and Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau) were treated with 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 krad of gamma radiation. Fecundity, egg viability, oviposition period, survival of developmental stages, and longevity of females were compared. Doses ≥ 40 krad completely inhibited egg development. Eggs of A. ovatus were more resistant to gamma radiation than those of R. echinopus. The effect of irradiation on the inert deutonymphs was more detrimental than it was on young adults. Effect of irradiation on the life span of females of both species was stimulatory at doses of up to 60 krad and inhibitory at higher doses. The oviposition period varied inversely with the irradiation dose. Irradiation with 5 krad caused, in both mite species, at least a 50% decrease in fecundity.

scholarly journals Allium cepa L. responses when Gaeolaelaps aculeifer Canestrini and Parasitus bituberosus Karg are used to control Thrips tabaci Lindeman

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayerly Alejandra Castro-López ◽  
John Wilson Martínez-Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Mite Density ◽  
Chlorophyll Index

Thrips tabaci Lindemann is the main insect pest of Allium cepa L., causing both direct and indirect damage to crops. T. tabaci is controlled by applying chemically synthesized products; however, this insect has already developed resistance to organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids. This study evaluated the effect of soil predatory mites (Gaeolaelaps aculeifer Canestrini and Parasitus bituberosus Karg) on the population density of T. tabaci in potted bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) plants and on the response of physiological variables related to photosynthesis and plant development. Seven treatments were evaluated that released 50, 75 or 100 G. aculeifer or P. bituberosus adults, along with a control without predatory mites. Significant differences (P≤0.05) in the population density of T. tabaci were observed for 13 weeks, with a 78% reduction of individuals in the presence of G. aculeifer and a 72% reduction with P. bituberosus, regardless of mite density, as compared to the control. In addition, the relative chlorophyll index, foliar area, dry leaf weight and fresh bulb weight increased, as compared to the control. The application of 100 individuals of the two species recorded the highest values in the evaluated variables. These results indicate that G. aculeifer and P. bituberosus controls should be explored as an option for integrated T. tabaci management.

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSPIRATION DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIUM CEPA L.

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 263B-263
Author(s):  
Daniel Warnock ◽  
William Randle ◽  
Mark Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Inductive Photoperiod

Photosynthesis is the very essence of agriculture. Previous photosynthetic and transpirational studies of onion (Allium cepa) have been limited to specific developmental stages. Our study measured photosynthesis and transpiration in sixteen plants of a single short-day cultivar over an eleven week period containing both non- and bulb inductive photoperiods. Differences in weekly means for photosynthesis, leaf conductance, water use efficiency, and intercellular CO, were highly significant. Weekly photosynthetic means increased under a non-inductive photoperiod and peaked one week after initiating a bulb inducing photoperiod. A decrease and leveling period occurred as bulbs developed followed by a decrease as foliage lodged. Weekly photosynthetic and leaf conductance means were correlated and highly significant. Water use efficiency and intercellular CO, means remained fairly constant throughout the study suggesting that photosynthesis in unstressed onions was controlled by internal mechanisms instead of stomata.

Insecticides and populations of Thrips tabaci (Lindermann) and Liriomyza trifolii (Surges) in onions

1969 ◽  
Vol 92 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Irma Cabrera-Asencio ◽  
Alberto L. Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Allium Cepa L

The use of insecticides to decrease Thrips tabaci and Liriomyza trifolii population in onion (Allium cepa L.) was evaluated for two consecutive years.The insecticides most frequently used by farmers were evaluated: cypermethrin, avermectin, oxamyl, azadirachtin and dimetyl. A treatment with water only, plus the control, was also evaluated. It was observed that the use of cypermethrin resulted in the least number of nymphs and adults of Thrips tabaci and the best onion yield. As for Liriomyza trifolii, it was observed that the use of avermectin and cypermecthrin resulted in the least numbers of larvae.

The predatory mite Neoseiulus bicaudus (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), a promising biocontrol agent of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) 

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2273-2285
Author(s):  
Guo-dong Han ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Jian-ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Tetranychus Turkestani ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response

Neoseiulus bicaudus (Wainstein) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a native predatory mite species in Xinjiang, China, and a biological control agent for some small pests, such as Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in greenhouse. However, little is known whether N. bicaudus could be an effective natural enemy of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). A series of laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of N. bicaudus on B. tabaci. The present data showed that each stage of N. bicaudus demonstrated type II functional response when fed on B. tabaci. The adult females showed the highest consumption rate and attack rate, and the shortest handling times were obtained when they preyed on eggs and 1st instar nymphs. The 1st instar of B. tabaci was preferred for the feeding of N. bicaudus adult females than eggs, followed by 2nd instar nymphs of B. tabaci. Under greenhouse conditions, this predator effectively suppressed the population growth of B. tabaci throughout the experimental period. Accordingly, N. bicaudus could be an efficient predator for B. tabaci.

scholarly journals Impacto da adubação orgânica sobre a incidência de tripes em cebola

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Antônio de S. Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sousa e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Analisou-se a relação entre adubação orgânica e a incidência de Thrips tabaci Lind. em cebola (Allium cepa L), na EE de Ituporanga, entre agosto e dezembro de 1998. Os tratamentos foram determinados de acordo com a necessidade de N para a cultura pela análise de solo. Empregou-se como fonte orgânica diversos adubos fornecendo 75 Kg/ha de N (esterco suíno; adubo Barriga Verde® proveniente de esterco de aves; composto orgânico; esterco de peru; húmus); 37,5 Kg/ha de N (metade da dose normal com esterco de suíno); as testemunhas foram adubação mineral fornecendo 30-120-60 kg/ha de N-P2O5-K2O e o dobro da dose (60-240-120 kg/ha de N-P2O5-K2O); e testemunha sem adubação. Nenhum tratamento apresentou incidência de T. tabaci superior à testemunha sem adubo. A adubação mineral em relação à orgânica não favoreceu significativamente a incidência de T. tabaci . O processo de conversão do manejo do solo da área experimental de convencional para orgânico pode ter favorecido a infestação similar do inseto entre tratamentos. No período de maior incidência de T. tabaci, a relação com nutrientes foi descrita por um modelo envolvendo K/Zn, B e N de maneira positiva. A correlação entre nutrientes e T. tabaci não foi linear na maioria das avaliações. A adubação orgânica pode substituir a adubação mineral na cultura da cebola, pois foi possível atingir níveis de produtividade similares para ambos tratamentos.

scholarly journals Control biológico natural de trips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1888 (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) por sírfidos predadores en cultivo de cebolla i>(Allium cepa L.) por el cultivo de borduras y/o entrelineas

Agrotecnia ◽  
1999 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
A. Driutti
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Allium Cepa L

La cebolla <i>(Allium cepa L.)</i> es el cultivo más importante de la región del Alto Valle de ltajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Este cultivo tiene una elevada dependencia de los insumos químicos, siendo el trips <i>(Thrips tabaci Lind.)</i> la plaga más importante. En la búsqueda del desarrollo de métodos agroecológicos de producción, los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: 1) verificar la influencia de la introducción de algunas especies de plantas en las borduras y en líneas intercaladas en el cultivo, en el control biológico natural de <i>T. tabaci</i>, y 2) evaluar el potencial del control biológico natural de <i>T. tabaci</i> por larvas de sírfidos (Diptera:Syrphidae). Los experimentos fueron conducidos en ltuporanga, SC, en los años 1996 y 1997. El cultivo se desarrolló sin utilización de fertilizantes químicos y o productos de síntesis química. En los experimentos 1y11 se ensayó la introducción de una mezcla de especies en las borduras, a saber: trigo sarraceno, maíz, girasol, repollo y nabo forrajero. En el experimento 111 se ensayó el efecto de la siembra de nabo forrajero en las borduras y en líneas paralelas entre las líneas del cultivo de cebolla. Se constató que la siembra de especies atractivas para los predatores en las borduras, y de líneas en el interior del cultivo, reduce la densidad poblacional de <i>T. tabaci</i> en las plantas de cebolla. No se encontró una relación de dependencia entre las poblaciones de <i>T. tabaci</i> y larvas de sírfidos. Concluimos que en condiciones de cultivo agroecológico de cebolla, se verificó un efecto favorable en el control biológico natural de este insecto, y que este proceso se efectúa por varias especies antagonistas, no conocidas en su totalidad.

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