Maternal Behavior and Sharing by Toddlers

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1057-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Klein ◽  
Leon J. Yarrow
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Halo Effects ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Social Sharing

In a study of 33 lower income black infants, carried out when they were 19-mo.-old toddlers, social sharing to mother was related to a measure of maternal praise and encouragement. Because these measures were obtained in separate sessions with different observers the possibility of halo effects was minimized. Also neither measure related significantly to the Bayley Mental Development Index. The results extend previous work on sharing done with middle-class toddlers and point up the importance of individual differences in their behavior.

Stability of Individual Differences in Infants' Manipulation and Exploration of Objects

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly A. Ruff ◽  
Karen Dubiner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index

The purpose of this study was to assess stability of manipulative behavior across time. 29 infants were seen at both 9 and 9.5 mo.; 20 of these infants were seen again at 12 mo. At each visit the infants were presented several objects for familiarization and tested for response to discrepant objects. Each trial was scored for the duration of looking, rotating the object, fingering, mouthing, and banging, the frequency of transferring the object from hand to hand, and the frequency of dropping, throwing and pushing the object away. Analysis of the data yielded moderate to high correlations between 9 and 9.5 mo. for all but one behavior. Correlations between 9 and 12 mo. were in the same range for most of the behaviors. On the test trials, there were fewer significant correlations. When the behaviors were separated into exploratory and nonexploratory categories, there was more stability for the nonexploratory behaviors; summary scores for both were concurrently related to Bayley Mental Development Index at 12 mo., but in opposite directions. The results suggest that there is stability in some manipulative behaviors, and further, that it is useful to conceptualize two types of manipulative behavior.

Effect of Iron Therapy on Behavior Performance in Nonanemic, Iron-Deficient Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. Oski ◽  
Alice S. Honig ◽  
Brenda Helu ◽  
Peter Howanitz
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Serum Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Parenteral Iron

In an effort to determine whether iron deficiency, in the absence of anemia (hemoglobin >11.0 g/dL), might produce alterations in behavioral development, four groups of nonanemic infants, 9 to 12 months of age, with varying degrees of iron deficiency were studied. Infants were classified as iron sufficient, iron depleted, or iron deficient based on measurements of serum ferritin concentration, erythrocyte protoporphyrin values, and the mean cell volume of erythrocytes. Subjects in each group were tested with the Bayley Mental Development Index, treated with parenteral iron, and retested seven days later. The administration of iron produced a significant increase in the Mental Development Index scores (+21.6 points) in the infants with iron deficiency but no significant change in the scores of infants with iron sufficiency (+6.2 points) or only iron depletion (+5.6 points). It is concluded that iron deficiency, even in the absence of anemia, results in biochemical alterations that impair behavior in infants.

Micropremies

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-167
Author(s):  
HARLEY G. GINSBERG
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Female Infant ◽  
Developmental Assessment ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Developmental Index

To the Editor.— We read with great interest the editorial submitted by Drs Moro and Minoli describing the neurodevelopmental outcome of an infant who was delivered at 27 weeks gestation with a birth weight of 450 g.1 We were disappointed, however, that they overlooked our recent report of a 380-g female infant who was delivered at 25 3/7 weeks gestation.2 Our infant, Monica, is developing normally after a 122-day hospitalization. Her 20-month Bayley developmental assessment revealed a mental development index of 69 (102 when corrected for prematurity), and psychomotor developmental index of 97 (122 when corrected for prematurity).

scholarly journals Gangguan Kognitif pada Anemia Defisiensi Besi

Sari Pediatri ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Lily Irsa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Development ◽  
Infant Behavior ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index

Anemia defisiensi besi masih merupakan masalah kesehatan terutama di negara yangsedang berkembang. Zat besi banyak dibutuhkan otak karena metabolisme oksidasinyayang tinggi. Beberapa enzim dalam proses oksidasi dan metabolisme sel membutuhkanbesi. Gangguan kognitif pada anemia defisiensi besi telah banyak diteliti. Beberapa halyang berhubungan dengan gangguan kognitif pada anemia defisiensi telah dikemukakan;terganggunya enzim-enzim yang berperan dalam metabolisme otak, gangguan dalammielinisasi dan terganggunya oksigenasi sel. Pada pemeriksaan terhadap bayi yangmenderita anemia defisiensi besi didapatkan skor Mental Development Index (MDI)yang rendah dan Infant Behavior Record (IBR) memperlihatkan perbedaan emosi. Padaanak usia sekolah didapatkan prestasi belajar yang rendah dan konsentrasi belajar yangsingkat.

scholarly journals Infant Mental Development Index: Hu et al. Respond

2007 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. A186-A187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Hu ◽  
Martha María Téllez-Rojo ◽  
Héctor Lamadrid-Figueroa ◽  
Adriana Mercado-García ◽  
Mauricio Hernández-Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index

scholarly journals The Bayley-III scale may underestimate neurodevelopmental disability after cardiac surgery in infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Andrew B Goldstone ◽  
Michael Baiocchi ◽  
David Wypij ◽  
Christian Stopp ◽  
Dean B Andropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disability ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Bayley Scales

Abstract OBJECTIVES Neurodevelopmental disability is the most common complication among congenital heart surgery survivors. The Bayley scales are standardized instruments to assess neurodevelopment. The most recent edition (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition, Bayley-III) yields better-than-expected scores in typically developing and high-risk infants than the second edition (Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2nd Edition, BSID-II). We compared BSID-II and Bayley-III scores in infants undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS We evaluated 2198 infants who underwent operations with cardiopulmonary bypass between 1996 and 2009 at 26 institutions. We used propensity score matching to limit confounding by indication in a subset of patients (n = 705). RESULTS Overall, unadjusted Bayley-III motor scores were higher than BSID-II Psychomotor Development Index scores (90.7 ± 17.2 vs 77.6 ± 18.8, P < 0.001), and unadjusted Bayley-III composite cognitive and language scores were higher than BSID-II Mental Development Index scores (92.0 ± 15.4 vs 88.2 ± 16.7, P < 0.001). In the propensity-matched analysis, Bayley-III motor scores were higher than BSID-II Psychomotor Development Index scores [absolute difference 14.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.7–17.6; P < 0.001] and the Bayley-III classified fewer children as having severe [odds ratio (OR) 0.24; 95% CI 0.14–0.42] or mild-to-moderate impairment (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.14–0.32). The composite of Bayley-III cognitive and language scores was higher than BSID-II Mental Development Index scores (absolute difference 4.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.7; P = 0.003), but there was no difference between Bayley editions in the proportion of children classified as having severe cognitive and language impairment. CONCLUSIONS The Bayley-III yielded higher scores than the BSID-II and classified fewer children as severely impaired. The systematic bias towards higher scores with the Bayley-III precludes valid comparisons between early and contemporary cardiac surgery cohorts.

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