Selection of Consequences: Adaptive Behavior from Random Reinforcement

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Marken
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Contingency ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
Conditioning Experiment ◽  
Random Reinforcement ◽  
Random Change ◽  
Selection Of

The behavior of subjects in a human operant conditioning experiment was “shaped” using a random reinforcement contingency. Bar-press responses kept a moving cursor near a target although the consequence of each response was a random change in the direction of the cursor. The apparent effect of reinforcement on behavior is shown to be an illusion created by ignoring the consistency of behavioral results.

Human Operant Conditioning

2017 ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
A. Obrist Paul ◽  
Jasper Brener A.H. Black ◽  
DiCara Leo V.
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Human Operant

scholarly journals Review of Davey and Cullen’s Human Operant Conditioning and Behavior Modification

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Shull ◽  
P. Scott Lawrence ◽  
Mary E. Tota ◽  
Jennifer A. Sharp ◽  
Mark A. Drusdow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
And Behavior

Use of temperature stress with cool air reinforcement for human operant conditioning.

1962 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Paul ◽  
Charles W. Eriksen ◽  
Lloyd G. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Human Operant

Verbal Conditioning without Awareness Using a Highly Discriminable, Monetary Reinforcer

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Koffer ◽  
Grant Coulson ◽  
Leslie Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Reinforcement Contingency ◽  
Verbal Conditioning ◽  
Target Response ◽  
The Third

During discussion of a variety of topics by 2 undergraduates a target response, 1 of 3 affirmatives, was reinforced by one of the discussants by delivery of a nickel. Although nickel delivery increased the frequency of the target response, neither of the 2 subjects could describe the reinforcement contingency until the end of the third session. It was concluded that operant conditioning without awareness occurred even when the response was reinforced by the highly discriminable event of delivery of a nickel.

A Note on Generalization by Schizophrenics

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
James R. Morris ◽  
John E. Hannon ◽  
Michael Dinoff
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Conditioning Experiment ◽  
Interaction Behavior

Six chronic, regressed schizophrenic Ss who had been identified as “poor” generalizers in an earlier operant conditioning experiment designed to foster interaction behavior, e.g., other-oriented speech, were Ss. By partially reinstating the cues from the original operant conditioning situation, generalization of interaction behavior appeared in five of the six Ss.

Reinforcement of Verbal Social Behavior in Moderately Retarded Children

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. McClure
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Reinforcement Contingency ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Social Responding

Operant conditioning techniques were used to study talking behavior of retarded peers. A design using concurrent verbal and nonverbal operants was devised to test several hypotheses. Verbal social responding increased in a group with contingent reinforcement and verbal instructions about the reinforcement contingency but not in groups with either condition alone.

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