Lake Bonneville stratigraphy at the Old River Bed, Utah

1987 ◽  
Vol 287 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Oviatt
Keyword(s):  
Lake Bonneville ◽  
River Bed

Late Pleistocene and early Holocene rivers and wetlands in the Bonneville basin of western North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Oviatt ◽  
David B. Madsen ◽  
Dave N. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Great Basin ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Lake Bonneville ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Bonneville Basin

AbstractField investigations at Dugway Proving Ground in western Utah have produced new data on the chronology and human occupation of late Pleistocene and early Holocene lakes, rivers, and wetlands in the Lake Bonneville basin. We have classified paleo-river channels of these ages as “gravel channels” and “sand channels.” Gravel channels are straight to curved, digitate, and have abrupt bulbous ends. They are composed of fine gravel and coarse sand, and are topographically inverted (i.e., they stand higher than the surrounding mudflats). Sand channels are younger and sand filled, with well-developed meander-scroll morphology that is truncated by deflated mudflat surfaces. Gravel channels were formed by a river that originated as overflow from the Sevier basin along the Old River Bed during the late regressive phases of Lake Bonneville (after 12,500 and prior to 11,000 14C yr B.P.). Dated samples from sand channels and associated fluvial overbank and wetland deposits range in age from 11,000 to 8800 14C yr B.P., and are probably related to continued Sevier-basin overflow and to groundwater discharge. Paleoarchaic foragers occupied numerous sites on gravel-channel landforms and adjacent to sand channels in the extensive early Holocene wetland habitats. Reworking of tools and limited toolstone diversity is consistent with theoretical models suggesting Paleoarchaic foragers in the Old River Bed delta were less mobile than elsewhere in the Great Basin.

A Paleo-Lake and wetland paleoecology associated with human use of the distal Old River Bed Delta at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Bonneville Basin, Utah, USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Manuel R. Palacios-Fest ◽  
Daron Duke ◽  
D. Craig Young ◽  
Jason D. Kirk ◽  
Charles G. Oviatt
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Lake Bonneville ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Bonneville Basin

Abstract Mollusk and ostracode assemblages from the distal Old River Bed delta (ORBD) contribute to our understanding of the Lake Bonneville basin Pleistocene-Holocene transition (PHT) wetland and human presence on the ORBD (ca. 13,000–7500 cal yr BP). Located on U.S. Air Force-managed lands of the Great Salt Lake Desert (GSLD) in western Utah, USA, the area provided 30 samples from 12 localities. The biological assemblages and the potential water sources using 87Sr/86Sr analyses showed wetland expansion and contraction across the PHT, including the Younger-Dryas Chronozone (YDC). The record reflects cold, freshwater conditions, which is uncharacteristic of the Great Salt Lake Desert, after recession of Lake Bonneville. Lymnaea stagnalis jugularis, Cytherissa lacustris, and possibly Candona sp. cf. C. adunca, an endemic and extinct species only reported from Lake Bonneville, suggest cold-water environments. Between 13,000–12,400 cal yr BP, a shallow lake formed, referred to as the Old River Bed delta lake, fed by Lake Gunnison, as shown by 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.71024–0.71063 in mollusk fossils collected at the ORBD, characteristic of the Sevier basin. These findings add paleoenvironmental context to the long-term use of the ORBD by humans in constantly changing wetland habitats between 13,000–9500 cal yr BP.

Water Provenance at the Old River Bed Inland Delta and Ground Water Flow from the Sevier Basin of Central Utah during the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Bradbury ◽  
Paul W. Jewell ◽  
Diego P. Fernandez ◽  
Jory C. Lerback ◽  
Jennifer V. DeGraffenried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Ground Water Flow ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Lake Bonneville ◽  
River Bed

Abstract To ascertain the provenance of water reaching wetlands in an area sustaining a population of Pleistocene–Holocene foragers, 87-strontium/86-strontium isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of mollusks from channels of the Old River Bed inland delta of central Utah were measured. Potential provenances examined included overflow from Pleistocene–Holocene Lake Gunnison, ground water flow from the Sevier basin, ground water discharge from piedmont aquifers infiltrated by Lake Bonneville, and ground waters from local regional aquifers. Old River Bed inland delta channels active from ~13.2 cal ka BP until ~11.2 cal ka BP have 87Sr/86Sr values of 0.70930–0.71049 that are consistent with water sourced from Lake Gunnison in the Sevier basin. Inland delta channels active from ~11.2 cal ka BP until shortly after ~9.3 cal ka BP have 87Sr/86Sr values of 0.70977–0.71033, suggesting ground water flowed from the Sevier basin during the early Holocene. Ratios of 87Sr/86Sr did not match known values for Lake Bonneville, but the youngest Old River Bed inland delta channel system has an 87Sr/86Sr ratio consistent with a local ground water source, perhaps Government Creek. Consistent ground water discharge may explain the persistence of foragers in the region despite the increasingly arid climate of the Great Basin.

Shorelines and vertebrate fauna of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, Utah, Idaho, and Nevada

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 181-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Milligan ◽  
H. Gregory McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Lake Bonneville ◽  
Vertebrate Fauna ◽  
World Class

Pleistocene Lake Bonneville created many classic examples of lacustrine shoreline landforms, which preserve a wide variety of vertebrate fossils. _is _eld guide provides a review of the published literature for a sampling of the lake’s world-class localities. _is guide also provides a brief overview of modern Great Salt Lake and its microbialites recently exposed by near-record low lake levels. Stops include G.K. Gilbert Geologic View Park, Draper spit, Steep Mountain beach, Point of the Mountain spit, American Fork delta, Stockton Bar, and Great Salt Lake State Park.

Distribution of nitrifying bacteria in a shallow stream

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jancarkova ◽  
Tove A. Larsen ◽  
Willi Gujer
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Channel Water ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Major Floods ◽  
Shallow Stream ◽  
Stream Bed

A project investigating the dynamics of self-purification processes in a shallow stream is carried out. Effects of the concentration gradient due to the distance to the pollution source, of hydraulic conditions in the river bed and of storm floods on the distribution of nitrifying bacteria were studied with the help of laboratory and field experiments. Nitrifiers density on the surface of the stream bed increased rapidly up to a distance of 300 m from the WWTP indicating possible competition of the nitrifiers with the heterotrophic bacteria close to the WWTP. Afterwards a slight decrease in the downstream direction was observed. In vertical profiles, higher bacterial densities were found at sites with rapid infiltration of channel water to the stream bed than at sites with no exchange between channel water and stream bed water or where stream bed water exfiltrated. A major flood event scoured the nitrifiers nearly totally from the surface of the river bed. Major floods belong so to the most dominant processes controlling self-purification in shallow streams. Minor floods, however, don't scour bacteria in the depth of the stream bed that could then be important for the self-purification processes.

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