scholarly journals New cases of facultative interspecific brood parasitism in Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) and Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Alexandru N. Stermin
Keyword(s):  
Brood Parasitism ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Interspecific Brood Parasitism ◽  
Fulica Atra

Abstract Many hypotheses try to explain the evolution and possible relations between obligate and facultative brood parasitism in birds. To explore this, a large number of observations and data are needed. Our understanding based on the observations of facultative parasitic species published in the literature is less clear compared to the obligate parasitic species. This communication is about three cases of facultative interspecific brood parasitism. Two nests of Black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) parasite by Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra) and one nest of Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta) parasite by Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus). These observations are significant as long as interspecific brood parasitism was frequently described in Gruiformes (Rallidae) but has rarely observed within Charadriiformes.

scholarly journals Brood parasitism in eusocial insects (Hymenoptera): role of host geographical range size and phylogeny

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20180203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Suhonen ◽  
Jaakko J. Ilvonen ◽  
Tommi Nyman ◽  
Jouni Sorvari
Keyword(s):  
Brood Parasitism ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Social Parasite ◽  
Brood Parasite ◽  
Social Parasites ◽  
Brood Parasites ◽  
Eusocial Insects ◽  
Interspecific Brood Parasitism ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Interspecific brood parasitism is common in many animal systems. Brood parasites enter the nests of other species and divert host resources for producing their own offspring, which can lead to strong antagonistic parasite–host coevolution. Here, we look at commonalities among social insect species that are victims of brood parasites, and use phylogenetic data and information on geographical range size to predict which species are most probably to fall victims to brood parasites in the future. In our analyses, we focus on three eusocial hymenopteran groups and their brood parasites: (i) bumblebees, (ii) Myrmica ants, and (iii) vespine and polistine wasps. In these groups, some, but not all, species are parasitized by obligate workerless inquilines that only produce reproductive-caste descendants. We find phylogenetic signals for geographical range size and the presence of parasites in bumblebees, but not in ants and wasps. Phylogenetic logistic regressions indicate that the probability of being attacked by one or more brood parasite species increases with the size of the geographical range in bumblebees, but the effect is statistically only marginally significant in ants. However, non-phylogenetic logistic regressions suggest that bumblebee species with the largest geographical range sizes may have a lower likelihood of harbouring social parasites than do hosts with medium-sized ranges. Our results provide new insights into the ecology and evolution of host–social parasite systems, and indicate that host phylogeny and geographical range size can be used to predict threats posed by social parasites, as well to design efficient conservation measures for both hosts and their parasites. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The coevolutionary biology of brood parasitism: from mechanism to pattern’.

scholarly journals Parasitic cuckoo catfish exploit parental responses to stray offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20180412 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Polačik ◽  
M. Reichard ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
R. Blažek
Keyword(s):  
Brood Parasitism ◽  
Lake Tanganyika ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Brood Parasite ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Brood Parasites ◽  
Parental Response ◽  
Interspecific Brood Parasitism ◽  
Late Developmental Stage ◽  
Parental Responses

Interspecific brood parasitism occurs in several independent lineages of birds and social insects, putatively evolving from intraspecific brood parasitism. The cuckoo catfish, Synodontis multipunctatus , the only known obligatory non-avian brood parasite, exploits mouthbrooding cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika, despite the absence of parental care in its evolutionary lineage (family Mochokidae). Cuckoo catfish participate in host spawning events, with their eggs subsequently collected and brooded by parental cichlids, though they can later be selectively rejected by the host. One scenario for the origin of brood parasitism in cuckoo catfish is through predation of cichlid eggs during spawning, eventually resulting in a spatial and temporal match in oviposition by host and parasite. Here we demonstrate experimentally that, uniquely among all known brood parasites, cuckoo catfish have the capacity to re-infect their hosts at a late developmental stage following egg rejection. We show that cuckoo catfish offspring can survive outside the host buccal cavity and re-infect parental hosts at a later incubation phase by exploiting the strong parental instinct of hosts to collect stray offspring. This finding implies an alternative evolutionary origin for cuckoo catfish brood parasitism, with the parental response of host cichlids facilitating its evolution. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The coevolutionary biology of brood parasitism: from mechanism to pattern’.

Interspecific brood parasitism in galliform birds

Ibis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN H. KRAKAUER ◽  
REBECCA T. KIMBALL
Keyword(s):  
Brood Parasitism ◽  
Interspecific Brood Parasitism

scholarly journals Egg Discrimination in the Yellowhammer

The Condor ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Procházka ◽  
Marcel Honza
Keyword(s):  
Brood Parasitism ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Brood Parasite ◽  
Cuculus Canorus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Egg Discrimination ◽  
Emberiza Citrinella ◽  
Interspecific Brood Parasitism ◽  
Egg Mimicry ◽  
A Minor

Abstract In a coevolutionary arms race between a brood parasite and its host, both species evolve adaptations and counteradaptations, such as egg mimicry and egg discrimination. The Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a minor host of the Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) in Europe. We studied egg discrimination in the Yellowhammer in the Czech Republic where it is parasitized only occasionally. To investigate host responses to parasitic eggs, we added either a nonmimetic (blue) or a mimetic (conspecific) egg to 50 nests. The hosts rejected nonmimetic eggs at a higher rate (92%) than mimetic eggs (32%). Neither intraclutch variation nor contrast between mimetic and host eggs had a significant effect on rejection behavior. There is no evidence for intraspecific brood parasitism in this species. The ability to reject mimetic eggs has therefore most likely evolved as an adaptation against interspecific brood parasitism and may be the reason why the Yellowhammer is parasitized only occasionally. Discriminación de Huevos en Emberiza citrinella Resumen. En una carrera armamentista co-evolutiva entre un ave parásita y su hospedador es previsible que ambas especies desarrollen adaptaciones y contraadaptaciones tales como el ovomimetismo y la ovodiscriminación. Emberiza citrinella es un huésped menor de Cuculus canorus en Europa. Estudiamos la capacidad discriminatoria de los huevos, por parte de Emberiza citrinella, en la República Checa, donde la especie es parasitada sólo ocasionalmente. Con objeto de investigar la respuesta del hospedador a los huevos parásitos, añadimos un huevo no mimético (azul) o uno mimético (coespecífico) a 50 nidos. El hospedador rechazó los huevos no miméticos en una proporción más elevada (92%) que los miméticos (32%). Ni la variación de la apariencia del huevo dentro de la puesta, ni el contraste entre los huevos miméticos y los del hospedador, parecen tener algún efecto significativo en el comportamiento de rechazo. No hay evidencias de la existencia de parasitismo intraespecífico en esta especie. Por tanto, la habilidad de Emberiza citrinella para rechazar huevos miméticos probablemente ha evolucionado como una adaptación contra el parasitismo interespecífico y esta puede ser la razón de por qué la especie es parasitada sólo de manera ocasional.

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