Komunikasi Interpersonal Keluarga sebagai Penunjang Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Rantau Asal Papua-Papua Barat

In this study, the researcher aims to find out how interpersonal communication in the family can support a person's mental health, especially overseas students. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, which focuses on telling the phenomenon of the role of family communication on student mentality, which is experienced directly by overseas students from Papua-West Papua. The results of this study show that communication plays a very important role in supporting one's mental health, especially overseas students who now have to study in a pandemic situation. Communication that supports this in the form of open communication and willing to listen. During this pandemic, some students chose to return to their hometowns, but some had to stay overseas due to certain conditions. Each student told a different experience, but more or less had something in common, namely feeling pressured or stressed with lectures. Through communication, students tend to feel their burden is reduced. Parental responses also build enthusiasm in students and provide strength, which reduces stress and helps students' mental health. The willingness of parents to hear stories and give positive words turned out to give students a feeling of comfort and relief.

Prolactin maintains parental responses and alters reproductive axis gene expression, but not courtship behaviors, in both sexes of a biparental bird

Prolactin, a hormone involved in vertebrate parental care, is hypothesized to inhibit reproductive hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis activity during parenting, thus maintaining investment in the current brood as opposed to new reproductive efforts. While prolactin underlies many parental behaviors in birds, its effects on other reproductive behaviors, such as courtship, remain unstudied. How prolactin affects neuropeptide and hormone receptor expression across the avian HPG axis also remains unknown. To address these questions, we administered ovine prolactin (oPRL) or a vehicle control to both sexes in experienced pairs of the biparental rock dove (Columba livia), after nest removal at the end of incubation. We found that oPRL promoted parental responses to novel chicks and stimulated crop growth compared to controls, consistent with other studies. However, we found that neither courtship behaviors, copulation rates nor pair maintenance differed with oPRL treatment. Across the HPG, we found oPRL had little effect on gene expression in hypothalamic nuclei, but increased expression of FSHB and hypothalamic hormone receptor genes in the pituitary. In the gonads, oPRL increased testes size and gonadotropin receptor expression, but did not affect ovarian state or small white follicle gene expression. However, the oviducts of oPRL-treated females were smaller and had lower estrogen receptor expression compared with controls. Our results highlight that some species, especially those that show multiple brooding, may be able to maintain mating behavior despite elevated prolactin. Thus, mechanisms may exist for prolactin to promote investment in parental care without concurrent inhibition of reproductive function or HPG axis activity.

Mothers’ Perspectives on Resistance and Defiance in Middle Childhood: Promoting Autonomy and Social Skill

This study explored mothers’ perceptions of their children’s resistance to their requests and defiance of parental authority during middle childhood and early adolescence. We were interested in parental perceptions of change in resistance, their interpretations of the meaning of resistance, and parental responses to these behaviors. Forty Canadian mothers of children 9–13 years of age participated for one week in a study focused on parents’ experiences of children’s resistance and opposition. Procedures consisted of a qualitative analysis of mothers’ reports from a five-day event diary and a 1 h semi-structured interview. Mothers reported developmental changes in the quantity and quality of children’s resistance to parental requests and expectations. Most mothers reported increasing displays of defiance and direct and indirect expressions of attitude but also noted changes in the skill with which children expressed resistance. Mothers interpreted children’s resistance as annoying but normal expressions of children’s developing autonomy. Mothers supported children’s right to expression of agency through resistance but attempted to channel children’s resistance toward socially competent expressions of assertiveness. The findings have implications for a relational perspective on autonomy-supportive parenting and parents’ goals for children’s developing social competence in the 21st century.

75 Parental perspective about the health and development of their extremely preterm child

Primary Subject area Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Background Preterm birth outcome studies and clinical follow-up have traditionally focused on neurodevelopment. We previously showed in a selected sample of parents that they also valued other types of outcomes. Objectives This study aimed to validate these findings in a more diverse cohort by examining parental perspectives about the positive and negative aspects of their very preterm child’s health and development in relation to level of neurodevelopment impairment (NDI). Design/Methods Parents of children born < 29 weeks gestational age in 2016-2018 and seen at two Canadian neonatal follow-up clinics were invited to complete an online survey about their level of agreement with statements about their child’s health, development, and well-being. Parental responses in relation to their child’s level of NDI were examined using Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square for trends tests. Results 199 parental responses were obtained for 165 children (65% of eligible children). Of these children, 52%, 27% and 21% had, respectively, no, mild to moderate, and severe NDI. Development was the most common source of concerns (49%), followed by the child’s future (35%), and physical health (35%). Parents of children with severe NDI were more likely to express concerns than those with mild to moderate or no NDI. Parents rated their child’s health relatively high with a median score of 8/10 (range 3-10). Children with no NDI were given higher scores than those with NDI (p = 0.004). Regardless of level of NDI, almost all parents agreed with their child being happy (p = 1.000) and having a positive personality (p = 0.207). Figure 1 shows that parental concerns increased with level of NDI. Conclusion Parents of preterm children have a balanced perspective on their child’s outcome. Integrating their views when developing core sets of important outcomes for neonatal follow-up is critical.

Children’s demands for parental action

Theory and research on parent–child interaction generally make a priori assumptions of asymmetry in authority between parent and child. Rather than investigating how children exercise autonomy by resisting parental authority, I examine their methods for exercising deontic authority in interaction with their parents. Using conversation analysis and drawing on Stevanovic and Peräkylä’s distinction between deontic status and stance, I analyse video-recorded naturally occurring interactions in which children issue demands to their parents, thus claiming a high deontic stance. Parents may choose to comply and reinforce the claim or not. Domains of deontic authority are (re)negotiated when children pursue compliance; though children can test the boundaries of their authority, parental responses reinforce them, reifying their own authority.

Neurotranscriptomic changes associated with chick-directed parental care in adult non-reproductive Japanese quail

For many species, parental care critically affects offspring survival. But what drives animals to display parental behaviours towards young? In mammals, pregnancy-induced physiological transformations seem key in preparing the neural circuits that lead towards attraction (and reduced-aggression) to young. Beyond mammalian maternal behaviour, knowledge of the neural mechanisms that underlie young-directed parental care is severely lacking. We took advantage of a domesticated bird species, the Japanese quail, for which parental behaviour towards chicks can be induced in virgin non-reproductive adults through a sensitization procedure, a process that is not effective in all animals. We used the variation in parental responses to study neural transcriptomic changes associated with the sensitization procedure itself and with the outcome of the procedure (i.e., presence of parental behaviours). We found differences in gene expression in the hypothalamus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, but not the nucleus taeniae. Two genes identified are of particular interest. One is neurotensin, previously only demonstrated to be causally associated with maternal care in mammals. The other one is urocortin 3, causally demonstrated to affect young-directed neglect and aggression in mammals. Because our studies were conducted in animals that were reproductively quiescent, our results reflect core neural changes that may be associated with avian young-directed care independently of extensive hormonal stimulation. Our work opens new avenues of research into understanding the neural basis of parental care in non-placental species.

Out on YouTube: Queer Youths and Coming Out Videos in Asia and America

Coming out videos have become an increasingly popular genre on social media among queer youths and YouTube celebrities, and a few most popular ones have generated tens of millions of views combined that have also caught wide public attention from traditional mass media. This paper considers and compares two (sets of) coming out videos on YouTube from the Rhodes brothers in the United States and the Huang brothers in Taiwan that both became landmark social media and mass media events. It questions the normative narrative of coming out and the uneven flows of youth cultures and celebrity cultures online, where the visibility of certain social groups has masked the invisibility of other marginalized people. The critique extends to the “YouTube celebrity economy” and video-based female queer fandom, as well as the parents’ responses and reactions to their children’s coming out that have been recorded on video—an important part of coming out that is often overlooked in queer studies and youth studies. This paper offers a unique lens that connects online stardom and fandom to parental responses to coming out, shedding further light on global youth cultures, YouTube economy and queer celebrities, and parent-youth relations in Asia and America.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children with asthma in Jordan: a parental questionnaire

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a 10-week lockdown on children with asthma aged 4–17 years in terms of presentations to the emergency department (ED), frequency of admissions, compliance with medications and changes in pulmonary function testing results.Design and settingA questionnaire-based cross-sectional study using Google Forms to collect parents’ and caregivers’ responses after they consented to participation.ResultsA total of 374 parents/caregivers were contacted and 297 (79%) responded. The majority of the children were male (188 or 63%) and 49.8% were aged 7–12 years. More than half of the participants (194 or 65%) reported improved compliance with medications and spacer use. There was a significant reduction in the number of presentations to the ED from 137 to 80 and admissions to hospital from 56 to 24 during the 10-week lockdown period compared with the same time period in the previous year (p≤0.0001). Around 25% of the participants used telemedicine by phone and social media applications for communication with their treating physician and 59 (80%) described it as easy and smooth.ConclusionThe national lockdown in Jordan due to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a fall in emergency presentations and hospital admissions for acute asthma exacerbations. Parental responses indicate that fears focused around COVID-19 were associated with enhanced compliance with use preventer medications during the lockdown.