scholarly journals Muellerella, a lichenicolous fungal genus recovered as polyphyletic within Chaetothyriomycetidae (Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-381
Author(s):  
Lucia Muggia ◽  
Sergio Pérez-Ortega ◽  
Damien Ertz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Taxon Sampling ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Black Fungi ◽  
Culture Dependent ◽  
Multilocus Phylogeny

AbstractMolecular data and culture-dependent methods have helped to uncover the phylogenetic relationships of numerous species of lichenicolous fungi, a specialized group of taxa that inhabit lichens and have developed diverse degrees of specificity and parasitic behaviors. The majority of lichenicolous fungal taxa are known in either their anamorphic or teleomorphic states, although their anamorph-teleomorph relationships have been resolved in only a few cases. The pycnidium-forming Lichenodiplis lecanorae and the perithecioid taxa Muellerella atricola and M. lichenicola were recently recovered as monophyletic in Chaetothyriales (Eurotiomycetes). Both genera are lichenicolous on multiple lichen hosts, upon which they show a subtle morphological diversity reflected in the description of 14 species in Muellerella (of which 12 are lichenicolous) and 12 in Lichenodiplis. Here we focus on the teleomorphic genus Muellerella and investigate its monophyly by expanding the taxon sampling to other species occurring on diverse lichen hosts. We generated molecular data for two nuclear and one mitochondrial loci (28S, 18S and 16S) from environmental samples. The present multilocus phylogeny confirms the monophyletic lineage of the teleomorphic M. atricola and M. lichenicola with their L. lecanorae-like anamorphs, but places the rest of the Muellerella species studied in two different monophyletic lineages with strong support. The first, Muellerella spp. 1, is nested within some new lineages of black fungi isolated from different epilithic lichen thalli, while the second, Muellerella spp. 2, is closely related to the Verrucariales. Based on these results, we reappraise the phylogenetic placement of Muellerella and suggest its polyphyly within Chaetothyriomycetidae.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identification of a new species of Atraporiella (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 332 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZI-QIANG WU ◽  
SHAN SHEN ◽  
KAI-YUE LUO ◽  
ZHENG-HUI WANG ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Characters

A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal species, Atraporiella yunnanensis sp. nov., is proposed based on morphological and molecular characters. The species is characterized by cream pore surface when dry, which is easy to separate from substrate and very rapidly stained dark brown to black when bruised; hyphal system monomitic with generative hyphae hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, unbranched, interwoven; slightly allantoid basidiospores, 2.2–3 × 0.8–1.5 µm. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that Atraporiella yunnanensis belonged to the residual polyporoid clade, formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and was closely related to A. neotropica, and then grouped with other related genera: Antrodiella, Pouzaroporia, Steccherinum and Xanthoporus. Both morphological and molecular characters confirmed the placement of the new species in Atraporiella.

Phlebia nigrodontea sp. nov. in Meruliaceae (Polyporales) with a black hymenial surface

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 458 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
RUO-XIA HUANG ◽  
KAI-YUE LUO ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Phlebioid Clade ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungus, Phlebia nigrodontea, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by a grandinioid hymenophore with vinaceous brown to black colour, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid, colourless, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores (3.9–4.9 × 2.3–3.1 µm). Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses carried out using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on the molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. nigrodontea nested within the phlebioid clade. A further investigation of more representative taxa from Phlebia, based on ITS+nLSU sequences, demonstrated that the species P. nigrodontea formed a monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BS, 100% BT, 1.00 BPP) and closely grouped with P. chrysocreas.

Morphological and molecular identification of a new species of Perenniporia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in North America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 351 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
SHAN SHEN ◽  
TAI-MIN XU ◽  
JASON KARAKEHIAN ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Molecular Characters

A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal species, Perenniporia bostonensis sp. nov., is proposed based on morphological and molecular characters. The species is characterized by resupinate, cream to buff pore surface; a dimitic hyphal system with skeletal hyphae strongly dextrinoid, unbranched, interwoven and a distinct wide lumen; ovoid to broad ellipsoid, non-truncate, hyaline, distinct thick-walled, smooth, dextrinoid basidiospores, 3.5–4.5 × 3–4 µm. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. bostonensis recognized in Perenniporia sensu stricto. The new species formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and was closely related to P. bannaensis and P. koreana. Both morphological and molecular characters confirmed the placement of the new species in Perenniporia.

Heteroradulum yunnanensis sp. nov. (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 437 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
QIAN-XIN GUAN ◽  
CHAO-MAO LIU ◽  
TANG-JIE ZHAO ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Heteroradulum yunnanensis, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiomata with odontoid hymenial surface (50–100 µm long), more or less pronounced yellow stains in older basidiomata, a monomitic hyphal system with thin-walled, clamped generative hyphae and two to three-celled basidia and cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI–, CB– basidiospores measuring as 17–24 ×5–8 µm. Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that Heteroradulum yunnanensis formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and then grouped with H. adnatum.

Phlebia ailaoshanensis sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (3) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAN SHEN ◽  
XIANG MA ◽  
TAI-MIN XU ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Phlebioid Clade ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungus, Phlebia ailaoshanensis, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with tuberculate to phlebioid hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with slightly thick-walled generative hyphae bearing simple septa, IKI–, CB– and ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI–, CB– basidiospores measuring as 5.7–8.5 × 3–4.3 µm. Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. ailaoshanensis belonged to the Meruliaceae and nested into the phlebioid clade. Further investigation was obtained for more representative taxa in the Phlebia based on ITS+nLSU sequences, in which the result demonstrated that the species P. ailaoshanensis formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and then grouped with P. acanthocystis, P. chrysocreas, P. ludoviciana, P. subcretacea and P. uda.

Trechispora yunnanensis sp. nov. (Hydnodontaceae, Basidiomycota) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 424 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAI-MIN XU ◽  
YU-HUI CHEN ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Trechispora yunnanensis sp. nov., is proposed based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The species is characterized by resupinate basidiomata, rigid and fragile up on drying, cream to pale greyish hymenial surface; a monomitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing clamp connections, IKI-, CB-; ellipsoid, hyaline, thick-walled, ornamented, IKI-, CB- basidiospores measuring as 7–8.5 × 5–5.5 µm. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP) and bayesian inference methods (BPP). The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that T. yunnanensis formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% ML, 100% MP, 1.00 BPP) and was closely related to T. byssinella and T. laevis. Both morphological characteristics and results of molecular phylogenetic analyses confirmed the placement of the new species in Trechispora.

Morphological and molecular identification of a new species of Perenniporia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in North America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 351 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAN SHEN ◽  
TAI-MIN XU ◽  
JASON KARAKEHIAN ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Molecular Characters

A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal species, Perenniporia bostonensis sp. nov., is proposed based on morphological and molecular characters. The species is characterized by resupinate, cream to buff pore surface; a dimitic hyphal system with skeletal hyphae strongly dextrinoid, unbranched, interwoven and a distinct wide lumen; ovoid to broad ellipsoid, non-truncate, hyaline, distinct thick-walled, smooth, dextrinoid basidiospores, 3.5–4.5 × 3–4 µm. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. bostonensis recognized in Perenniporia sensu stricto. The new species formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and was closely related to P. bannaensis and P. koreana. Both morphological and molecular characters confirmed the placement of the new species in Perenniporia.

scholarly journals A Cretaceous-aged Palaeotropical dispersal established an endemic lineage of Caribbean praying mantises

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1863) ◽  
pp. 20171280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin J. Svenson ◽  
Henrique M. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Praying Mantis ◽  
Old World ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
High Diversity

Recent phylogenetic advances have uncovered remarkable biogeographic histories that have challenged traditional concepts of dispersal, vicariance and diversification in the Greater Antilles. Much of this focus has centred on vertebrate lineages despite the high diversity and endemism of terrestrial arthropods, which account for 2.5 times the generic endemism of all Antillean plants and non-marine vertebrates combined. In this study, we focus on three Antillean endemic praying mantis genera, Callimantis , Epaphrodita and Gonatista , to determine their phylogenetic placement and geographical origins. Each genus is enigmatic in their relation to other praying mantises due to their morphological affinities with both Neotropical and Old World groups. We recovered the three genera as a monophyletic lineage among Old World groups, which was supported by molecular and morphological evidence. With a divergence at approximately 107 Ma, the lineage originated during the break-up of Gondwana. Ancestral range reconstruction indicates the lineage dispersed from an African + Indomalayan range to the Greater Antilles, with a subsequent extinction in the Old World. The profound ecomorphic convergence with non-Caribbean groups obscured recognition of natural relationships within the same geographical distribution. To the best of our knowledge, the lineage is one of the oldest endemic animal groups in the Greater Antilles and their morphological diversity and restricted distribution mark them as a critical taxon to conserve.

Scytinostroma yunnanense sp. nov. (Russulales, Basidiomycota) evidenced by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 451 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
HUI WANG ◽  
XIAO HE ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Thin Walled

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Scytinostroma yunnanense, is proposed based on morphological and molecular evidences. The species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiomata with cream hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing simple septa, fusiform to cylindrical cystidia and basidiospores (4.5–5.5 × 4.2–5.2 µm) are acyanophilous, subglobose to globose, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, amyloid. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS sequences showed that the new species formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) and then was sister to S. duriusculum.

Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida:Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. James ◽  
Seana K. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
Taxon Sampling ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
16S Gene

Relationships among, and content of, earthworm families have been controversial and unstable. Here we analyse molecular data from 14 Crassiclitellata families represented by 54 genera, the non-crassiclitellate ‘earthworms’ of the Moniligastridae, plus several clitellate outgroups. Complete 28S and 18S gene sequences and a fragment of the 16S gene analysed separately or in concatenated Bayesian analyses indicate that most previously proposed suprafamilial taxa within the Crassiclitellata are para- or polyphyletic. There is strong support for the Metagynophora, which consists of the Crassiclitellata and Moniligastridae. The most basal within-Clitellata branch leads to the small families Komarekionidae, Sparganophilidae, Kynotidae, and Biwadrilidae, found in widely separated areas. A clade composed of Lumbricidae, Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Criodrilidae and Lutodrilidae appears near the base of the tree, but Criodrilidae and Biwadrilidae are not closely related because the former is sister to the Hormogastridae + Lumbricidae clade. The Glossoscolecidae is here separated into two families, the Glossoscolecidae s.s. and the Pontoscolecidae (fam. nov.). The Megascolecidae is monophyletic within a clade including all acanthodrilid earthworms. There is strong support for the Benhamiinae (Acanthodrilidae s.l.) as sister to Acanthodrilidae + Megascolecidae, but taxon sampling within other acanthodrilid groups was not sufficient to reach further conclusions. The resulting trees support revised interpretations of morphological character evolution.’

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