scholarly journals Phylogeographic Estimates of Colonization of The Deep Atlantic by The Protobranch Bivalve Nucula Atacellana

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Jennings ◽  
Ron J. Etter
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Central American ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Central American Seaway ◽  
History Of ◽  
North And South ◽  
Population Genetic Analyses

AbstractThe Pleistocene and post-Pleistocene evolutionary history of many North Atlantic intertidal invertebrate species is well known, but the evolutionary history of the deep North Atlantic fauna is poorly understood, specifically whether colonization of the deep North Atlantic paralleled the patterns observed in shallow water. Contemporary pan-Atlantic species distributions could result from several colonization pathways that connected different regions of the Atlantic at different times (e.g. Arctic, Antarctic or Panamanian pathways). To test potential colonization pathways we quantified geographic variation in nuclear and mitochondrial markers from Atlantic samples ofNucula atacellana, a pan-Atlantic deep-sea protobranch bivalve, usingN. profundorumin the eastern central Pacific as an outgroup. We combined existing 16S data from North and South Atlantic populations ofN. atacellanawith new sequences of 16S, COI, and an intron of calmodulin from those populations, and newly sampled populations near Iceland. Population genetic analyses indicated a subtropical expansion via the Central American Seaway. We found no evidence for Transarctic migration to the Atlantic inN. atacellana, which suggests that colonization pathways may differ significantly between shallow- and deep-water fauna.

scholarly journals First monk seal from the Southern Hemisphere rewrites the evolutionary history of true seals

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1938) ◽  
pp. 20202318
Author(s):  
James P. Rule ◽  
Justin W. Adams ◽  
Felix G. Marx ◽  
Alistair R. Evans ◽  
Alan J. D. Tennyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Major Change ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Monk Seals

Living true seals (phocids) are the most widely dispersed semi-aquatic marine mammals, and comprise geographically separate northern (phocine) and southern (monachine) groups. Both are thought to have evolved in the North Atlantic, with only two monachine lineages—elephant seals and lobodontins—subsequently crossing the equator. The third and most basal monachine tribe, the monk seals, have hitherto been interpreted as exclusively northern and (sub)tropical throughout their entire history. Here, we describe a new species of extinct monk seal from the Pliocene of New Zealand, the first of its kind from the Southern Hemisphere, based on one of the best-preserved and richest samples of seal fossils worldwide. This unanticipated discovery reveals that all three monachine tribes once coexisted south of the equator, and forces a profound revision of their evolutionary history: rather than primarily diversifying in the North Atlantic, monachines largely evolved in the Southern Hemisphere, and from this southern cradle later reinvaded the north. Our results suggest that true seals crossed the equator over eight times in their history. Overall, they more than double the age of the north–south dichotomy characterizing living true seals and confirms a surprisingly recent major change in southern phocid diversity.

Evolutionary history of Ichthyosaura alpestris (Caudata, Salamandridae) inferred from the combined analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Recuero ◽  
David Buckley ◽  
Mario García-París ◽  
Jan W. Arntzen ◽  
Dan Cogălniceanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ichthyosaura Alpestris

Population genetic structure and evolutionary history of North Atlantic beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from West Greenland, Svalbard and the White Sea

Polar Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1179-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory O’Corry-Crowe ◽  
Christian Lydersen ◽  
Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen ◽  
Lauren Hansen ◽  
Lev M. Mukhametov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
White Sea ◽  
Delphinapterus Leucas ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
Beluga Whales ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The convoluted evolutionary history of the capped-golden langur lineage (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) – concatenation versus coalescent analyses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Arekar ◽  
Abhijna Parigi ◽  
K. Praveen Karanth
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Multispecies Coalescent ◽  
Nuclear Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Golden Langur

AbstractEvolutionary studies have traditionally relied on concatenation based methods to reconstruct relationships from multiple markers. However, due to limitations of concatenation analyses, recent studies have proposed coalescent based methods to address evolutionary questions. Results from these methods tend to diverge from each other under situations where there is incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization. Here we used concatenation as well as multispecies coalescent (MSC) methods to understand the evolutionary origin of capped and golden langur (CG) lineage. Previous molecular studies have retrieved conflicting phylogenies, with mitochondrial tree grouping CG lineage with a largely Indian genus Semnopithecus, while nuclear markers support their affinities with a Southeast Asian genus, Trachypithecus. However, as pointed by others, the use of nuclear copies of mitochondrial DNA in the above studies might have generated the discordance. Because of this discordance, the phylogenetic position of CG lineage has been much debated in recent times. In this study, we have used nine nuclear and eight mitochondrial markers. Concatenated nuclear as well as the mitochondrial dataset recovered congruent relationships where CG lineage was sister to Trachypithecus. However nuclear species tree estimated using different MSC methods were incongruent with the above result, suggesting presence of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS)/hybridisation. Furthermore, CG lineage is morphologically intermediate between Semnopithecus and Trachypithecus. Based on this evidence, we argue that CG lineage evolved through hybridisation between Semnopithecus and Trachypithecus. Finally, we reason that both concatenation as well as coalescent methods should be used in conjunction for better understanding of various evolutionary hypotheses.

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