Identification and assessment of genetic relationships in three Chlorophytum species and two high yielding genotypes of C. borivilianum through RAPD markers

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Samantaray ◽  
Tarun Patel ◽  
K. Geetha ◽  
Satyabrata Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Identification And Characterization

AbstractConservation of identified germplasm is an important component for efficient and effective management of plant genetic resources. Since Chlorophytum species are important medicinal plants, studies were carried out for identification and establish genetic relationships in three species of Chlorophytum and two high yielding genotypes of Chlorophtum borivilianum using RAPD markers. Out of one hundred primers tested, 47 decamers amplified a total of 454 distinct bands ranging from 0.25–3.0 kbp to identify and to evaluate genetic relationships between and among three species of Chlorophytum and two genotypes of Chlorophtum borivilianum. The cluster analysis indicated that three species of Chlorophytum and two genotypes (NRCCB-1 and NRCCB-2) of C. borivilianum formed two major clusters. The first major cluster constituted C. arundinaceum and C. tuberosum, and the second major cluster composed of two subclusters; the first subcluster represented NRCB-1 and NRCB-2 where as the second subcluster represented C. borivilianum. Thus, the RAPD markers have the potential for identification and characterization of genetic relatedness among the species and genotypes. C. borivilianum along with two genotypes also showed similar banding patterns which could be chosen as candidate markers for differentiating the other two species such as C. arundinaceum and C. tuberosum. This would helpful for breeding programmes and provides an important input in conservation biology.

Identification and Genetic Variation among Hibiscus Species (Malvaceae) Using RAPD Markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvakanta Barik ◽  
Sunil Kumar Senapati ◽  
Subhashree Aparajita ◽  
Anuradha Mohapatra ◽  
Gyana Ranjan Rout
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Germplasm Identification ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Identification Of Species

Abstract Germplasm identification and characterization is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. Traditionally, species or cultivars identification has relied on morphological characters like growth habit or floral morphology like flower colour and other characteristics of the plant. Studies were undertaken for identification and determination of genetic variation within the two species of Hibiscus and 16 varieties of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. through random amplified polymorphic (RAPD) markers. Primer screening was made by using the DNA of variety “Prolific”. Genetic analysis was made by using ten selected decamer primers. A total of 79 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 kb were amplified by using ten selected random decamer primers. The genetic similarity was evaluated on the basis of presence or absence of bands. The cluster analysis indicated that the 16 varieties and two species formed one cluster. The first major cluster consisted of three varieties and a second major cluster consisted of two species and 13 varieties. The genetic distance was very close within the varieties and also among the species. Thus, these RAPD markers have the potential for identification of species/varieties and characterization of genetic variation within the varieties. This is also helpful in Hibiscus breeding programs and provides a major input into conservation biology

Identification and Analysis of Genetic Variation among Rose Cultivars Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Mohapatra ◽  
Gyana Ranjan Rout
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Rose Breeding

Identified germplasm is an important component for efficient and effective management of plant genetic resources. Traditionally, cultivars or species identification has relied on morphological characters like growth habit or floral morphology like flower colour and other characteristics of the plant. Studies were undertaken for identification and analysis of genetic variation within 34 rose cultivars through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Analysis was made by using twenty five decamer primers. Out of twenty five, ten primers were selected and used for identification and analysis of genetic relationships among 34 rose cultivars. A total of 162 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 0.1 to 3.4 kb was amplified by using 10 selected random decamer primers. The genetic similarity was evaluated on the basis of presence or absence of bands. The cluster analysis indicated that the 34 rose cultivars form 9 clusters. The first cluster consists of eight hybrid cultivars, three clusters having five cultivars each, one cluster having four cultivars, two clusters having three cultivars each and two clusters having one cultivar each. The genetic distance was very close within the cultivars. Thus, these RAPD markers have the potential for identification of clusters and characterization of genetic variation within the cultivars. This is also helpful in rose breeding programs and provides a major input into conservation biology.

Identification of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook F. & Thomas Using RAPD Markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyana Ranjan Rout
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Identification Of Species

Abstract Identified germplasm is an important component for efficient and effective management of plant genetic resources. Traditionally, plant identification has relied on morphological characters like growth habit, floral morphology like flower colour and other characteristics of the plant. Studies were undertaken for identification and genetic variation within 15 clones of Tinospora cordifolia through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Analysis was made using forty decamer primers. Out of them, 15 primers were selected and used for identification and genetic relationships within 15 clones. A total of 138 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 0.2 to 3.2 kb were amplified using 15 selected random primers. The genetic similarity was evaluated on the basis of presence or absence of bands. The genetic distance was very close within the clones. Thus, these RAPD markers have the potential for identification of species and characterization of genetic variation within the population. This study will be helpful to know the genetic background of the medicinal plants with high commercial value, and also provides a major input into conservation biology

RAPD for Assessment of Thymes Genetic Diversity in Palestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Esra` Solyman ◽  
Raed Alkowni
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Pairwise Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Thymus Capitatus ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Rapd Method

Several thymes species were grown in Palestine and have socio-economical values. Traditionally, morphological features are used for their taxonomy and discrimination. However, these methods fail to provide an accurate for discrimination and authentication, suggesting the use of other method inevitable. In this study, RAPD method was used for genotypes identification and characterization of five most socio-economical Palestinian thymes: Thymus syriacus, Thymus fruticosus, Thymus incanus, Thymus majorana, and Thymus capitatus. Eight out of ten decamer primers were tested for their ability to generate polymorphism from selected thyme species using RAPD-PCR, and the obtained data were analyzed. The primers (OPD-19, OPH-02 and OPAN-08) were generated 78.6% average polymorphism across five studied Thyme species. Pairwise similarity analysis revealed banding patterns between the studied plant species ranged from 0.18 to 0.67. By this study, genetic diversities of studied five Palestinian Thyme species were ascertained successfully using RAPD markers, concluding that it could be useful tools for identifying Thymes species in any putative breeding programs that will be carried in the country.

RAPD for Assessment of Thymes Genetic Diversity in Palestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Esra` Solyman ◽  
Raed Alkowni
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Pairwise Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Thymus Capitatus ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Rapd Method

Several thymes species were grown in Palestine and have socio-economical values. Traditionally, morphological features are used for their taxonomy and discrimination. However, these methods fail to provide an accurate for discrimination and authentication, suggesting the use of other method inevitable. In this study, RAPD method was used for genotypes identification and characterization of five most socio-economical Palestinian thymes: Thymus syriacus, Thymus fruticosus, Thymus incanus, Thymus majorana, and Thymus capitatus. Eight out of ten decamer primers were tested for their ability to generate polymorphism from selected thyme species using RAPD-PCR, and the obtained data were analyzed. The primers (OPD-19, OPH-02 and OPAN-08) were generated 78.6% average polymorphism across five studied Thyme species. Pairwise similarity analysis revealed banding patterns between the studied plant species ranged from 0.18 to 0.67. By this study, genetic diversities of studied five Palestinian Thyme species were ascertained successfully using RAPD markers, concluding that it could be useful tools for identifying Thymes species in any putative breeding programs that will be carried in the country.

scholarly journals Use RAPD Technique for Characterization of Genotypical Variability of Maize Germplasm from SCDA Turda

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica POP ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Monica HÂRŢA ◽  
Ioan HAŞ ◽  
Iulia POP
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Genetic analysis with RAPD markers has been extensively used to determine diversity among maize genotypes. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic relationships among 70 genotypes, provided from SCDA Turda Cluj germplasm collection. RAPD analysis was performed with 14 decamer primers. These primers generated, among the studied genotypes, a number of polymorphic bands comprised between 13 bands (OPA 04) and 7 bands (OPAL 20). The highest numbers of polymorphic bands were obtained with primer OPA 04, respectively 13 bands, following by OPO 12 (12 polymorphic bands), OPAB 11 and OPA 17 (11 polymorphic bands). Lowest number was obtained with primer OPAL 20, respectively 7 polymorphic bands. Genetic distances were established using Nei-Li coefficient and UPGMA dendrogram was constructed with RAPDistance 1.04 software. The built dendrogram shows phylogenetic relationships between genotypes analyzed.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships of Spanish Olive Cultivars Using RAPD Markers

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 948-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belaj ◽  
Z. Satovic ◽  
I. Trujillo ◽  
L. Rallo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Olive Cultivars

Eighty-two Spanish olive cultivars from the World Germplasm Bank of the Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria (CIFA) Alameda del Obispo in Cordoba (Spain) were analysed by RAPD markers to assess their genetic relatedness and to study patterns of genetic variation. The dendrogram based on unweighted pair group cluster analysis using Jaccard's index included two major groups that consisted mostly of cultivars from the southern and central part of Spain. Clustering together of cultivars from the Levante zone was also observed. The pattern of genetic variation among olive cultivars from three different Spanish zones (Levante, central and Andalusia) was analysed by means of the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Although most of the genetic variability was attributable to differences of cultivars within each zone (95.88%), significant φ-values among zones (φst = 0.041; p < 0.001) suggested the existence of phenotypic differentiation. These results are consistent with the predominantly allogamous nature of Olea europaea L. species. Significant values of φst for the pair Andalusia/Levante indicate the presence of differentiation. The negative value of φst observed in the case of the Andalusia/central pair suggests that some varieties from central Spain are more similar to the Andalusian ones than to the varieties of their own geographic area, and vice versa.

scholarly journals GENETIC FINGERPRINTING OF SNAP BEAN CULTIVARS WITH RAPD MARKERS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 573g-574
Author(s):  
Paul Skroch ◽  
Jim Nienhuis
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Marker Data ◽  
Varietal Identification ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

The genetic variation in a population of one hundred Snap Bean varieties, including processing and garden types, was studied using RAPD markers. All one hundred genotypes were distinguished by unique combinations of banding patterns. These unique “fingerprints” were tested for repeatability. Certain bands were very reliable and can be used for varietal identification. The RAPD marker data was also used to estimate genetic relationships among a subset of the one hundred lines. The results of the analysis agreed with known pedigree information. These markers will allow more precise monitering and control of germplasm by those who are involved with the breeding and production of superior seed.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Three Comercial Cultivars and a New Pollinator in Kiwifruit

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Prado ◽  
S. Romo ◽  
M. Novo ◽  
M. Rey ◽  
M.T. Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Technical Features

We investigated the characterization of genotypes of Actinidia deliciosa (Chev.) Liang and Ferguson var. deliciosa by using isozymatic and molecular techniques [randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP), standard AFLP, and modified AFLP]. Four genotypes were tested, the female cultivar `Hayward', the traditional New Zealand pollinizers `Matua' and `Tomuri', and a new pollinizer named clone A selected in a breeding program in Spain. PGI and PGM were the only isozymes that allowed us to distinguish the kiwifruit genotypes, although the accessions of `Matua' presented two different banding patterns for both isozymes. All three molecular markers differentiated between the genotypes of kiwifruit tested, although RAPD markers did not allow us to establish differences between accessions of `Matua', while both standard and modified AFLP did. These results, along with those of isozymes, support the hypothesis that the male kiwifruit genotypes present in Europe belong to different clones. None of the markers used showed differences between accessions of `Hayward', which would suggest that it is a uniform cultivar. On the other hand, clone A was a seedling derived from `Hayward' and an unknown pollinizer. The results obtained using AFLP markers strongly suggest that `Tomuri' may have been the male parent of clone A. A specific protocol for kiwifruit characterization based on a modified AFLP technique is also presented, that gave rise to the highest percentage of polymorphism while scoring the lowest number of bands. This, together with the technical features of modified AFLP markers, make them very useful for identifying propagated kiwifruit plant material in commercial nurseries.

scholarly journals Studies on Characterization of Molecular Variability Using RAPD Markers in Rhizoctonia solani Isolated from Different Gerographical Regions of South India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-603
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
South India ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Molecular techniques have become reliable and are highly suitable tools for identifying pathogen species and for genetic variation. The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variations. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers have been used to characterize the numerous filamentous fungi collected from different fields of experimental mycology. Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus which cause sheath blight in rice. Present work focused on polymorphic identification and characterization of Rhizoctonia solani isolate. Twenty eight samples were collected from different locations of South India and Punjab. Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) were isolated and used polymorphic examination by molecular markers. Molecular analysis was done with OPC-5, OPC-2, OPA-8 and OPA-11primers and the variability of isolated fungus DNA, allowed the visualization of 265 polymorphic bonds with molecular weight ranging from 0.5kb to 20kb significant differences in RAPD profiles of 28 isolates of R. Solani were found with two primers OPC-5 and OPC-2. To analyze the resolving ability of these primers, cumulative RAPD profiles generated by the primers were analyzed by UPGMA. The dendrogram constructed using 265 polymorphic bonds obtained from 28 isolates with 5 primers was divided into 7 clusters. Based on these results it was concluded that there was a molecular variability among the isolates of R. solani was depicted.

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