scholarly journals Repetitive transcanial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) modulates event-related potential (ERP) indices of attention in autism

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Casanova ◽  
Joshua Baruth ◽  
Ayman El-Baz ◽  
Allan Tasman ◽  
Lonnie Sears ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have previously been shown to have significantly augmented and prolonged event-related potentials (ERP) to irrelevant visual stimuli compared to controls at both early and later stages (e.g., N200, P300) of visual processing and evidence of an overall lack of stimulus discrimination. Abnormally large and indiscriminative cortical responses to sensory stimuli may reflect cortical inhibitory deficits and a disruption in the excitation/inhibition ratio. Low-frequency (≤ 1HZ) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to increase inhibition of stimulated cortex by the activation of inhibitory circuits. It was our prediction that after 12 sessions of low-frequency rTMS applied bilaterally to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices in individuals with ASD there would be a significant improvement in ERP indices of selective attention evoked at later (i.e., 200–600 ms) stages of attentional processing as well as an improvement in motor response error rate. We assessed 25 participants with ASD in a task of selective attention using illusory figures before and after 12 sessions of rTMS in a controlled design where a waiting-list group of 20 children with ASD performed the same task twice. We found a significant improvement in both N200 and P300 components as a result of rTMS as well as a significant reduction in response errors. We also found significant reductions in both repetitive behavior and irritability according to clinical behavioral questionnaires as a result of rTMS. We propose that rTMS has the potential to become an important therapeutic tool in ASD research and treatment.

Comparisons of event-related potentials after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

2001 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongkui Jing ◽  
Morikuni Takigawa ◽  
Hisataku Okamura ◽  
Wataru Doi ◽  
Hiroshi Fukuzako
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials

scholarly journals Event-Related Potential Evidence of Enhanced Visual Processing in Auditory-Associated Cortex in Adults with Hearing Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Maojin Liang ◽  
Jiahao Liu ◽  
Yuexin Cai ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Suijun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Occipital Area ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Frontotemporal Area

Objective: The present study investigated the characteristics of visual processing in the auditory-associated cortex in adults with hearing loss using event-related potentials. Methods: Ten subjects with bilateral postlingual hearing loss were recruited. Ten age- and sex-matched normal-hearing subjects were included as controls. Visual (“sound” and “non-sound” photos)-evoked potentials were performed. The P170 response in the occipital area as well as N1 and N2 responses in FC3 and FC4 were analyzed. Results: Adults with hearing loss had higher P170 amplitudes, significantly higher N2 amplitudes, and shorter N2 latency in response to “sound” and “non-sound” photo stimuli at both FC3 and FC4, with the exception of the N2 amplitude which responded to “sound” photo stimuli at FC3. Further topographic mapping analysis revealed that patients had a large difference in response to “sound” and “non-sound” photos in the right frontotemporal area, starting from approximately 200 to 400 ms. Localization of source showed the difference to be located in the middle frontal gyrus region (BA10) at around 266 ms. Conclusions: The significantly stronger responses to visual stimuli indicate enhanced visual processing in the auditory-associated cortex in adults with hearing loss, which may be attributed to cortical visual reorganization involving the right frontotemporal cortex.

Brainstem Frequency-Following Responses and Cortical Event-Related Potentials during Attention

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1231-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. Galbraith ◽  
John M. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
Auditory Evoked Response ◽  
Cortical Responses ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response

Human brainstem frequency-following responses (FFRs) and cortical event-related potentials (ERPs) were evoked by a low-frequency (230 Hz) tone during directed attention. ERPs showed significant amplitude differences consistent with expected attention effects, viz., largest to attended stimuli and smallest to ignored stimuli. The ERP data thereby confirm that attention effectively modulated cortical responses. The FFR, however, did not differ between conditions. The present results agree with one earlier FFR study and a majority of studies using click stimuli to elicit the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER). However, several BAER studies and two recent FFR studies have shown that attention can influence human brainstem responses. The present results are therefore interpreted in the context of specific task requirements that optimize early selective attention effects.

scholarly journals Event-Related Potential to Conscious and Nonconscious Emotional Face Perception in Females with Autistic-Like Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Vilfredo De Pascalis ◽  
Giuliana Cirillo ◽  
Arianna Vecchio ◽  
Joseph Ciorciari
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Occipital Region ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Face

This study explored the electrocortical correlates of conscious and nonconscious perceptions of emotionally laden faces in neurotypical adult women with varying levels of autistic-like traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient—AQ). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the viewing of backward-masked images for happy, neutral, and sad faces presented either below (16 ms—subliminal) or above the level of visual conscious awareness (167 ms—supraliminal). Sad compared to happy faces elicited larger frontal-central N1, N2, and occipital P3 waves. We observed larger N1 amplitudes to sad faces than to happy and neutral faces in High-AQ (but not Low-AQ) scorers. Additionally, High-AQ scorers had a relatively larger P3 at the occipital region to sad faces. Regardless of the AQ score, subliminal perceived emotional faces elicited shorter N1, N2, and P3 latencies than supraliminal faces. Happy and sad faces had shorter N170 latency in the supraliminal than subliminal condition. High-AQ participants had a longer N1 latency over the occipital region than Low-AQ ones. In Low-AQ individuals (but not in High-AQ ones), emotional recognition with female faces produced a longer N170 latency than with male faces. N4 latency was shorter to female faces than male faces. These findings are discussed in view of their clinical implications and extension to autism.

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