scholarly journals The Forest Vegetation of the Tolfa-Ceriti Mountains (Northern Latium - Central Italy)

Hacquetia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo Pietro ◽  
Mattia Azzella ◽  
Laura Facioni
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
New Association ◽  
Woodland Communities

The Forest Vegetation of the Tolfa-Ceriti Mountains (Northern Latium - Central Italy)The forests of the Tolfa-Ceriti mountains (Latium, central Italy) were investigated through a phytosociological approach. 249 relevés were performed and treated with multivariate analysis. 13 woodland communities were identified, of which 7 belong toQuercetalia pubescenti-petraeae, 1 toFagetalia sylvaticae, 1 toPopuletaliaand 4 toQuercetalia ilicis. The thermophilous Turkey oak-forests occurring on the trachytic hills of the Ceriti Mountains and on the flysch substrates of the Tolfa Mountains were included inRubio peregrinae-Quercetum cerridisass. nova.Quercus cerrisandFraxinus angustifoliasubsp.oxycarpawoodland communities of the footslopes have been ascribed toFraxino oxycarpae-Quercetum cerridis, while the widespread mesophilus Turkey oak forests have been ascribed toMelico-Quercetum cerridis. Cephalantero longifoliae-Quercetum cerridishas been restricted to acid and oligotrophic soils.Quercus petraeawoodlands, occurring on trachytic substrates have been described as a new association namedCarici olbiensis-Quercetum petraeaeass. nova. All these mixed oak woods have been included in the allianceCrataego laevigatae-Quercion cerridisArrigoni 1997. The nomenclatural problems concerning the prior nameTeucrio siculi-Quercion cerridisUbaldi 1988 are also discussed. The beech forests of the higher altitudes have been included inFraxino orni-Fagetum sylvaticae, while theAlnus glutinosaravine woodlands have been described as belonging to the new associationPolysticho setiferi-Alnetum glutinosae. Secondary communities ofAcer monspessulanumandAcer campestredeveloped on flysch substrates, and ofErica arboreaandArbutus unedo(Erico-Arbutetum unedonis) developed on trachytic substrates, have also been identified. Finally two types ofQuercus ilexwood have been identified:Cyclamino repandi-Quercetum ilicis, on sandstones, and the new associationArbuto unedonis-Quercetum ilicisass. nova on volcanic soils. This latter community can be considered as a coenological and geographical vicariant in central Italy of the sicilianErico-Quercetum ilicis.

scholarly journals Comparison of habitats of the rare fungus Pluteus fenzlii between Białowieża Virgin Forest (Poland) and thermophilous forests (Slovakia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kučera ◽  
Vladimír Kunca ◽  
Jan Holec
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Virgin Forest ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Priority Habitat

AbstractPluteus fenzlii is a rare Eurasian lignicolous fungus, an iconic bright yellow species that attracts attention. Its habitat in the Białowieża Virgin Forest, Poland, is dominated by Carpinus betulus with admixture of Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Picea abies, with an herb layer typical for the Carpinion betuli alliance. In Slovakia, the country hosting the highest number of localities worldwide, P. fenzlii prefers closed canopy of thermophilous forest with dominance of Quercus cerris and adjacent Quercus robur agg., Q. petraea agg., Carpinus betulus and Tilia cordata. In the Natura 2000 classification this vegetation belongs to habitat 91M0, Pannonian-Balkanic Turkey Oak-Sessile Oak forests, and priority habitat 91G0, Pannonic woods with Quercus petraea and Carpinus betulus. The Slovak localities can be assigned to the mycosociological community Boleto (aerei)–Russuletum luteotactae, typical for thermophilous oak forests of Southern Europe and extrazonal areas in Central Europe. The presence of P. fenzlii at the isolated Białowieża locality could represent either a remote site of its present occurrence or a remnant of its former distribution, connected with the relict occurrence of thermophilous vegetation in Białowieża where continental oak forests have already disappeared.

scholarly journals AILANTHUS ALTISSIMA (MILLER) SWINGLE - INVASIVE SPECIES IN THE FOREST HABITATS IN THE UPPER BASIN OF THE MOTRU RIVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Nicolae Cătălin Dinucă
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Alluvial Forests ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Forest Habitats

Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle is an invasive species found in forest habitats in Oltenia and beyond. The aggression and power of dissemination and development of this species is increasing. The thematic area provided in this paper is situated in the upper basin of the Motru river. Within this study had been aimed the identification and level of pressures and threats of the invasive species Ailanthus altissima in the forest habitats in the researched territory. These studies also noted the conservation status of the forest habitats in which this invasive species was encountered. In this area we identified this invasive species in the following forest habitats: 91E0* Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae), 91V0 Dacian Beech forests (SymphytoFagion), 9130 Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests, 91M0 Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak - sessile oak forests. This species influence the succesional dynamics and the floristic composition of the forest habitats, occupying increasingly more and more space.

scholarly journals Height to Crown Base Modelling for the Main Tree Species in an Even-Aged Pedunculate Oak Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saray Martín-García ◽  
Ivan Balenović ◽  
Luka Jurjević ◽  
Iñigo Lizarralde ◽  
Krunoslav Indir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Critical Measure ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
Crown Base Height

The height to crown base (hcb) is a critical measure used in many investigations as an input variable to investigate the vigour of the stands, the social position of the trees, and to evaluate the behaviour of forest fires, among other uses. Though measuring height-related variables in the field is always time-consuming, the foremost benefits offered by modelling hcb are that it permits to generalize and average a very uneven attribute and, furthermore, provides insights about which tree and stand variables have a significant impact on hcb. However, there are many species in which models of the crown base height have not been developed in Croatia. The objective of this research was to develop a height to base crown model for each of the main species present in the two-layered mixed stands of this study. According to previous investigations, logistic models provide the highest precision and require the lowest inventory cost owing to less frequent measurements. Tree- and plot-level variables with distance-independent competition indexes were studied in the fitting model. In this research, we obtained models for the main stand species: Acer campestre (root mean squared error (RMSE) = 2.28 m, R2 = 82.80%); Alnus glutinosa (RMSE = 1.78 m, R2 = 85.36%); Carpinus betulus (RMSE = 2.47 m, R2 = 67.55%); Fraxinus angustifolia (RMSE = 2.46 m, R2 = 82.45%); Quercus robur (RMSE = 2.60 m, R2 = 80.57%); Tilia sp. (RMSE = 2.01 m, R 2 = 89.07%); and Ulmus laevis (RMSE = 1.71 m, R2 = 92.42%). The combination of the total height, tree, and plot-level variables with distance-independent competition indexes contributed to the prediction accuracy of proposed model significantly.

scholarly journals The floodplain woods of Tuscany: towards a phytosociological synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Matilde Gennai ◽  
Antonio Gabellini ◽  
Daniele Viciani ◽  
Roberto Venanzoni ◽  
Lorella Dell’Olmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
New Association ◽  
Natural Wood ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Conservation Concern

The recent Landscape Plan of Tuscany Region pays particular attention towards the floodplain woods, for their conservation concern, landscape, and historical importance. The floodplain forest vegetation is defined as the natural and semi-natural wood vegetation located close to the rivers and submerged only during exceptional flooding. We gathered 180 both published and unpublished relevés coming from Tuscany and carried out in floodplain woods, where Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa, Quercus robur, Ulmus minor, Carpinus betulus, Populus nigra, P. alba and Salix alba were dominant, alone or in consociation with each other. On this dataset we performed a multivariate analysis, and the resulting groups were characterized by several points of view: floristic, ecological, chorological, by mean of diagnostic species, with the use of EIV. Moreover, their distribution in Tuscany was better defined. According to our results, six associations were found to be present in Tuscany. Thereby, one new association and three new subassociations were proposed. The syntaxonomic arrangement above the association level was discussed, with particular attention to the Italian Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa-rich communities. Finally, a comparison with the Annex I habitat types (sensu Directive 92/43/EEC) was carried out.

scholarly journals Forest defoliator pests alter carbon and nitrogen cycles

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne l-M-Arnold ◽  
Maren Grüning ◽  
Judy Simon ◽  
Annett-Barbara Reinhardt ◽  
Norbert Lamersdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Operophtera Brumata ◽  
Winter Moth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N

Climate change may foster pest epidemics in forests, and thereby the fluxes of elements that are indicators of ecosystem functioning. We examined compounds of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in insect faeces, leaf litter, throughfall and analysed the soils of deciduous oak forests ( Quercus petraea  L.) that were heavily infested by the leaf herbivores winter moth ( Operophtera brumata  L.) and mottled umber ( Erannis defoliaria  L.). In infested forests, total net canopy-to-soil fluxes of C and N deriving from insect faeces, leaf litter and throughfall were 30- and 18-fold higher compared with uninfested oak forests, with 4333 kg C ha −1 and 319 kg N ha −1 , respectively, during a pest outbreak over 3 years. In infested forests, C and N levels in soil solutions were enhanced and C/N ratios in humus layers were reduced indicating an extended canopy-to-soil element pathway compared with the non-infested forests. In a microcosm incubation experiment, soil treatments with insect faeces showed 16-fold higher fluxes of carbon dioxide and 10-fold higher fluxes of dissolved organic carbon compared with soil treatments without added insect faeces (control). Thus, the deposition of high rates of nitrogen and rapidly decomposable carbon compounds in the course of forest pest epidemics appears to stimulate soil microbial activity (i.e. heterotrophic respiration), and therefore, may represent an important mechanism by which climate change can initiate a carbon cycle feedback.

scholarly journals Datos sobre la flora y vegetación de la cuenca del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, España).

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 189-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés V. Pérez Latorre ◽  
Patricia Navas ◽  
David Navas ◽  
Yolanda Gil ◽  
Baltasar Cabezudo
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Ulmus Minor ◽  
Guadiamar River ◽  
Sierra Morena ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Vegetation Series

RESUMEN. Datos sobre la flora y vegetación de la cuenca del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, España). Sc ha realizado un estudio florístico, fitocenológico y fitogeográfico de la cuenca hidrográfica del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, Andalucía, España). Bioclimáticamente domina en la cuenca el piso termomecliterráneo (con un reducto mesomediterráneo al NW) y el ombrotipo subhúmedo (seco al S). Se propone una sectorización fitogeográfica para la cuenca a un nivel inferior al de sector y resaltando el papel de conector de la cuenca del Guadiamar entre la provincia Luso-Extremadurense (Sierra Morena) y la Tingitano-Onubo-Algarviense (arenales y marismas). Como resultado sobre la flora, se presenta un conjunto de especies de interés por estar protegidas, por su escasez en la cuenca, en Andalucía Occidental, o por indicar determinados ecosistemas frágiles o singulares. Respecto a la vegetación, el territorio presenta una gran diversidad de asociaciones y comunidades (96), algunas de ellas son novedades sintaxonómicas: Imperato cylindricae-Scirpetum holoschoeni, Cisto salvifolii-Ulicetum australis lavanduletosum sampaianae, Malcomio trilobae-Hytnenocarpetum hamosi loeflingietosunz baeticae, Ornithopi isthmocarpi-Anthoxantetum ovati y vulpietosum alopecuroris, Ranunculo peltati-Callitrichetum brutiae y Ranunculo hederacei-Callitrichetum stagnalis. Además se lectotipifican Polypogono monspeliensis-Ranunculetum scelerati y Scolymo maculati-Sylibetum mariani. Se han catalogado 13 series de vegetación, 5 de tipo climatófilo, dominadas por fagáceas (Quercus suber y Quercus rotundtfolia) con faci aciones de Pious pinea, Olea europaea var. sylvestris o Quercus broteroi, y 8 de tipo edafohidrófi lo (caracterizadas respectivamente por Populus alba, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor, Alnus glutinosa, Salix pedicellata, Nerium oleander, Tamariz gallica y Securinega tinctorea). Así mismo, aparecen complejos edafogénicos (mosaicos) de vegetación halófila en Entremuros (Parque Natural de Doñana) y de vegetación dulceacuícola por toda la cuenca. La vegetación permanente edafoxerófila corresponde a Genistetum polyanthi. Se presentan un esquema sintaxonómico, tablas fitosociológicas de novedades y un mapa de las series de vegetación.Palabras clave. Flora, vegetación, Fitogeografía, río Guadiamar, Sevilla, Huelva, Andalucía, España.SUMMARY. Flora and vegetation in the basin of the Guadiamar river (Seville-Huelva, Spain). We have carried out a floristical, phytocoenological and phytogeographical study about the Guadiamar river basin (Seville-Huelva, Andalusia, Spain). Thermo-mediterranean bioclimatic belt (appearing a little meso-mediterranean belt area towards NW) and sub humid ombro-type (dry towards S) characterises the basin. It is proposed a phytogeographical scheme under sector level for the Guadiamar basin. Stands out the corridor role of the Guadiamar river between the phytogeographical provinces Luso-Extremadurense (Sierra Morena) and Tingitano-Onubo- Algarviense (sandy lands and marshes). A group of species are highlighted as a result of being protected, rare in the basin or in Western Andalusia or because of living in fragile or singular ecosystems. Regarding the vegetation, a high diversity of plant communities has been found (96), some of them are new syntaxa or combinations: Impercaocylindricae-Scirpetumholoschoeni, Cisto salvifolii-Ulicetum australis lavanduletosum sampaianae, Malcomio trilobae- flymenocarpetum hamosi loeflingietosum baeticae, Ornithopi istlunocarpi-Anthoxantetum ovati and vulpietosutn alopecuroris, Ranunculo peltati-Callitrichetum brutiae, Ranunculo hederacei- Callitrichetum stagnalis. Two syntaxa are lectotypified here: Polypogono tnonspeliensis- Ranunculetum scelerati and Scolymo niaculati-Sylibetum mariani. 13 vegetation series have been recorded: 5 climactic, characterised by Quercus sober and Quercus rotundifolia showing variants with Pious pinea, Olea sylvestris or Quercus broteroi. 8 series are linked to riverside biotopes and respectively characterised by Populus alba, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor, Alnus glutinosa, Salix pee/ice//ala, Nerium oleander, Tamarix gal lica and Securinega tinctorea. Halophytic vegetation (mosaics) is located in Entremuros near the Doilana marshes and also wetlands with hydrophilic vegetation are spread all over the basin. Soil-xeric permanent vegetation is represented by Genistetum polyanthi. A syntaxonomical scheme, phytosociological tables and one map of the vegetation series are also included.Key words. Flora, vegetation, Phytogeography, Guadiamar river basin, Seville, Huelva, Andalusia, Spain.

scholarly journals A contribution to the knowledge of biology and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.) (Coleoptera, Attelabidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 317-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Urban
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Average Area

The paper deals with the occurrence, development and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.). The majority of field studies was carried out at Training Forest Enterprise (TFE) Masaryk Forest in Křtiny (District Brno-venkov) in 2010 and 2011. In addition to this, the species was studied in detail also in a laboratory. It occurred mostly on Betula pendula and Carpinus betulus. Rarely, the species was found on Alnus glutinosa and Corylus avellana and only sporadically on Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Tilia cordata and T. platyphyllos. In the studied area, larvae and pupae hibernate. Beetles occur on trees from the end of April to the beginning of July, sporadically later. Females lay on average 2.5 (in the laboratory 4.4) eggs into rolls on B. pendula, on C. betulus 2.2 eggs. During two months, they damage on average 5.3 cm2 leaves creating 14 rolls and laying 35 eggs into the rolls. Larvae consume only 1.7 cm2 leaf blade. The development of the species takes three to four months from egg laying to the departure of larvae into soil. On leaves of B. pendula of an average area of 14.2 cm2, females roll up the same area (about 11.2 cm2) as on leaves of C. betulus of an area of 21.7 cm2. Into the rolls, they lay on average the same number of eggs. The average number of eggs in rolls increases with the increased area of B. pendula leaf blade. Trees partly compensate for the reduction of assimilatory area also by the growth of the area of neighbouring undamaged leaves (on average by 12.7 %).

scholarly journals General regularities of height-diameter curves in Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak high forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Roumen Petrin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Relative Height ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Turkey Oak

The height-diameter curves of natural even-aged Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak forests in the regions of Staro Oryahovo, Sherba, Tsonevo and Aytos Forestry Districts have been studied. In order to explore the shape of the curves and, in particular, their steepness, the steepness index SI of Douhovnikov (“the method of natural indicators”) was applied. The curves were divided into three groups according to it: flat curves, medium steep curves and steep curves. Both the traditional height-diameter curves and the corresponding relative curves of Tyurin were studied. Consideration of the traditional height-diameter curves gives a certain ground for investigating to-gether the height-diameter curves of Hungarian oak and sessile oak, disregarding the tree species. This inference was confirmed by comparing the relative height-diameter curves for Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak with Tyurin’s uniform curve of relative heights. For these comparisons we used the Willcoxon test. A statistically significant great proximity in their shapes was found. As a uniform average curve of relative heights has been established for all tree species, this proximity indicates a possibility of creating a single fan of height-diameter curves for high Hungarian, sessile and Turkey oak.

scholarly journals Phytocenological and edaphic characteristics of sessile oak forests on Miroc Mt in northeastern Serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 27-55
Author(s):  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Olivera Kosanin ◽  
Milun Krstic ◽  
Marko Perovic ◽  
Marijana Novakovic-Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forest ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Natural Stands

This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroc mountain. Three comunities were investigated: Pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Glis. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and acid cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (exposition, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroc caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures.

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