scholarly journals Coil Pump Design for a Community Fountain in Zambia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Thompson ◽  
Sonya Milonova ◽  
Meghan Reha ◽  
Faisal Mased ◽  
Ian Tromble
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Nile Crocodile ◽  
Zambezi River

The municipal water distribution system in Chirundu, Zambia is not affordable for many residents, so most families collect water, wash their clothes and socialize along the banks of the Zambezi River. The river is the native habitat for the Nile crocodile, and several fatal attacks have occurred at this site. Using locally available materials, a team of engineering students from Seattle University designed a waterwheel and coil pump to provide 30 liters of water per minute to a safe gathering area 30 meters onshore and at an elevation of 10 meters above the river. The team also sized a water storage system and designed a series of washbasins for the site. Local residents were able to improve the design and construction of the pump, and it has performed for up to two months without maintenance. The coil pump has the potential to provide crop irrigation for many neighboring communities. For this to be a sustainable technology, the pump’s rotating joint must be carefully fabricated.

scholarly journals Automated parameter optimization of a water distribution system

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maikel Méndez ◽  
José A. Araya ◽  
Luís D. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Space ◽  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Parameter Estimator

The hydraulic model EPANET was applied and calibrated for the water distribution system (WDS) of La Sirena, Colombia. The Parameter ESTimator (PEST) was used for parameter optimization and sensitivity analysis. Observation data included levels at water storage tanks and pressures at monitoring nodes. Adjustable parameters were grouped into different classes according to two different scenarios identified as constrained and unconstrained. These scenarios were established to evaluate the effect of parameter space size and compensating errors over the calibration process. Results from the unconstrained scenario, where 723 adjustable parameters were declared, showed that considerable compensating errors are introduced into the optimization process if all parameters were open to adjustment. The constrained scenario on the other hand, represented a more properly discretized scheme as parameters were grouped into classes of similar characteristics and insensitive parameters were fixed. This had a profound impact on the parameter space as adjustable parameters were reduced to 24. The constrained solution, even when it is valid only for the system's normal operating conditions, clearly demonstrates that Parallel PEST (PPEST) has the potential to be used in the calibration of WDS models. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to determine PPEST's performance in complex WDS models.

Assessment of Lisbon drinking water distribution network biofilm colonization and associated hazards

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
J. Menaia ◽  
M. Benoliel ◽  
A. Lopes ◽  
C. Neto ◽  
E. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
And Storage

Concerns arise from the possible occurrence of pathogens in drinking water pipe biofilms and storage tank sediments. In these studies, biofilm samples from pipes and sediments from storage tanks of the Lisbon drinking water distribution system were analyzed. Protein determinations and heterotrophic counts on pipe biofilm samples were used to assess the Lisbon network sessile colonization intensity and distribution. Indicator and pathogenic microorganisms were analyzed in pipe biofilm samples, as well as in storage tanks biofilm and sediments, by using cultural methods and PCR, to assess risks. Results have shown that the Lisbon network sessile colonization is relatively weak in intensity. In addition, no meaningful hazards were apparent for both the network biofilm and the storage tanks biofilm and sediments.

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