Bakanae Disease - A Serious threat to Basmati Rice Production in India

Bakanae disease has been reported from almost all the rice growing countries in the world. The disease has been emerged as a major problem in some of the Asian countries including Bangladesh. Bakanae is becoming a serious threat to sustainable rice production in Bangladesh particularly in the northeastern part of the country and accounted for causing up to 25% yield losses. The disease has become difficult to manage due to lacking appropriate disease diagnosis. Fusarium fujikuroi mainly caused this disease but other Fusarium species are also reported to be involved for causing this disease. It, therefore, is crucial to understand the association of Fusarium species with Bakanae disease for sustainable rice disease management in Bangladesh. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 608-610

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Environmental Efficiency Analysis of Basmati Rice Production in Punjab, Pakistan: Implications for Sustainable Agricultural Development

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v49i1pp.57-72 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 57-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mr. Abedullah ◽

Shahzad Kouser ◽

Khalid Mushtaq

Keyword(s):

Environmental Pollution ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Substantial Reduction ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Efficiency Index ◽

Rice Production ◽

Environmental Efficiency ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Stochastic Production Frontier ◽

Production Frontier

The intensive use of chemicals worked as a catalyst to shift the production frontier but the most critical factor of maintaining a clean environment was totally ignored. The present study attempts to estimate the environmental efficiency of rice production by employing the translog stochastic production frontier approach. The data are collected from five major Basmati rice growing districts (Gujranwala, Sheikupura, Sialkot, Hafizabad, and Jhang) of Punjab in 2006. Chemical weedicides and nitrogen are treated as environmentally detrimental inputs. The mean technical efficiency index is sufficiently high (89 percent) but the environmental efficiency index of chemical weedicides alone is 14 percent while the joint environmental efficiency index of chemical weedicides and nitrogen is 24 percent implying that joint environmental efficiency is higher than chemical weedicide alone. It indicates that substantial reduction (86 percent) in chemical weedicide use is possible with higher level of productivity. Moreover, it is likely to contribute a considerable decrease in environmental pollution which is expected to enhance the performance of agriculture labour. The reduction in chemical weedicides will save Rs 297 per acre and Rs 1307.3 million over all from the rice crop in Punjab, improving the profitability of rice growing farmers by the same proportion. Empirical analysis indicates that reduction in environmental pollution together with higher level of profitability in rice production is achievable. JEL classification: N5, O13 Keywords: Rice Production, Environmental Efficiency, Weedicide, Fertiliser (NPK), Stochastic Translog Frontier

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Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Competitiveness of the Rice Production Systems of Pakistan’s Punjab

THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ◽

10.35536/lje.2007.v12.i1.a7 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 141-153

Author(s):

Waqar Akhtar ◽

Muhammad Sharif ◽

Nadeem Akmal

Keyword(s):

Economic Efficiency ◽

Production Systems ◽

Economic Incentives ◽

Rice Production ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Policy Intervention ◽

Incentive Structure ◽

Farm Level ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

Policy Analysis Matrix

The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) methodology was used to determine the level of economic efficiency and competitiveness in the production of rice crops in Pakistan’s Punjab. The methodology was also used to assess the effect of policy intervention on the production of Basmati and IRRI rice crops. The results indicate that an expansion of the production of Basmati rice can lead to an increase in exports. The production of IRRI in Pakistan’s Punjab is characterized by a lack of economic efficiency implying inefficient use of resources to produce the commodity. On the other hand, both Basmati and IRRI rice production in the Punjab demonstrate a lack of competitiveness at the farm level for the period under analysis. The analysis shows that the prevailing incentive structure affected farmers negatively. A negative divergence between private and social profits implies that the net effect of policy intervention is to reduce the farm level profitability of both rice production systems in Punjab. The results highlight the need for removing existing policy distortions in the structure of economic incentives to enhance economic efficiency and to attain farm level competitiveness in rice production.

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